Atomic Structure and Theory
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Questions and Answers

What primarily determines the mass of an atom?

  • Number of protons and neutrons (correct)
  • Number of cations
  • Number of electrons
  • Number of isotopes

What is the charge of an electron?

  • -1 (correct)
  • +1
  • 0
  • Variable

What is the atomic number?

  • The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom
  • The number of protons in an atom (correct)
  • The number of neutrons in an atom
  • The weight of an atom

What is the name of a positively charged ion?

<p>Cation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass number of Helium?

<p>4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called?

<p>Isotopes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest unit into which matter can be divided without releasing electrically charged particles?

<p>Atom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is credited with creating the first atomic theory, viewing atoms as tiny, solid spheres?

<p>John Dalton (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered the electron using a cathode ray tube?

<p>J.J. Thomson (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model of the atom proposed that electrons move around the nucleus in specific layers or shells?

<p>Bohr's Planetary Model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge and is located in the nucleus of an atom?

<p>Proton (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge and orbits the nucleus of an atom?

<p>Electron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle has no charge and is located in the nucleus of an atom?

<p>Neutron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a combination of two or more atoms bonded together called?

<p>Molecule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure the size of an atom?

<p>Angstrom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist discovered the neutron?

<p>James Chadwick (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atom

The smallest particle of an element that retains its properties.

John Dalton's Atomic Theory

First atomic theory; atoms are indivisible solid spheres.

Plum Pudding Model

Thomson's model; electrons in a positive cloud.

Nuclear Model

Rutherford's model; atom has a nucleus with positive charge and mostly empty space.

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Planetary Model

Bohr's model; electrons move around the nucleus in specific orbits.

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Wave Model

Schrödinger's model; electrons move in probability clouds, not fixed paths.

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Neutron

Neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Subatomic Particles

Particles smaller than atoms: protons, neutrons, and electrons.

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Molecule

A combination of two or more bonded atoms.

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Reactivity of Atoms

The tendency of atoms to combine and form molecules; varies across elements.

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Element

A substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means.

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Atomic Number

The number of protons in an atom, defining its element.

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Proton

Positively charged particle located in the nucleus.

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Electron

Negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus.

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Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

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Cation

A positively charged ion, more protons than electrons.

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Anion

A negatively charged ion, more electrons than protons.

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