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Questions and Answers
What is the number of protons in an atom equal to?
Isotopes have the same atomic number and atomic mass.
False
What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
A cation is a positive ion, while an anion is a negative ion.
The formula mass of a compound is represented by the symbol ______________.
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Match the following types of polymers with their characteristics:
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What is the molar volume of a gas at room temperature and pressure?
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What is the atomic number of an atom equal to?
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Isotopes have different atomic numbers.
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How is an ion formed?
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The relative atomic mass of an element is calculated as the weighted average of the ______________ of its isotopes.
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Match the following types of chemical bonds with their characteristics:
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What is the main difference between ionic and covalent compounds?
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Study Notes
Atomic Structure
- Atomic number: number of protons in an atom
- Atomic mass: total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
- Number of protons = number of electrons
- Number of neutrons = atomic mass - atomic number
- Atomic structure consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons
Isotopes
- Isotopes: atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different atomic mass
- Isotopes have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
- Relative atomic mass calculation: weighted average of the atomic masses of the isotopes
Chemical Bonding
- Ion: a charged atom formed by losing or gaining electrons
- Classification of ions: cation (positive ion) and anion (negative ion)
- Ionic bond: formed between a metal and a non-metal by the transfer of electrons
- Ionic bond diagram: dot cross diagram and outer shell diagram
Covalent Bonding
- Covalent bond: formed between two non-metals by sharing electrons
- Covalent bond diagram: dot cross diagram and outer shell diagram
- Properties of covalent compounds: differ from ionic compounds
Chemical Calculations
- Relative molecular mass (Mr): sum of the atomic masses of the atoms in a molecule
- Moles: amount of substance that contains Avogadro's number of particles
- Molar mass: mass of one mole of a substance
- Molar volume: volume of one mole of a gas
- Empirical and molecular formula: different types of formulae to represent a compound
- Percentage composition by mass: calculation of the percentage of each element in a compound
Ceramics and Polymers
- Ceramics: inorganic, non-metallic materials
- Types of ceramics: earthenware, porcelain, and bone china
- Polymers: long chains of molecules formed by repeating units of monomers
- Types of polymers: natural (e.g. proteins, cellulose) and artificial (e.g. nylon, polyethylene)
- Uses and sources of polymers: varied and diverse
Atomic Structure
- Atomic number: number of protons in an atom
- Atomic mass: total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
- Number of protons = number of electrons
- Number of neutrons = atomic mass - atomic number
- Atomic structure consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons
Isotopes
- Isotopes: atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different atomic mass
- Isotopes have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
- Relative atomic mass calculation: weighted average of the atomic masses of the isotopes
Chemical Bonding
- Ion: a charged atom formed by losing or gaining electrons
- Classification of ions: cation (positive ion) and anion (negative ion)
- Ionic bond: formed between a metal and a non-metal by the transfer of electrons
- Ionic bond diagram: dot cross diagram and outer shell diagram
Covalent Bonding
- Covalent bond: formed between two non-metals by sharing electrons
- Covalent bond diagram: dot cross diagram and outer shell diagram
- Properties of covalent compounds: differ from ionic compounds
Chemical Calculations
- Relative molecular mass (Mr): sum of the atomic masses of the atoms in a molecule
- Moles: amount of substance that contains Avogadro's number of particles
- Molar mass: mass of one mole of a substance
- Molar volume: volume of one mole of a gas
- Empirical and molecular formula: different types of formulae to represent a compound
- Percentage composition by mass: calculation of the percentage of each element in a compound
Ceramics and Polymers
- Ceramics: inorganic, non-metallic materials
- Types of ceramics: earthenware, porcelain, and bone china
- Polymers: long chains of molecules formed by repeating units of monomers
- Types of polymers: natural (e.g. proteins, cellulose) and artificial (e.g. nylon, polyethylene)
- Uses and sources of polymers: varied and diverse
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Description
This quiz tests your understanding of atomic structure, including atomic mass and number, protons, neutrons, and electrons. It also covers isotopes and relative atomic mass calculation.
