Atomic Structure and Ions Quiz

What is the total number of electrons in the 24Mg2+ ion?

How many neutrons does the ion 32S2- contain?

What is the charge of an ion with 3 protons and 2 electrons?

If a neutral atom has an atomic number of 9, how many neutrons does an ion of mass number 19, 19F-, contain?

What would be the number of protons in a cation 7Li+?

What particles are considered nucleons in an atom?

What does the atomic number (Z) of an element represent?

In a neutral atom, how does the number of electrons compare to the number of protons?

To calculate the number of neutrons in a neutral atom, which formula is correct?

Which of the following correctly describes the charge of protons and electrons?

What is the relative mass of an electron compared to a proton?

Which nuclear symbol correctly indicates 3 protons and 4 neutrons?

What is the correct interpretation of the mass number (A)?

Atomic Structure and Ions

Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Protons and neutrons (nucleons) are located in the nucleus.
Protons have a positive charge, neutrons are neutral.
Nucleus is small, dense, and contains most of the atom's mass.
Electrons have a negative charge and orbit the nucleus in shells/orbitals.
Most of an atom's volume is empty space.

Subatomic Particle Properties

Proton: Relative mass = 1, Relative charge = +1
Neutron: Relative mass = 1, Relative charge = 0
Electron: Relative mass = 0.0005, Relative charge = -1

Representing Atomic Composition (Nuclear Symbols)

Mass number (A): Total number of nucleons (protons + neutrons).
Atomic number (Z): Number of protons, uniquely identifies the element.
Nuclear symbols concisely represent atomic composition (e.g., ⁷Li).

Determining Subatomic Particle Numbers in Neutral Atoms

Protons: Equal to the atomic number (Z).
Electrons: In a neutral atom, equal to the number of protons.
Neutrons: Calculated by subtracting Z from A.

Ions: Unequal Protons and Electrons

Ions are atoms with a different number of protons and electrons.
Anions: Negatively charged ions; have more electrons than protons.
Cations: Positively charged ions; have fewer electrons than protons.

Determining Subatomic Particle Numbers in Ions

Protons: Still equal to the atomic number (Z).
Electrons: Calculated by adding (anions) or subtracting (cations) the ion's charge from the atomic number.
Neutrons: Calculated by subtracting Z from A.

Test your knowledge of atomic structure, subatomic particles, and their properties. This quiz covers the composition of atoms, the roles of protons, neutrons, and electrons, and how to represent atomic composition using nuclear symbols. Perfect for students studying chemistry!