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Atomic Structure and Elements

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Questions and Answers

An atom is a particle that consists of a nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of ______.

electrons

The atom is the basic particle of the chemical elements, and the chemical elements are distinguished from each other by the number of ______ that are in their atoms.

protons

For example, any atom that contains 11 is sodium, and any atom that contains 29 is copper.

protons

The number of ______ defines the isotope of the element.

neutrons Signup and view all the answers

Atoms are so small that accurately predicting their behavior using classical physics is not possible due to ______ effects.

quantum Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle has a positive electric charge?

Proton (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate size of an atom?

100 picometers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the isotope of an element?

Number of neutrons (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle has a negative electric charge?

Electron (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of an atom's mass is in the nucleus?

More than 99.94% (C) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following branches of science with their descriptions:

Formal sciences = The study of formal systems, such as those under the branches of logic and mathematics Natural sciences = The study of natural phenomena including cosmological, geological, physical, chemical, and biological factors of the universe Social sciences = The study of human behavior in its social and cultural aspects Applied sciences = Based on the fundamental sciences and form the basis of interdisciplinarity Signup and view all the answers

Match the following branches of natural science with their descriptions:

Physical science = Studies non-living systems Life science (or biology) = Studies living organisms Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of scientific knowledge with their descriptions:

Observable phenomena = The basis of scientific knowledge Verifiable by other researchers = A condition that must be met for scientific knowledge Varies within a scientific discipline = A characteristic of the verifiability of scientific knowledge Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of sciences with their roles:

Natural science = Forms the basis of applied sciences Social science = Forms the basis of applied sciences Formal science = Forms the basis of applied sciences Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of sciences with their methodologies:

Formal sciences = Use an a priori, as opposed to empirical, methodology Natural sciences = Use an empirical methodology Social sciences = Use a methodology based on the study of human behavior Signup and view all the answers