Atomic Structure and Crystal Bonding

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Questions and Answers

What is the coordination number of atoms in the FCC metal crystal structure?

  • 10
  • 6
  • 8 (correct)
  • 4

Which isomeric state has all pendant groups on the same side of the polymer chain?

  • Atactic
  • Syndiotactic
  • Isotactic (correct)
  • Cis

In a copolymer, what type occurs when monomer units are arranged in a regular ABAB pattern?

  • Block
  • Random
  • Graft
  • Alternating (correct)

What defines tacticity in polymer structures?

<p>The arrangement of side groups along the polymer chain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the molecular weight of a polymer represent?

<p>The mass of a single polymer chain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of point defect occurs when an atom occupies an empty lattice site?

<p>Interstitial defect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The presence of both cation and anion vacancies is indicative of which type of defect?

<p>Schottky defect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic best describes a screw dislocation?

<p>It involves a helical ramp resulting from shear deformation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary particles that make up an atom's nucleus?

<p>Protons and neutrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the electronegativity of an atom indicate?

<p>Its tendency to attract electrons in a chemical bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle is responsible for determining the chemical properties of an element?

<p>Electron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about bonding force at the equilibrium bond length is correct?

<p>The bonding force is a minimum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed when there is a large difference in electronegativity between two atoms?

<p>Ionic bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many atoms are effectively contained within a single unit cell of a Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP) crystal structure?

<p>3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Close-packed crystal structures are characterized by:

<p>Maximum packing efficiency of atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metal crystal structure has atoms at all eight corners of the unit cell and one atom at the center of the cell?

<p>BCC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Atomic Structure and Bonding

  • An atom's nucleus is primarily composed of protons and neutrons.
  • Electronegativity measures an atom's tendency to attract electrons during a chemical bond.
  • Electrons are the subatomic particles that determine an element's chemical properties.
  • At equilibrium bond length, the bonding force between atoms is minimized.
  • A large difference in electronegativity between two atoms typically results in an ionic bond.

Crystal Structures

  • In a Hexagonal Close-Packed (HCP) crystal structure, three atoms are effectively contained within a single unit cell.
  • Close-packed crystal structures are defined by maximum packing efficiency of atoms.
  • The Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) structure contains atoms at each of its eight corners and one atom at the center of the unit cell.
  • In the BCC structure, two atoms are effectively contained within a single unit cell.
  • The coordination number in Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) metal crystal structures is eight.

Polymer Chemistry

  • The isotactic arrangement in polymers has all pendant groups on the same side of the chain.
  • An alternating copolymer features monomer units arranged in a regular ABAB pattern.
  • Copolymers are formed from the polymerization of two or more different monomers.
  • Tacticity refers to the arrangement of side groups along the polymer chain.
  • The molecular weight of a polymer is defined as the mass of a single polymer chain.

Point Defects

  • An interstitial defect occurs when an atom occupies an empty lattice site between normal lattice points.
  • Schottky defects involve the presence of both cation and anion vacancies.
  • Point defects are localized disturbances that occur at crystallographic planes.
  • A screw dislocation is characterized by a helical ramp resulting from shear deformation within the crystal structure.

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