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Questions and Answers
What is the basic structure of an atom?
What is the basic structure of an atom?
- Central nucleus surrounded by electrons (correct)
- Central electrons surrounded by a nucleus
- Central nucleus surrounded by protons
- Central protons surrounded by neutrons
What are the two types of particles found in the nucleus of an atom?
What are the two types of particles found in the nucleus of an atom?
- Protons and neutrons (correct)
- Protons and electrons
- Neutrons and electrons
- Electrons and protons
Which particle in the atom has a negative charge?
Which particle in the atom has a negative charge?
- Electrons (correct)
- Nucleus
- Protons
- Neutrons
What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?
What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?
What is the charge of protons?
What is the charge of protons?
What is the charge of neutrons?
What is the charge of neutrons?
What is the charge of electrons?
What is the charge of electrons?
What is the size of the mass of electrons compared to protons and neutrons?
What is the size of the mass of electrons compared to protons and neutrons?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
What does the mass number of an element tell us?
What does the mass number of an element tell us?
What is the charge of an ion with two extra electrons?
What is the charge of an ion with two extra electrons?
What happens when an atom loses electrons?
What happens when an atom loses electrons?
How many protons does a lithium atom have?
How many protons does a lithium atom have?
What is the charge of an ion with one extra electron?
What is the charge of an ion with one extra electron?
What is the most correct analogy for the structure of an atom?
What is the most correct analogy for the structure of an atom?
What happens to an atom when it loses or gains electrons?
What happens to an atom when it loses or gains electrons?
What is the relationship between the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom?
What is the relationship between the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom?
How many electrons does a neutral oxygen atom have?
How many electrons does a neutral oxygen atom have?
What is the overall charge of an atom with one less electron than protons?
What is the overall charge of an atom with one less electron than protons?
What does the elemental symbol represent in a nuclear symbol?
What does the elemental symbol represent in a nuclear symbol?
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Study Notes
Atomic Structure
- The basic structure of an atom consists of a nucleus with protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
Nucleus
- The nucleus contains two types of particles: protons and neutrons.
Charges of Particles
- Electrons have a negative charge.
- Protons have a positive charge.
- Neutrons have no charge.
Mass of Particles
- The relative mass of protons and neutrons is equal.
- The mass of electrons is significantly smaller compared to protons and neutrons.
Atomic Number and Mass Number
- The atomic number of oxygen is 8.
- The mass number of an element tells us the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Ions
- An ion with two extra electrons has a negative charge of 2-.
- An ion with one extra electron has a negative charge of 1-.
- When an atom loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged ion.
- When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged ion.
Atomic Properties
- A lithium atom has 3 protons.
- In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
- A neutral oxygen atom has 8 electrons.
- An atom with one less electron than protons has a positive charge of 1+.
Analogies and Representation
- A suitable analogy for the structure of an atom is a planetary model, where electrons orbit the nucleus.
- The elemental symbol in a nuclear symbol represents the element and its atomic number.
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