Atomic Structure and Composition Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the basic structure of an atom?

Central nucleus surrounded by electrons (correct)

Central electrons surrounded by a nucleus

Central nucleus surrounded by protons

Central protons surrounded by neutrons

What are the two types of particles found in the nucleus of an atom?

Protons and neutrons (correct)

Protons and electrons

Neutrons and electrons

Electrons and protons

Which particle in the atom has a negative charge?

Electrons (correct)

Nucleus

Protons

Neutrons

What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?

Both have a relative mass of one Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of protons?

Positive Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of neutrons?

Neutral Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of electrons?

Negative Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the mass of electrons compared to protons and neutrons?

Electrons have a mass 2000 times smaller than protons and neutrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of oxygen?

8 Signup and view all the answers

What does the mass number of an element tell us?

Total number of neutrons and protons Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of an ion with two extra electrons?

2- Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an atom loses electrons?

It becomes positively charged Signup and view all the answers

How many protons does a lithium atom have?

3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of an ion with one extra electron?

1- Signup and view all the answers

What is the most correct analogy for the structure of an atom?

A solar system with a central star and orbiting planets Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an atom when it loses or gains electrons?

It becomes a charged particle Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom?

They are always equal Signup and view all the answers

How many electrons does a neutral oxygen atom have?

8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall charge of an atom with one less electron than protons?

1+ Signup and view all the answers

What does the elemental symbol represent in a nuclear symbol?

Number of protons Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Atomic Structure

The basic structure of an atom consists of a nucleus with protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.

Nucleus

The nucleus contains two types of particles: protons and neutrons.

Charges of Particles

Electrons have a negative charge.
Protons have a positive charge.
Neutrons have no charge.

Mass of Particles

The relative mass of protons and neutrons is equal.
The mass of electrons is significantly smaller compared to protons and neutrons.

Atomic Number and Mass Number

The atomic number of oxygen is 8.
The mass number of an element tells us the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Ions

An ion with two extra electrons has a negative charge of 2-.
An ion with one extra electron has a negative charge of 1-.
When an atom loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged ion.
When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged ion.

Atomic Properties

A lithium atom has 3 protons.
In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
A neutral oxygen atom has 8 electrons.
An atom with one less electron than protons has a positive charge of 1+.

Analogies and Representation

A suitable analogy for the structure of an atom is a planetary model, where electrons orbit the nucleus.
The elemental symbol in a nuclear symbol represents the element and its atomic number.

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Description

Test your knowledge of atoms and their composition with this quiz. Explore the basic building blocks of all matter and delve into the fascinating world of atomic structure and elements. Discover the fundamental particles that make up atoms and their role in the composition of cells and living organisms.