Atomic Structure and Charges Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is mass?

  • The downward force acting upon an object due to gravity
  • The measurement of how much matter and weight make up an object
  • The amount of matter in an object (correct)
  • The same whether an object resides on Earth, Mars, or in outer space

How is weight defined?

  • The measurement of how much matter and weight make up an object
  • The amount of matter in an object
  • The downward force acting upon an object due to gravity (correct)
  • The same whether an object resides on Earth, Mars, or in outer space

In what units do scientists usually measure mass?

  • Grams (correct)
  • Pounds
  • Kilograms
  • Newtons

In what units do scientists usually measure weight?

<p>Newtons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is weight the same everywhere?

<p>No (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is there confusion regarding the difference between mass and weight?

<p>Because the terms 'mass' and 'weight' are often used synonymously and improperly in everyday language (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between mass and weight?

<p>Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force exerted on the object due to gravity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does gravity affect objects?

<p>Gravity depends on the mass of an object and the distance between objects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the strength of the gravitational force between two objects?

<p>The mass and distance between the objects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does mass relate to acceleration according to Newton's second law?

<p>Mass and acceleration are inversely proportional to each other. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a person's weight influenced by?

<p>Both their mass and location (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a gravitational field represent?

<p>The force of gravity in a region of space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do objects with small masses have weak gravitational fields?

<p>As a result of the product of the two masses in the gravitational force equation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of gravity in the formation of the solar system?

<p>It caused the collision and aggregation of small objects to form larger, more massive objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do planets orbit the sun rather than the other way around?

<p>Due to the greater mass and stronger gravitational field of the sun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do people feel Earth's gravity but not the gravitational fields of other planets?

<p>As a result of the inverse square law of gravitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are planets and stars roughly spherical in shape?

<p>Because they are pulled inward by the radial gravitational attraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines an atom's elemental identity and many of its properties?

<p>The number of protons in its nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes water different from hydrogen and oxygen?

<p>Water cannot be broken down into other substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the reactivity of an element and many of its properties?

<p>The location of electrons in the electron cloud (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between metals and non-metals?

<p>Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity, while non-metals are poor conductors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an atom made up of?

<p>Protons, neutrons, and electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes each element unique?

<p>The number of protons in the nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a compound in chemistry?

<p>Substances directly bonded to one another and can be separated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of an electron?

<p>-1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the first major atomic model and described atoms as the fundamental unit of matter?

<p>Democritus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Ernest Rutherford discover about the structure of the atom?

<p>Atoms contain a small, heavy core surrounded by a significant volume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element has the atomic symbol 'C' and the atomic number 6?

<p>Carbon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the cloud model of the atom, stating that electrons travel in a cloud around the nucleus?

<p>Erwin Schrodinger (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines an atom's chemical and physical properties?

<p>The number of protons in the nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an element primarily made of?

<p>One specific type of atom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of substances can be broken down into separate elements?

<p>Compounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?

<p>Molecules are made of two or more atoms of the same element, compounds are not (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are mixtures composed of?

<p>Various elements and compounds not attached to one another (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are chemical bonds best described as?

<p>Forces that hold the atoms of molecules and compounds together (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an ionic bond?

<p>Formed by the electrostatic attraction between ions with opposite charges (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between ionic and covalent compounds?

<p>Ionic compounds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent compounds involve sharing electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound requires more energy to break its bonds?

<p>Ionic compounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between compounds and elements?

<p>Compounds are made of only one specific type of atom, while elements are composed of atoms of two or more different elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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