Atomic Structure and Charges Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is mass?

  • The downward force acting upon an object due to gravity
  • The measurement of how much matter and weight make up an object
  • The amount of matter in an object (correct)
  • The same whether an object resides on Earth, Mars, or in outer space

    • How is weight defined?

  • The measurement of how much matter and weight make up an object
  • The amount of matter in an object
  • The downward force acting upon an object due to gravity (correct)
  • The same whether an object resides on Earth, Mars, or in outer space

    • In what units do scientists usually measure mass?

  • Grams (correct)
  • Pounds
  • Kilograms
  • Newtons

    • In what units do scientists usually measure weight?

    <p>Newtons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is weight the same everywhere?

    <p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is there confusion regarding the difference between mass and weight?

    <p>Because the terms 'mass' and 'weight' are often used synonymously and improperly in everyday language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between mass and weight?

    <p>Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force exerted on the object due to gravity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does gravity affect objects?

    <p>Gravity depends on the mass of an object and the distance between objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the strength of the gravitational force between two objects?

    <p>The mass and distance between the objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does mass relate to acceleration according to Newton's second law?

    <p>Mass and acceleration are inversely proportional to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a person's weight influenced by?

    <p>Both their mass and location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a gravitational field represent?

    <p>The force of gravity in a region of space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do objects with small masses have weak gravitational fields?

    <p>As a result of the product of the two masses in the gravitational force equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of gravity in the formation of the solar system?

    <p>It caused the collision and aggregation of small objects to form larger, more massive objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do planets orbit the sun rather than the other way around?

    <p>Due to the greater mass and stronger gravitational field of the sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do people feel Earth's gravity but not the gravitational fields of other planets?

    <p>As a result of the inverse square law of gravitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are planets and stars roughly spherical in shape?

    <p>Because they are pulled inward by the radial gravitational attraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines an atom's elemental identity and many of its properties?

    <p>The number of protons in its nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes water different from hydrogen and oxygen?

    <p>Water cannot be broken down into other substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the reactivity of an element and many of its properties?

    <p>The location of electrons in the electron cloud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between metals and non-metals?

    <p>Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity, while non-metals are poor conductors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an atom made up of?

    <p>Protons, neutrons, and electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes each element unique?

    <p>The number of protons in the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a compound in chemistry?

    <p>Substances directly bonded to one another and can be separated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of an electron?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed the first major atomic model and described atoms as the fundamental unit of matter?

    <p>Democritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Ernest Rutherford discover about the structure of the atom?

    <p>Atoms contain a small, heavy core surrounded by a significant volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element has the atomic symbol 'C' and the atomic number 6?

    <p>Carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the cloud model of the atom, stating that electrons travel in a cloud around the nucleus?

    <p>Erwin Schrodinger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines an atom's chemical and physical properties?

    <p>The number of protons in the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an element primarily made of?

    <p>One specific type of atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of substances can be broken down into separate elements?

    <p>Compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?

    <p>Molecules are made of two or more atoms of the same element, compounds are not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are mixtures composed of?

    <p>Various elements and compounds not attached to one another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are chemical bonds best described as?

    <p>Forces that hold the atoms of molecules and compounds together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes an ionic bond?

    <p>Formed by the electrostatic attraction between ions with opposite charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between ionic and covalent compounds?

    <p>Ionic compounds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent compounds involve sharing electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound requires more energy to break its bonds?

    <p>Ionic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between compounds and elements?

    <p>Compounds are made of only one specific type of atom, while elements are composed of atoms of two or more different elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

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