Atomic Combination and Chemical Reactions

Atomic Combination

Types of Atomic Combinations:

• Molecules: A group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
• Compounds: A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more different elements.
• Mixtures: A physical blend of two or more substances, where each substance retains its chemical properties.

Laws of Atomic Combination:

• Law of Definite Proportions: A chemical compound always contains the same proportion of elements by mass, regardless of its source.
• Law of Multiple Proportions: When two elements form multiple compounds, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element are in a simple whole-number ratio.

Types of Chemical Bonds:

• Ionic Bonds: Formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms, resulting in positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions).
• Covalent Bonds: Formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.
• Polar Covalent Bonds: A type of covalent bond where the sharing of electrons is unequal, resulting in a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other.

Atomic Combination and Chemical Reactions:

• Synthesis Reaction: A reaction where two or more substances combine to form a new compound.
• Decomposition Reaction: A reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more substances.
• Replacement Reaction: A reaction where one element replaces another element in a compound.