Atomic and Nuclear Physics - Electron Diffraction

A property of particles (like electrons) that suggests they can behave like waves, displaying characteristics like interference and diffraction.

The equation that relates a particle's momentum (mass times velocity) to its wavelength, demonstrating the wave-like nature of particles.

A technique used to study the wave-like nature of electrons by observing their diffraction patterns, which is characteristic of waves passing through a grating.

An experiment utilizing electron diffraction to measure the wavelength of electrons, verifying De Broglie's equation and demonstrating the wave-like nature of particles.

The arrangement of atoms or molecules in a crystalline structure, forming distinct planes that can diffract waves (like electrons) in a specific pattern.

A principle stating that every point on a wavefront can be considered a source of secondary wavelets that spread out in all directions. These wavelets interfere with each other, creating a new wavefront.

The angle at which a wave is incident on a surface is equal to the angle at which it is reflected.

The difference in path length traveled by two waves, which determines whether they interfere constructively or destructively.

The condition that must be met for constructive interference to occur when waves are diffracted by a crystal lattice.

The angle at which a diffracted wave exits a crystal lattice, measured from the surface of the crystal.

A material composed of many small crystals randomly oriented in all directions.

The distance between two adjacent crystal planes in a material.

Concentric circles observed on a screen due to the diffraction of waves by a polycrystalline material.

The distance between the graphite foil and the screen where the diffraction pattern is observed.

The diameter of the concentric rings observed on the screen due to electron diffraction.

The angle of diffraction, which is the angle between the incident beam and the diffracted beam.

A constant that relates the diameter of the diffraction rings to the accelerating voltage, it depends on various setup parameters like the distance between the foil and screen, Planck's constant, and the spacing of the crystal lattice.

The equation that describes the relationship between the diameter of diffraction rings (D), the accelerating voltage (U), and the constant (k), implying that the larger the voltage, the smaller the diameter of the rings.

The acceleration of electrons due to a voltage difference. It is described by the relationship between the kinetic energy of electrons (1/2 * m * v^2) and the potential energy gained due to voltage (q * U), where the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.

The distinct planes in a crystal structure that cause diffraction for electrons. They are characterized by their spacing (d), which influences the angles of diffraction depending on the wavelength of the electrons.

The potential difference across the electron diffraction tube should not exceed 5 keV to prevent damage. Higher voltages can harm the tube.

Never operate the electron diffraction tube without a grounded anode. This ensures proper electrical grounding and safety.

Always use a high-voltage power supply specifically designed for electron diffraction tubes, like the 10 kV model (521 70).

The electron diffraction tube is made of thin-walled glass and can implode if subjected to mechanical stress. Handle it carefully and avoid dropping it.

Never apply excessive voltage or current to the electron diffraction tube. This could result in damage or destruction.

Always follow the operating parameters and specifications provided in the technical data sheet.

Treat the contact pins carefully and ensure they are properly connected to avoid any damage.

The electron diffraction tube should be securely mounted in the tube stand during operation.

The ability of particles, like electrons, to exhibit wave-like properties such as diffraction and interference.

The experiment that verifies the wave-like nature of electrons by observing the diffraction patterns they create when interacting with a crystal lattice.

The specific pattern produced when waves, such as electrons, interact with a periodic structure like a crystal lattice.

A technique used to examine the wave-like nature of electrons by observing their diffraction patterns, which is characteristic of waves traveling through a grating.

The arrangement of atoms or molecules in a crystalline structure, forming distinct planes that can diffract waves (like electrons) in a specific pattern.

The equation that relates a particle's momentum (mass times velocity) to its wavelength, highlighting the wave-like nature of particles.

The changing of the direction of an electron beam using a magnetic field.

The distance between the graphite foil and the screen in the Debye-Scherrer Diffraction experiment.

The distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave.

The rate at which a wave repeats itself, measured in Hertz (Hz) which represents cycles per second.

A phenomenon where waves bend around obstacles or spread out through an opening.

A pattern of bright and dark bands formed when waves interfere with each other.

A device that accelerates electrons to a specific energy level.