Hamdan - Physiology
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Hamdan - Physiology

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Questions and Answers

What kind of disease does any obstruction in the conductive zone lead to?

  • Asthma
  • Pulmonary Hypertension
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (correct)
  • Pulmonary Fibrosis
  • What is the purpose of prescribing Bronchodilation drugs for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

  • To decrease resistance in the airways (correct)
  • To clear mucus from the lungs
  • To reduce lung compliance
  • To increase resistance in the airways
  • Which disease is primarily associated with difficulties in the respiratory zone, such as pulmonary fibrosis?

  • Pulmonary Hypertension
  • Pulmonary Fibrosis (correct)
  • Asthma
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
  • What is the term used to describe the responsiveness of a structure to deformation by force?

    <p>Compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what percentage are vascular zone diseases categorized according to the text?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical zone is referred to as the dead space?

    <p>Conductive zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does restriction typically relate to in terms of lung diseases?

    <p>Respiratory zone diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if there is any obstruction in the conductive zone?

    <p>'It leads to an obstructive disease'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas will diffuse easier through a biological membrane according to the information provided?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In respiratory failure type 1, which gas is primarily affected?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does oxygen primarily diffuse from in the circulation system?

    <p>Arterioles to interstitial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the PO2 in pulmonary capillaries according to the provided information?

    <p>40mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the space between cells and capillaries known as?

    <p>Interstitial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of blood volume is in systemic capillaries according to the information provided?

    <p>7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much water is outside cells in our body according to the information provided?

    <p>14 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does oxygen primarily diffuse from in systemic circulation according to the information provided?

    <p>Interstitium to cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system in the conductive zone?

    <p>Filtration of air and humidification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the partial pressure of water vapor ($P_{H_2O}$) in the respiratory system at 37°C?

    <p>47 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the partial pressure of oxygen ($P_{O_2}$) in the alveoli?

    <p>100 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the partial pressure of nitrogen ($P_{N_2}$) in the respiratory system?

    <p>It contributes to the total pressure but has no physiological role</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total pressure in the conductive zone?

    <p>760 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide ($P_{CO_2}$) in the alveoli?

    <p>40 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the partial pressures of gases in the respiratory system?

    <p>The partial pressure of oxygen ($P_{O_2}$) in the alveoli is higher than in the conductive zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following gases can be used to form biological compounds?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the atmospheric pressure for a person standing on top of Mount Everest, which is 8,888m above sea level?

    <p>$226 \mathrm{mmHg}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) at the top of Mount Everest?

    <p>$45 \mathrm{mmHg}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is high altitude considered one of the main reasons for hypoxia?

    <p>Decreased atmospheric pressure leads to decreased oxygen availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the conductive zone of the respiratory system?

    <p>Providing a pathway for air to move in and out of the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the given text, how is the resistance (R) in the airways related to the radius (r) of the airways?

    <p>R is inversely proportional to r^4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the respiratory zone of the respiratory system?

    <p>To facilitate gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the viscosity () of the blood and the resistance (R) in the airways?

    <p>R is directly proportional to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the length (L) of the airways affect the resistance (R) in the respiratory system?

    <p>R is directly proportional to L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pressure of O2 at sea level based on the information provided?

    <p>160mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does altitude affect atmospheric pressure according to the text?

    <p>Atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the atmospheric pressure when moving from sea level to a height of 5500m?

    <p>Halves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of CO2 on atmospheric pressure based on the information given?

    <p>Negligible effect on atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does altitude affect the values of PO2, PN2, and Patm based on the text?

    <p>All values decrease proportionally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atmospheric pressure at a building located 11km above sea level?

    <p>190mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of PN2 at an altitude of 5500m based on the information provided?

    <p>&gt;400mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the effect on PN2 if the height of a building is doubled from 5.5Km to 11Km above sea level?

    <p>Halves</p> Signup and view all the answers

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