Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with plant roots?
Which gas is a major contributor to global warming?
Which layer of the Earth is described as a dense liquid?
What term is used for the vibrations that travel through Earth during an earthquake?
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Which of the following describes the biosphere?
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Which cycle involves the breakdown of rocks to release an element for biological use?
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What is the shape of the Earth described as a slightly flattened sphere?
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What is measured as the force of gravity acting on an object?
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What is the term for the solid but bendable part of the mantle?
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Which zone is referred to as the outermost compositional zone of the Earth?
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What is the main process described that transfers elements from the atmosphere to soil and living organisms?
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Which of the following describes the amount of matter in an object?
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What term describes all the water at and near the surface of the Earth?
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Study Notes
Atmospheric Gases
- Common forms of nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen in the atmosphere are gases.
- Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms like ammonia and nitrates for plants.
Carbon Compounds and Global Warming
- Carbon dioxide is a significant contributor to global warming.
- Methane also contributes to greenhouse gas effects.
- Burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Definitions of Key Terms
- Phosphorous Cycle: A natural cycle involving the movement of phosphorus through rocks, biosphere, and hydrosphere.
- Biosphere: The part of Earth where life exists, encompassing land, water, and atmosphere.
- Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space.
- Gravity: The force of attraction between objects, determined by their masses and distance apart.
- Outer Core: The liquid layer of the Earth's core.
- Inner Core: The dense, solid inner layer of the Earth's core.
- Oblate: Describes Earth's shape, which is slightly flattened.
- Compositional Zones: Three zones of the Earth’s interior defined by chemical properties.
- Structural Zones: Five physical property-based zones within Earth’s interior.
- Seismic Waves: Vibrations that carry energy released during earthquakes.
- Magnetosphere: The region around Earth influenced by its magnetic field.
- Atmosphere: A gas mixture surrounding a planet or moon, affected by gravity.
- Core: The structural zone located in the middle of the Earth.
- Athenosphere: The plastic, bendable portion of the mantle.
- Mesosphere: The solid, outer part of the Earth, including the crust and upper mantle.
Cycles of Matter
- Water Cycle: Involves the transfer of water from the atmosphere to the surface and back, changing between solid, liquid, and gas.
- Phosphorous Cycle: Transfers phosphorus from the atmosphere to soil, living organisms, and back to the atmosphere.
Composition of Earth
- Crust: The outermost layer of the Earth.
- Inner Core: The innermost layer of the Earth, solid in form.
- Mantle: The middle layer composed of rock.
Additional Key Concepts
- Mass: A measure of the amount of matter in an object.
- Energy: The ability to perform work.
- Hydrosphere: All water at and near Earth’s surface, with 97% found in oceans.
- Geosphere: Refers to the solid, rocky part of the Earth from the center of the core to the crust.
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Description
This quiz explores the various gases present in the atmosphere, focusing on nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen. It also examines the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the contribution of carbon dioxide and methane to global warming. Test your knowledge on these essential atmospheric components!
