Astronomy: Understanding Constellations
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of 1 parsec in terms of parallax angle?

  • The distance to a star that has a parallax angle of 0.1 arc-seconds
  • The distance to a star that has a parallax angle of one arc-second (correct)
  • The distance to a star that has a parallax angle of 10 arc-seconds
  • The distance to a star that has a parallax angle of 0.01 arc-seconds

What is the approximate diameter of the observable universe?

  • 9 × 10^10 ly (correct)
  • 9 × 10^12 ly
  • 9 × 10^11 ly
  • 9 × 10^9 ly

How many stars are there approximately in a big galaxy?

  • 10^12 (correct)
  • 10^10
  • 10^11
  • 10^13

What is the conversion factor from AU to ly?

<p>1 AU = 1.5 ly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of distance used to measure distances to the most distant galaxies?

<p>Gpc (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the speed of light a limiting factor in observing the universe?

<p>Because light takes a long time to travel long distances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to radiation as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere?

<p>It may be absorbed, refracted, or scattered (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do we see blue skies and red sunsets?

<p>Because of the atmosphere's effect on light wavelengths (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do astronomers prefer to site optical telescopes on the tops of mountains?

<p>To reduce the adverse effects of the atmosphere on images (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate height of the Earth's atmosphere?

<p>100 km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been the advantage of using telescopes on orbiting satellites?

<p>They have greatly increased the resolution of images from space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the famous telescope that was launched in 1990?

<p>The Hubble telescope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence?

<p>Studying planetary systems like our own solar system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many planetary systems had been identified by the start of 2014?

<p>More than one thousand (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of identifying patterns of stars in the night sky?

<p>To distinguish different parts of the night sky (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about Kepler 186f?

<p>It is the most Earth-like planet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the stars within a constellation have in common?

<p>Nothing, they are arbitrary patterns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why objects in our solar system are visible?

<p>They reflect the Sun's radiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a planetary system?

<p>A collection of non-stellar masses orbiting a star (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate age of the Sun and the Earth?

<p>4.5 billion years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a planet and a star?

<p>The mass of the celestial body, which determines if nuclear fusion occurs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for objects orbiting around planets?

<p>Moons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the additional criterion used to distinguish planets from smaller orbiting masses?

<p>The planet has cleared its neighbourhood of smaller masses close to its orbit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process believed to have formed planetary systems?

<p>The same process as the formation of stars (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the wavelength of the light emitted?

<p>6.6 × 10 –7 m (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a paradigm in scientific terms?

<p>A pattern of beliefs and practices that define a particular branch of science (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who popularized the phrase 'paradigm shift'?

<p>Thomas Kuhn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a paradigm in this chapter?

<p>The Earth is at the centre of the universe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the phrase 'paradigm shift' first popularized?

<p>The early 1960s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the phrase 'paradigm shift' used to describe?

<p>Changes in scientific beliefs and practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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