Astronomy Quiz: Meteors and Planets

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of longitude?

To determine the local climate

To determine the Earth's revolution

To determine the local time in relation to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) (correct)

To determine the Earth's rotation

What is the significance of the International Date Line (IDL)?

It is the line that separates the Eastern and Western hemispheres

It determines the local time in a region

It is the line that passes through the equator

It is the longitude where the date changes by exactly one day when it is crossed (correct)

What is the result of the Earth's rotation?

Causation of day and night, tides (correct)

Formation of mountains

Formation of oceans

Change of seasons

What is the composition of the upper part of the crust according to Eduard Suess?

SIAL (Silicon-Aluminium) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate mass of the Earth?

5.976 × 10^24 kg Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the Earth's revolution around the Sun?

One year Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Prime Meridian?

It is the line that passes through Greenwich near London, divides the Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in time corresponding to a 1° change of longitude?

4 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What are the three major layers of the Earth's interior?

Crust, mantle, core Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the party formed by Motilal Nehru, CR Das, and NC Kelkar in 1923?

Swaraj Party Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason for the opposition to the Simon Commission in 1927?

It was only composed of British members Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Dandi March in 1930?

It saw countrywide mass participation by women Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the First Round Table Conference in 1931?

It failed due to the absence of the Indian National Congress Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the clash between the mob and the police at Chauri-Chaura in 1922?

The Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn Signup and view all the answers

Who was severely beaten in a lathi-charge and later succumbed to death?

Lala Lajpat Rai Signup and view all the answers

Where was the Ghadar Party formed?

San Francisco Signup and view all the answers

Who started the Home Rule Movement in 1916?

Annie Besant and S Subramania Iyer Signup and view all the answers

What was the objective of the Home Rule Movement?

Self-government for India in the British Empire Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Lucknow Pact?

The Congress accepted separate electorate for Muslims Signup and view all the answers

What was the basis of the Montague-Chelmsford reforms?

The August Declaration Signup and view all the answers

What was the reaction against the Rowlatt Act?

The Rowlatt Satyagraha Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Deccan Education Society established in 1884?

To contribute to education and culture in Western India Signup and view all the answers

Who was the founder of the Theosophical Society established in 1875?

Madam HP Blavatsky and Col HS Olcott Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary aim of the Seva Sadan established in 1885?

To fight against child marriages and forced widowhood Signup and view all the answers

Who was the founder of the Ramkrishna Mission established in 1897?

Vivekananda Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Bharat Stri Mahamandal established in 1910?

To promote women's education and emancipation Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary aim of the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College established in 1875?

To promote scientific and national outlook Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Meteoroids and Meteorites

Meteoroids are fragments of rocks that come towards the Earth, formed due to collisions among asteroids.
Meteoroids that do not burn up completely in the Earth's atmosphere and land on the Earth are called meteorites.
Meteorites are composed of a nickel-iron alloy (10% nickel and 90% iron) and silicate minerals.

Classification of Planets

Inner Planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, also known as Terrestrial or Rocky planets, are closer to the Sun.
Outer Planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, also known as Jovian or Gaseous planets, are farther away from the Sun.

Dwarf Planets

A dwarf planet is a celestial body in direct orbit of the Sun, massive enough to be controlled by gravitational forces, but has not cleared its neighborhood.
Examples of dwarf planets: Pluto, Ceres, Eris, Makemake, and Haumea.

Astronomical Units

A light year is the distance light travels in one year at a speed of 3 × 10^8 m/s.
An astronomical unit (AU) is the mean distance between the Earth and the Sun.

Earth's Structure

The Earth is an oblate spheroid, slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator.
The Earth's perihelion is the nearest position to the Sun, and its aphelion is the farthest position from the Sun.

The Moon

The Moon's diameter is approximately 3476 km.
The Moon's average distance from the Earth is approximately 384,365 km.
The Moon's rotation speed is 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes, and 11.47 seconds.
The time taken by moonlight to reach the Earth is 1.3 seconds.

The Solar System

The solar system consists of the Sun, eight planets, their satellites, and thousands of smaller heavenly bodies like asteroids, comets, and meteors.
The Sun is at the center of the solar system, and all bodies revolve around it.
The Sun is the nearest star to the Earth.

Facts about the Sun

The Sun's average distance from the Earth is approximately 149,598,900 km.
The Sun's diameter is approximately 1,391,980 km.
The Sun's core temperature is approximately 15,000,000°C.
The Sun's rotation speed is 25.38 days (with respect to the equator) and 33 days (with respect to the poles).
The time taken by sunlight to reach the Earth is 8 minutes and 16.6 seconds.

Interesting Facts about the Universe

Jupiter is the biggest planet.
Ganymede (Jupiter) is the biggest satellite.
Earth is the blue planet.
Uranus is the green planet.
Venus is the brightest planet.
Sirius (Dog Star) is the brightest planet outside the solar system.
Proxima Centauri is the closest star to the solar system.
Neptune is the coldest planet.
Venus is the morning star and evening star.
Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun.
Jupiter has the maximum number of satellites.
Saturn has the fastest revolution in the solar system.
Mercury is the hottest planet.
Mercury is the densest planet.
Mercury has the fastest rotation in the solar system.
Deimos (Mars) is the smallest satellite.
Titan has an atmosphere like Earth.

Asteroids

Asteroids are small planetary bodies that revolve around the Sun and are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

The Earth's Interior

The Earth's interior is composed of three major layers: the crust, the mantle, and the core.
Eduard Suess explained the interior of the Earth based on chemical composition as SIAL, SIMA, and NIFE.

Rotation and Revolution of the Earth

The Earth spins on its imaginary axis from West to East in one day, resulting in day and night, and tides.
The Earth's motion in an elliptical orbit around the Sun in one year results in changes of seasons.

Statistics Data of the Earth

Longitudes (Meridians) are a series of semicircles that run from pole to pole, passing through the equator.
The Prime Meridian passes through Greenwich near London, dividing the Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres.
The International Date Line (IDL) is the longitude where the date changes by exactly one day when it is crossed.

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Description

Test your knowledge of meteors, meteorites, and the classification of planets in our solar system.