Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the class of the most elongated elliptical galaxies?
What is the class of the most elongated elliptical galaxies?
E7
What is the class of the most circular elliptical galaxies?
What is the class of the most circular elliptical galaxies?
E0
What type of galaxy has a mix of young and old stars, an abundant amount of gas and dust, ongoing star formation, and a definitive shape?
What type of galaxy has a mix of young and old stars, an abundant amount of gas and dust, ongoing star formation, and a definitive shape?
Spiral Galaxies
What type of galaxy has only old stars, little to no gas and dust, and no star formation?
What type of galaxy has only old stars, little to no gas and dust, and no star formation?
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A(n) __________ type galaxy is _________________ with elongated central regions.
A(n) __________ type galaxy is _________________ with elongated central regions.
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_______________ galaxies contain mostly Population II stars, while ________________ galaxies contain both Population I and Population II stars.
_______________ galaxies contain mostly Population II stars, while ________________ galaxies contain both Population I and Population II stars.
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_______________ galaxies have smaller nuclei and loosely wound arms compared to _______________ galaxies.
_______________ galaxies have smaller nuclei and loosely wound arms compared to _______________ galaxies.
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The accurate determination of star distances by the method of standard candles requires accurate knowledge of the __________________ of the standard candle.
The accurate determination of star distances by the method of standard candles requires accurate knowledge of the __________________ of the standard candle.
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Hubble's law implies that the ___________ galaxies have larger ____________ in their spectral lines.
Hubble's law implies that the ___________ galaxies have larger ____________ in their spectral lines.
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Hubble's law is not applicable to ________________ because the motion of these galaxies is affected by ______________.
Hubble's law is not applicable to ________________ because the motion of these galaxies is affected by ______________.
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What are the main differences between spiral and barred spiral galaxies? What are irregular galaxies?
What are the main differences between spiral and barred spiral galaxies? What are irregular galaxies?
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List two methods for determining the distances to galaxies and discuss their limitations.
List two methods for determining the distances to galaxies and discuss their limitations.
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Study Notes
Types of Elliptical Galaxies
- E7 class represents the most elongated elliptical galaxies.
- E0 class represents the most circular elliptical galaxies.
Spiral Galaxies
- Characterized by a mix of young and old stars, rich in gas and dust.
- Ongoing star formation is present, and they exhibit a defined spiral shape.
Elliptical Galaxies
- Composed primarily of old stars with minimal gas and dust.
- Lack ongoing star formation and generally appear more uniform.
Spiral and Barred Spiral Galaxies
- Spiral galaxies have two or more arms winding out from the center.
- Barred spiral galaxies feature arms that extend from the ends of a central elongated bar.
Population of Stars in Galaxies
- Elliptical galaxies predominantly contain Population II stars.
- Spiral galaxies feature both Population I and Population II stars.
Structural Differences in Spiral Galaxies
- Sd galaxies have smaller nuclei and loosely wound arms compared to Sc galaxies, which possess tightly wound arms.
Determining Star Distances
- The method of standard candles requires precise knowledge of the luminosity of the standard candle for accurate distance measurement.
Hubble's Law
- Suggests that more distant galaxies exhibit larger redshifts in their spectral lines.
- Hubble's law is not applicable to galaxies in the Local Group due to gravitational interactions with the Milky Way.
Irregular Galaxies
- Lack distinct arms or uniform shape, containing a mix of stars and gas clouds.
Distance Measurement Methods
- Cepheid variable stars have luminosity proportional to their light variation, allowing distance determination through observed light changes.
- A star's recession velocity is tied to its distance, measurable through redshift, and can be utilized with Hubble's law to ascertain distance.
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Description
Test your knowledge of galaxy classifications with this Astronomy Quiz 10. From elliptical to spiral galaxies, this quiz covers essential concepts and terminology in astronomy. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the different types of galaxies!
