30 Questions
Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
Central nervous system
What are the two main cell types in nerve tissue?
Neurons and oligodendrocytes
What is the function of astrocytes in the nervous system?
Support and nourishment of neurons
What is the role of oligodendrocytes in nerve tissue?
Production of myelin
What is the function of ependymal cells in the nervous system?
Line the ventricles of the brain and spinal canal
What is the role of microglia in nerve tissue?
Immune defense and scavenging cellular debris
What is the function of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
Production of myelin
Which part of the neuron receives signals from numerous other neurons?
Dendrites
Which part of the neuron typically has only one and does not branch?
Axon
Which type of glial cell is the most numerous in the brain?
Astrocytes
Which glial cell type makes myelin and insulates axons in the central nervous system?
Oligodendrocytes
What is the function of microglial cells in the central nervous system?
Eat up debris and dead cells
What is neuropil?
A dense network of glial fibers
What is the function of dendritic spines?
Receive information from a single axon
Which cells are involved in the transfer of molecules from blood to neurons and are also involved in the blood-brain barrier?
Astrocytes
What is the main function of astrocytes?
To regulate the composition of the extracellular environment and support the survival and activity of neurons
What is the main function of ependymal cells?
To line the central canal of the spinal cord and ventricles of the brain
What is the main function of microglial cells?
To act as immune defender cells
What is the main glial cell of the peripheral nervous system?
Neurolemmocytes or Schwann cells
What is the function of gray matter in the brain and spinal cord?
Contains neuron cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, glial cells, and synapses
What are the three layers of the meninges that surround the brain and spinal cord?
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Which layer of the meninges is in contact with the dura mater?
Arachnoid
What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?
Prevents passage of drugs and toxins into CNS tissue
What are the two main components of the peripheral nervous system?
Nerves and ganglia
What surrounds and forms myelin around PNS axons?
Schwann cells
What are nodes of Ranvier?
Breaks in the myelin sheath
What is the outer dense connective tissue fibrous coat surrounding nerve bundles and spaces between nerve fibers called?
Epineurium
What surrounds each fiber bundle or fascicle in the peripheral nervous system?
Perineurium
What is the innermost layer of the meninges called?
Pia mater
What is the function of the astrocyte foot processes in the blood-brain barrier?
Forms tight junctions between endothelial cells
Test your knowledge on Astrocytes and their role in the blood-brain barrier and neuronal communication. Learn about their involvement in the transfer of molecules, receptor response to stimuli, and support for neuron survival and activity.
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