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Questions and Answers
Which type of penetrant is classified as Type II?
Which type of penetrant is classified as Type II?
What is Method A in penetrant examination processes?
What is Method A in penetrant examination processes?
What classification applies to Type I penetrant systems?
What classification applies to Type I penetrant systems?
What does the term 'cognizant engineering organization' refer to?
What does the term 'cognizant engineering organization' refer to?
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Which method is characterized as solvent-removable?
Which method is characterized as solvent-removable?
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What is the recommended PSI for filtered shop air to prevent pooling during cleaning?
What is the recommended PSI for filtered shop air to prevent pooling during cleaning?
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What should be done if manual over-emulsification is observed during processing?
What should be done if manual over-emulsification is observed during processing?
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During the touch-up application of the hydrophilic emulsifier, what is crucial for ensuring satisfactory results?
During the touch-up application of the hydrophilic emulsifier, what is crucial for ensuring satisfactory results?
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What is the first step in the removal of solvent-removable penetrants according to the standards?
What is the first step in the removal of solvent-removable penetrants according to the standards?
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What type of developer should not be applied until after the component is drained of excess water?
What type of developer should not be applied until after the component is drained of excess water?
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Study Notes
Classification of Penetrant Examination
- Penetrant examination processes and materials are classified based on AMS 2644, focusing on types, methods, and sensitivity levels.
Terminology
- Terminology E1316 provides definitions relevant to liquid penetrant examination.
- Aerospace components are defined as parts that will be installed on a flying system.
Types of Penetrants
- Type I: Fluorescent dye
- Type II: Visible dye
Methods of Application
- Method A: Water washable
- Method A(W): Water washable-water containing
- Method B: Post-emulsifiable, lipophilic
- Method C: Solvent-removable
- Method D: Post-emulsifiable, hydrophilic
Sensitivity Levels
- Sensitivity levels are applicable only to Type I penetrant systems; Type II has a singular sensitivity classification.
Cleaning and Preparation
- Removal of surface contaminants is critical, utilizing methods such as solvent cleaning, vapor degreasing, and ultrasonic cleaning.
- Over-washing may necessitate reprocessing; ensure no pooling of liquids during washing.
Application of Developers
- Components need to be air or oven dried before applying nonaqueous developers, required to meet minimum and maximum development times (10 min to 2 h).
- Nonaqueous developers should cover all surfaces thoroughly to avoid incomplete inspections.
Aqueous Developers
- Aqueous soluble developers are not compatible with Type II penetrants; they may be used with both Type I and Type II under correct conditions.
- Application methods include spray, flowing, or immersion; developers must not puddle.
Indication Verification
- Indications can be verified through wiping with solvent-dampened materials; redevelopment may be necessary if original indications disappear.
Discontinuity Removal
- Discontinuities may be removed by approved procedures, such as sanding or grinding, as permitted.
ISO Standards and References
- Relevant standards include ISO 9712 for non-destructive testing personnel certification and ISO/IEC 17025 for laboratory competence.
- AMS 2644 and AMS 2175 provide guidance on inspection materials and classifications.
Best Practices
- Users should exercise caution during cleaning to avoid irritation and follow specified application procedures to ensure effective penetrant examination results.
- In the case of conflict between the text and referenced documents, the text of this practice takes precedence.
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Description
This quiz covers ASTM Standard E165/E165M, which provides guidelines for developing detailed requirements in testing and classification. Review the essential aspects of this practice and understand its application in various settings. Gain insights into the usage and compliance of industry standards.
