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Asthma Pathogenesis Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of bronchoprovocation testing?

To classify asthma based on severity

To identify inhaled allergens by exposing mucous membranes to suspected antigens (correct)

To assess the readiness for enhanced knowledge in families

To measure the Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)

At what age can children generally reliably undergo spirometry?

3 years

10 years

5 or 6 years (correct)

7 years

What does Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) measure?

Amount of air left in the lungs after a forceful exhale

Maximum flow of air that can be forcefully exhaled in 1 second (correct)

The total lung capacity

Maximum flow of air that can be forcefully inhaled

Which nursing diagnosis refers to the inability to clear secretions or obstructions from the respiratory tract?

Ineffective airway clearance Signup and view all the answers

What is performed to assess airway responsiveness or reactivity by exposing the mucous membranes to suspected antigens?

Methacholine challenge Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant factor in classifying asthma based on severity?

Frequency of severe episodes per year Signup and view all the answers

What are the main pathologic processes that lead to airflow obstruction in asthma?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cells and cytokines are involved in the inflammatory process in asthma?

Helper T lymphocytes and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 Signup and view all the answers

What are some common triggers of asthma symptoms?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestations are typically seen in older children with asthma?

Tripod sitting position and speaking with short, panting, broken phrases Signup and view all the answers

What are some common diagnostic tests used to evaluate lung disease in asthma patients?

Pulmonary function tests and bronchial provocation tests Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of asthma in infants and small children?

Restlessness, irritability, and inability to be comforted Signup and view all the answers