Asthma Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of wheezing in asthma?

  • Exposure to viral infections
  • Spasm of the bronchial tubes (correct)
  • Ingestion of certain foods
  • Genetic predisposition

Which of the following is a common irritant that can trigger asthma?

  • Perfumes (correct)
  • Organic vegetables
  • Fresh fruits
  • Plain water

What type of immune response is triggered in asthma due to genetic predisposition?

  • Delayed hypersensitivity response
  • IgE-mediated response to allergens (correct)
  • T-cell-mediated response to bacteria
  • Non-specific inflammatory response

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common irritant that can exacerbate asthma symptoms?

<p>Fresh air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does inflammation and edema of the bronchial mucosa play in asthma?

<p>Increasing mucus production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event primarily contributes to the clinical manifestation of asthma?

<p>Bronchial spasm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medication is considered a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)?

<p>Formoterol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major role of Long Acting β-Agonists (LABAs) according to the text?

<p>They are primarily used in combination with Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is indicated for inhibiting exercise-induced bronchospasm?

<p>Cromolyn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach in therapeutic management for asthma once optimal control is achieved?

<p>Consider decreasing the dose or number of controller medications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs is considered the drug of choice for acute asthma symptoms?

<p>Short Acting Beta Agonists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is Ipratropium bromide used according to the text?

<p>In combination with Albuterol. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency for changing sanitary pads to prevent possible bacterial growth near the urethra?

<p>Every 4 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action is recommended for sexually active individuals to prevent UTI?

<p>Urinate after intercourse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for UTI?

<p>Taking ibuprofen to reduce inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of taking sulfa drugs for UTI?

<p>Urinary crystals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of drinking cranberry juice during UTI?

<p>To acidify urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism regulates bronchial constriction in asthma patients?

<p>Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the lab and diagnostic study findings in asthma patients?

<p>Decreased inspiratory capacity (IC) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism behind the production of inflammation and mucus in asthma patients?

<p>Activation of mast cells to release leukotrienes, histamine, and prostaglandins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does bronchial constriction affect the expiratory rate in asthma patients?

<p>Increases expiratory rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of bronchial plugging on vital capacity in asthma patients?

<p>Decreases vital capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gross measure of vital capacity in asthma patients?

<p>Child with average VC should be able to blow forcefully (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical symptoms of pyelonephritis in young children?

<p>High fever, abdominal or flank pain, vomiting, malaise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of bacterial colony count > 100,000/ml in a clean-catch urine specimen?

<p>It indicates a positive bacteriuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of wiping from front to back in preventing UTIs in females?

<p>It decreases the risk of rectal contamination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a urine pH >7 in the presence of RBC (hematuria)?

<p>It indicates a more alkaline urine pH caused by bacterial irritation of the bladder mucosa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a preventive measure for UTIs in females?

<p>Teaching to bathe with bubble bath (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical symptoms of cystitis in young children?

<p>Low-grade fever, mild abdominal pain, enuresis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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