29 Questions
What is the primary cause of wheezing in asthma?
Spasm of the bronchial tubes
Which of the following is a common irritant that can trigger asthma?
Perfumes
What type of immune response is triggered in asthma due to genetic predisposition?
IgE-mediated response to allergens
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common irritant that can exacerbate asthma symptoms?
Fresh air
What role does inflammation and edema of the bronchial mucosa play in asthma?
Increasing mucus production
Which event primarily contributes to the clinical manifestation of asthma?
Bronchial spasm
Which type of medication is considered a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)?
Formoterol
What is the major role of Long Acting β-Agonists (LABAs) according to the text?
They are primarily used in combination with Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS).
Which medication is indicated for inhibiting exercise-induced bronchospasm?
Cromolyn
What is the recommended approach in therapeutic management for asthma once optimal control is achieved?
Consider decreasing the dose or number of controller medications.
Which class of drugs is considered the drug of choice for acute asthma symptoms?
Short Acting Beta Agonists
In what situation is Ipratropium bromide used according to the text?
In combination with Albuterol.
What is the recommended frequency for changing sanitary pads to prevent possible bacterial growth near the urethra?
Every 4 hours
What action is recommended for sexually active individuals to prevent UTI?
Urinate after intercourse
Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for UTI?
Taking ibuprofen to reduce inflammation
What is a potential side effect of taking sulfa drugs for UTI?
Urinary crystals
What is the purpose of drinking cranberry juice during UTI?
To acidify urine
What mechanism regulates bronchial constriction in asthma patients?
Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation
What are the lab and diagnostic study findings in asthma patients?
Decreased inspiratory capacity (IC) and forced vital capacity (FVC)
What is the mechanism behind the production of inflammation and mucus in asthma patients?
Activation of mast cells to release leukotrienes, histamine, and prostaglandins
How does bronchial constriction affect the expiratory rate in asthma patients?
Increases expiratory rate
What is the effect of bronchial plugging on vital capacity in asthma patients?
Decreases vital capacity
What is the gross measure of vital capacity in asthma patients?
Child with average VC should be able to blow forcefully
What are the typical symptoms of pyelonephritis in young children?
High fever, abdominal or flank pain, vomiting, malaise
What is the significance of bacterial colony count > 100,000/ml in a clean-catch urine specimen?
It indicates a positive bacteriuria
What is the importance of wiping from front to back in preventing UTIs in females?
It decreases the risk of rectal contamination
What is the significance of a urine pH >7 in the presence of RBC (hematuria)?
It indicates a more alkaline urine pH caused by bacterial irritation of the bladder mucosa
Which of the following is NOT a preventive measure for UTIs in females?
Teaching to bathe with bubble bath
What are the typical symptoms of cystitis in young children?
Low-grade fever, mild abdominal pain, enuresis
Learn about asthma, a chronic and reversible obstructive airway disease characterized by wheezing. Understand the common triggers, genetic predisposition, and irritants associated with asthma. Explore the etiology and symptoms of this common childhood disease.
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