Asthma Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of asthma?

  • Reversible airway narrowing (correct)
  • Irreversible airway narrowing
  • Emphysema
  • Chronic bronchitis

According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the USA, what is asthma classified as?

  • A chronic respiratory disease
  • An acute lung condition
  • A congenital lung defect
  • A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a main pathophysiological feature of asthma?

  • Airflow obstruction (reversible)
  • Airway hyper-responsiveness
  • Lung tissue scarring (correct)
  • Airway inflammation

What is the primary cause of airway narrowing in asthma?

<p>Contraction of airway smooth muscle and swelling of the airway wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can trigger an asthma exacerbation or flare-up?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During an asthma attack, what respiratory difficulty does an individual experience?

<p>Difficulty exhaling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of episodic asthma?

<p>Attacks can be spontaneous or triggered by various factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is chronic asthma typically different from episodic asthma?

<p>Chest tightness, wheezing, and shortness of breath mainly at night or early morning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is asthma diagnosis confirmed?

<p>Demonstrating the presence of variable airway obstruction using spirometry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of spirometry in diagnosing asthma?

<p>Measuring lung function and airflow to aid in asthma diagnosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issue can mimic an asthma attack due to vocal cord dysfunction?

<p>The paradoxical movement of vocal cords closing instead of opening (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can physiotherapists consider when managing vocal cord dysfunction that presents like an asthma attack?

<p>Referring for speech pathology involvement and considering vocal cord hygiene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common trigger for asthma?

<p>Exposure to cold air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the airways when air trapping occurs?

<p>The equal pressure point (EPP) moves away from the airways supported by cartilaginous rings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a permanent change in the airways due to chronic inflammation?

<p>Increased airway distensibility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom may not always correlate with the degree of airway obstruction in asthma?

<p>Audible wheeze (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can classrooms be modified to reduce asthma triggers according to the text?

<p>Keep pets with fur or hair in the classroom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of long-term damage to the airway epithelium?

<p>Altered smooth muscle function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one effect of dynamic airway collapse caused by a movement in the equal pressure point (EPP)?

<p>Increased airflow resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of asthma related to excessive airway secretions?

<p>Cough (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one consequence of chronic changes in the airways due to inflammation?

<p>Increased bronchial blood vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause dynamic airway collapse during an asthma attack?

<p>Change in location of the equal pressure point (EPP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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