Assessing Apical–Radial Pulse
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Questions and Answers

What is the normal range for rectal temperature?

  • 38.2 - 39.5 °C
  • 35.1 - 36.2 °C
  • 39.6 - 40.0 °C
  • 36.3 - 38.1 °C (correct)

Which condition is a contraindication for taking a rectal temperature?

  • Asthma
  • High platelet count
  • Neutropenia (correct)
  • High heart rate

What part of the nervous system decreases heart rate?

  • Vagus Nerve
  • SA Node
  • Parasympathetic Nervous System (correct)
  • Sympathetic Nervous System

In adults, what is the normal range for pulse rate?

<p>80 - 120 bpm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can stimulate the vagus nerve and cause heart rate slowing during rectal temperature measurement?

<p>Rectal surgery history (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for Tachycardia in terms of heart rate (HR)?

<p>100 - 180 bpm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Pulse Amplitude Scale grading of +3?

<p>Bounding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In pulse physiology, what does a weak and thready pulse quality indicate?

<p>Low blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When assessing pulse rhythm, what does it mean if the beats and pauses occur at unequal intervals?

<p>It is called a dysrhythmia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equipment is typically used for assessing the apical pulse?

<p>Stethoscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of assessing apical pulse over the apex of the heart?

<p>To assess the thrust of blood from the heart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a pulse deficit (difference between apical and radial pulse rates) indicate?

<p>A cardiac arrhythmia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occur between alveoli and circulating blood?

<p>Diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of chemo receptors in respiratory control?

<p>Sensing changes in CO2 levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes respiration as a vital sign?

<p>Changes in respiration rate can indicate potential respiratory distress. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a reason for using the popliteal artery to assess blood pressure?

<p>Brachial artery is contraindicated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might falsely high blood pressure assessments occur?

<p>Using a cuff that is too small (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What range is considered normal for oxygen saturation levels?

<p>95% - 100% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT affect oxygen saturation?

<p>Respirations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is pulse oximetry useful for monitoring patients?

<p>To assess oxygen saturation levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vital Signs

  • Normal range for rectal temperature is not specified (but generally 36.5°C - 37.5°C)
  • Rectal temperature measurement is contraindicated in patients with rectal bleeding, bleeding disorders, or anal fissures

Heart Rate

  • Normal range for pulse rate in adults is 60-100 beats per minute (bpm)
  • The parasympathetic nervous system, specifically the vagus nerve, decreases heart rate
  • Stimulating the vagus nerve during rectal temperature measurement can cause heart rate slowing
  • Tachycardia is defined as a heart rate above 100 bpm

Pulse Assessment

  • Pulse Amplitude Scale grading of +3 indicates a pulse that is very strong and full
  • A weak and thready pulse quality indicates decreased peripheral circulation
  • Unequal intervals between beats and pauses during pulse rhythm assessment indicate irregular rhythm
  • The stethoscope is typically used for assessing apical pulse
  • Apical pulse is assessed over the apex of the heart to detect cardiac irregularities and murmurs
  • A pulse deficit (difference between apical and radial pulse rates) indicates a cardiac irregularity

Respiratory System

  • Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs between alveoli and circulating blood in the lungs
  • Chemo receptors play a role in respiratory control by detecting changes in CO2 and O2 levels

Blood Pressure

  • Respiration is a vital sign that can be affected by changes in blood pressure
  • The popliteal artery is used for assessing blood pressure in certain situations (e.g., peripheral artery disease)
  • Falsely high blood pressure assessments can occur due to incorrect cuff size or improper technique

Oxygen Saturation

  • Normal range for oxygen saturation levels is 95-100%
  • Factors that do not affect oxygen saturation include room temperature and humidity
  • Pulse oximetry is useful for monitoring patients because it provides continuous, non-invasive oxygen saturation and heart rate monitoring.

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Description

Learn how to assess the difference between apical and radial pulse rates, and what a pulse deficit indicates. Practice locating the apex of the heart on the left chest and understanding the significance of checking the apical pulse in clinical settings.

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