28 Questions
Which of the following is the gold standard for confirming bacterial presence?
Culture and sensitivity
What is the recommended duration for culture to confirm bacterial presence?
48 hours
When collecting a sample for culture, which body fluid is most commonly sampled for a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Urine
What is the purpose of an impression smear or swab?
To culture the skin
In order to confirm a negative case of salmonella, how many samples need to be taken?
3
What does the presence of neutrophils in cytology indicate?
A bacterial infection
What is the purpose of a Gram stain?
To differentiate gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
When is prophylaxis with antimicrobials not required for surgery?
For clean surgery
What is the recommended duration of antimicrobial treatment for a wound exposing bone, tendon, or joint?
5 days
Which of the following clinical signs may indicate infection in a horse with a degloving injury?
All of the above
What are some potential clinical signs of greasy pig disease?
All of the above
What is the recommended first approach for managing strep equi equi (strangles) in horses?
Isolation and monitoring of contacts for clinical signs
Why is culture and sensitivity testing not always possible in clinical practice?
All of the above
What is the purpose of culture and sensitivity testing in veterinary medicine?
To determine the most appropriate antibiotic choice
Which of the following diseases is typically caused by Staphylococcus?
Greasy pig disease
When should antibiotic treatment be used for foal sepsis or pleuropneumonia?
Only in life-threatening situations
What is the best approach for resolving disease caused by bacteria in horses?
Culture and sensitivity testing
What are some potential clinical signs of infection in a horse with a degloving injury?
All of the above
What are some potential clinical signs of infection in a horse with a degloving injury?
Pyrexia, depressed demeanour, purulent discharge, swollen area, lameness
Should antibiotics be used to treat a horse with a degloving injury? Explain your answer.
Antibiotics should be used if there are clinical signs of infection, such as pyrexia, depressed demeanour, purulent discharge, and swollen area. However, the decision should be based on a thorough evaluation of the clinical situation.
What is the recommended approach for managing a horse presenting with purulent nasal discharge and open purulent wounds under the muzzle?
The horse should be isolated and monitored for clinical signs of disease. Antibiotic treatment may not be necessary unless the horse is in a susceptible population.
What is the main goal of bacterial control in a veterinary practice?
The main goal of bacterial control is to limit movement on and off the premises and to isolate infected individuals. Strict biosecurity measures should be implemented.
Why is culture and sensitivity testing not always possible in clinical practice?
Culture and sensitivity testing may not be possible in clinical practice due to financial restrictions or when there is a life-threatening situation where waiting for the results would be too long. However, it is recommended to perform culture and sensitivity testing whenever possible to guide appropriate antimicrobial choice.
What are the recommended methods for confirming bacterial presence in veterinary medicine?
The recommended methods for confirming bacterial presence in veterinary medicine are culture and sensitivity testing, impression smears, peritoneal tap, and sampling of purulent nasal discharge, diarrhea, or eye fluid.
What is the purpose of cytology in veterinary medicine?
The purpose of cytology in veterinary medicine is to examine cell types present in body fluids. Invasion of neutrophils indicates a bacterial infection, and the presence of phagocytosing bacteria is a good indicator of bacterial infection.
What is the role of Gram stain in bacterial identification?
Gram stain is a differential staining method used to identify gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria based on their cell wall properties. It allows differentiation between the two types of bacteria by applying crystal violet and iodine stains, followed by decolorization and counterstaining.
When is prophylaxis with antimicrobials not required for surgery in veterinary medicine?
Prophylaxis with antimicrobials is not required for clean surgeries, such as neutering. It may not always be needed for contaminated or high-risk surgeries, and the choice should be based on guidelines and risk assessment.
What is the recommended approach for managing equine wounds based on their contamination level?
The recommended approach for managing equine wounds depends on their contamination level. Clean wounds only require lavage and debridement, while clean-contaminated wounds may not need antibiotics but still require lavage and debridement. Wounds exposing bone, tendon, or joint should be treated with antimicrobials until a healthy granulation tissue bed forms.
Test your knowledge on assessing and treating infection in degloving injuries on a horse's lower limb. Learn about the clinical signs of infection, such as pyrexia and purulent discharge, and understand when antibiotics should be used. Explore the importance of evaluating factors like swelling, lameness, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and acute phase proteins. Take the quiz to ensure you have a comprehensive understanding of infection management in this specific case.
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