ASP Domain IV Fire Protection Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does NFPA stand for?

  • National Fire Policy Association
  • National Fire Protection Association (correct)
  • National Fire Prevention Agency
  • National Fire Preparedness Association

What is a flammable liquid?

A liquid that has a flash point below 100 degrees F and a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 psia at 100 degrees F.

What is a combustible liquid?

Liquid having a flash point at or above 100°F (37.8°C) and below 200°F (93.3°C).

What is Class I?

<p>Flashpoint less than 100F.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Class IA Flammable Liquid.

<p>Flashpoint below 73F; Boiling point below 100F.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Class IB Flammable Liquid.

<p>Flash Point below 73F; Boiling point at or above 100F.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Class IC flammable liquids have a flash point ______ and _______.

<p>greater than or equal to 73 °F and below 100 °F</p> Signup and view all the answers

Class II combustible liquids have a flash point ______ and _______.

<p>greater than or equal to 100 °F and below 140 °F</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the flash point for Class IIIA combustible liquids?

<p>140 degrees F and below 200 degrees F.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Class IIIB combustible liquids have a flash point _______.

<p>greater than or equal to 200 °F</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a flash point?

<p>The lowest temperature at which a liquid can generate enough vapor above its surface to support combustion in the presence of a source of ignition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define vapor pressure.

<p>The pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid at equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does equilibrium refer to in chemistry?

<p>A state of balance between liquid molecules and vapor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fire point?

<p>Material will continue to burn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is usually the relationship between flash point and fire point?

<p>A few degrees higher than flash point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lower flammable limit?

<p>Minimum vapor concentration supporting combustion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the upper flammable limit?

<p>Maximum vapor concentration supporting combustion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define autoignition temperature.

<p>Lowest temperature that will produce combustion in the absence of an ignition source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does specific gravity measure?

<p>Ratio of a mineral's weight compared with the weight of an equal volume of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define vapor density.

<p>The weight of an airborne concentration (vapor or gas) as compared to an equal volume of air in the same conditions of temperature and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is evaporation rate?

<p>Rate at which a liquid is converted into vapor at a given temperature and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does water solubility refer to in the context of flammable liquids?

<p>Flammable liquids, such as alcohols, ethers, and ketones, are completely or partially soluble in water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define boiling point of a liquid.

<p>Temperature at which the liquid transforms into vapor at a given pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Boiling Liquid-Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE)?

<p>Failure of a container at atmospheric pressure holding a liquid above its boiling temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a flammable gas?

<p>Has a UFL of 13% or less by volume at ambient temp and pressure or has a flammability range that is wider than 12% at ambient temp and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the volume occupied by gas and temperature and pressure?

<p>Directly proportional to its temperature and inversely proportional to its pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is carbon monoxide?

<p>An odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CO2 stand for?

<p>Carbon dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define hydrogen cyanide.

<p>Deadly gas produced during fires from the combustion of materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Fire Protection Basics

  • NFPA: National Fire Protection Association, a key organization for fire safety standards.
  • Flammable Liquid: Flash point below 100°F and vapor pressure not exceeding 40 psia at 100°F.
  • Combustible Liquid: Flash point at or above 100°F and below 200°F (37.8°C - 93.3°C).

Classification of Liquids

  • Class I Liquids: Flashpoint less than 100°F.
  • Class IA Flammable Liquid: Flashpoint below 73°F; boiling point below 100°F.
  • Class IB Flammable Liquid: Flashpoint below 73°F; boiling point at or above 100°F.
  • Class IC Flammable Liquid: Flashpoint greater than or equal to 73°F and below 100°F.
  • Class II Combustible Liquids: Flashpoint greater than or equal to 100°F and below 140°F.
  • Class IIIA Combustible Liquids: Flashpoint at or above 140°F and below 200°F.
  • Class IIIB Combustible Liquids: Flashpoint greater than or equal to 200°F.

Fire Behavior and Characteristics

  • Flash Point: Lowest temperature a liquid generates sufficient vapor for combustion.
  • Fire Point: Temperature where material continues to burn; typically a few degrees higher than flash point.
  • Lower Flammable Limit (LFL): Minimum vapor concentration for combustion; increases in temperature/pressure lower LFL.
  • Upper Flammable Limit (UFL): Maximum vapor concentration for combustion; increases in temperature/pressure raise UFL.
  • Autoignition Temperature: Lowest temperature causing combustion without an ignition source.

Physical Properties of Liquids

  • Specific Gravity: Weight of a mineral compared to equal volume of water; values less than 1 indicate lighter than water.
  • Vapor Density: Weight of vapor compared to equal volume of air; vapors from flammable liquids are typically heavier than air.
  • Evaporation Rate: How rapidly a liquid converts to vapor at given conditions.
  • Water Solubility: Some flammable liquids like alcohols dissolve in water, reducing flammability and static hazards.

Temperature and Pressure Dynamics

  • Boiling Point: Temperature a liquid turns into vapor; decreases under lower pressure.
  • BLEVE: Boiling Liquid-Expanding Vapor Explosion occurs when a container fails at atmospheric pressure while holding liquid above boiling temperature.
  • Gas Behavior: Volume occupied by gas is directly proportional to temperature and inversely proportional to pressure.

Toxic Gases

  • Carbon Monoxide (CO): Odorless, highly poisonous gas from incomplete combustion; 210 times more reactive with blood than oxygen.
  • Carbon Dioxide (CO2): Commonly produced gas during combustion.
  • Hydrogen Cyanide: Highly toxic gas produced from burning certain materials.

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