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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a basic form of asexual reproduction?
Which of the following is NOT a basic form of asexual reproduction?
- Fertilization (correct)
- Fission
- Budding
- Fragmentation
Which of the following organisms does NOT undergo asexual reproduction?
Which of the following organisms does NOT undergo asexual reproduction?
- Fungi
- Vertebrates (correct)
- Bacteria
- Plants
What is one advantage of asexual reproduction mentioned in the text?
What is one advantage of asexual reproduction mentioned in the text?
- Increased genetic variation
- Offspring have resistance to diseases
- No gametes are needed (correct)
- Requires a mate
Which of the following is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction according to the text?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction according to the text?
What is an example of asexual reproduction in plants given in the text?
What is an example of asexual reproduction in plants given in the text?
If a parent plant has no resistance to a particular disease, what would be the case for its asexually produced offspring?
If a parent plant has no resistance to a particular disease, what would be the case for its asexually produced offspring?
How does asexual reproduction through budding typically occur?
How does asexual reproduction through budding typically occur?
Which organisms commonly undergo asexual reproduction through budding according to the passage?
Which organisms commonly undergo asexual reproduction through budding according to the passage?
What happens to the bud during asexual reproduction by budding?
What happens to the bud during asexual reproduction by budding?
In asexual reproduction by breaking into two parts, what happens after the fragments regenerate missing parts?
In asexual reproduction by breaking into two parts, what happens after the fragments regenerate missing parts?
What is a key difference between asexual reproduction through budding and breaking into two parts?
What is a key difference between asexual reproduction through budding and breaking into two parts?
What is the process in which a single-celled organism divides into two approximately equal parts by mitosis?
What is the process in which a single-celled organism divides into two approximately equal parts by mitosis?
Which statement is true regarding bacterial division in binary fission?
Which statement is true regarding bacterial division in binary fission?
Which organism undergoes division where the nucleus repeatedly divides and daughter nuclei break away with a portion of cytoplasm resulting in many daughter cells?
Which organism undergoes division where the nucleus repeatedly divides and daughter nuclei break away with a portion of cytoplasm resulting in many daughter cells?
Which form of asexual reproduction involves the breakdown of a parent organism into parts that develop into complete individuals?
Which form of asexual reproduction involves the breakdown of a parent organism into parts that develop into complete individuals?
What type of reproduction involves an organism breaking into two or more parts, with each fragment capable of becoming a complete individual?
What type of reproduction involves an organism breaking into two or more parts, with each fragment capable of becoming a complete individual?
Among bacteria, what happens to the bacterial nucleus before division in binary fission?
Among bacteria, what happens to the bacterial nucleus before division in binary fission?
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Study Notes
Asexual Reproduction
- Asexual reproduction produces individuals without gametes (eggs or sperm) and does not involve sex or a second parent.
- It is found in bacteria, unicellular eukaryotes, many invertebrates, fungi, and plants, but not in vertebrates.
Types of Asexual Reproduction
- Fission: the organism divides into two (binary) or more (multiple) equal parts.
- Budding: the organism divides into two unequal parts.
- Fragmentation: the breakdown of a parent organism into parts that develop into whole organisms.
Fission
- Binary fission: the body of the unicellular parent divides by mitosis into two approximately equal parts, each of which grows into an individual similar to the parent.
- Common in bacteria, algae, and protozoa.
- In bacteria, the cell simply divides into two and each new cell becomes an independent organism.
- Before a bacterium divides, the bacterial nucleus is replicated to produce two identical copies so that the daughter cells receive one copy each.
Fragmentation
- Common in fungi, plants, animals, and algae.
- Involves the breakdown of a parent organism into parts that develop into whole organisms.
- Examples: Spirogyra (filamentous green-algae) and multicellular animals (e.g., worms) that break into two or more parts, with each fragment capable of becoming a complete individual.
Budding
- Common in fungal species and invertebrates.
- Involves the formation of a bulge on the side of the cell, followed by mitotic division of the nucleus and detachment of the bud from the mother cell.
- Examples: yeasts (e.g., yeast cell or hypha) and some invertebrate animals.
Advantages and Disadvantages
- Advantages: no mate is needed; no gametes are needed; all the good characteristics of the parent are passed on to the offspring; and offspring will grow in the same favorable environment as the parent.
- Disadvantages: little variation created, so adaptation to a changing environment (evolution) is unlikely; lack of dispersal can lead to competition for nutrients, water, and light; and offspring may inherit diseases or lack resistance from the parent.
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