Aseptic Meningitis vs Encephalitis
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Questions and Answers

What is the major cause of death in the first year of life, after prematurity, among children with congenital heart defects?

  • Infection (correct)
  • Autoimmune response
  • Chronic illness
  • Environmental factors
  • Which of the following is the most common anomaly found in children with congenital heart defects?

  • Coarctation of Aorta
  • Tetralogy of Fallot
  • Ventral Septal Defect (VSD) (correct)
  • Pulmonic Stenosis
  • What is a common maternal risk factor associated with congenital heart defects?

  • Alcohol consumption (correct)
  • Frequent respiratory tract infections
  • Developmental delay
  • Family history of cardiac disease
  • Which of the following symptoms is often observed in children with congenital heart defects?

    <p>Activity/Exercise intolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of heart defect is considered to be present at birth?

    <p>Congenital heart defect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incidence of symptomatic cases of congenital heart defects within the first year of life?

    <p>~10% per 1000 live births</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark symptom of Kawasaki Disease?

    <p>Rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about Kawasaki Disease is true?

    <p>It can lead to coronary artery aneurysms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for Kawasaki Disease to prevent cardiac sequelae?

    <p>High dose IVIG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT commonly seen in MIS-C (Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children)?

    <p>Thrombocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial management approach for pediatric shock?

    <p>Intravenous fluid boluses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of shock results from blood loss secondary to trauma or plasma loss?

    <p>Hypovolemic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes cellular perfusion in pediatric shock?

    <p>Involves inadequate tissue perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Cool skin' is a clinical manifestation associated with which stage of shock?

    <p>'Decompensated' phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Tachypnea' is a common sign seen in which phase of pediatric shock?

    <p>'Decompensated' phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between aseptic meningitis and encephalitis?

    <p>Inflammatory process of CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of seizure disorders?

    <p>Atonic seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of treating seizure disorders?

    <p>Reducing seizure frequency and severity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can infantile spasms be characterized?

    <p>Raising arms and blinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of seizure classification?

    <p>Postictal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common neurologic dysfunction in children?

    <p>Seizure Disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is epilepsy defined?

    <p>One unprovoked seizure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is characteristic of febrile seizures in children?

    <p>'Transient disorder' of childhood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the nursing care for infants with spina bifida focus?

    <p>'Keep sac free' from stool and urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of Reye's Syndrome?

    <p>Giving aspirin to children with a viral infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common clinical manifestations of hyperglycemia in children with diabetes?

    <p>Blurred vision, fruity breath, and drowsiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a complication of untreated Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) in children?

    <p>Decreased growth velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key nursing intervention for children with Congenital Hypothyroidism?

    <p>Ensuring TSH levels are between 0.5-2 mU/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the pituitary gland in children's endocrine function?

    <p>Control of hormone-releasing glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the impact of childhood obesity on intellectual development?

    <p>Childhood obesity may lead to intellectual disability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In diabetes management, what is the purpose of administering insulin before meals and at bedtime?

    <p>To control blood glucose levels throughout the day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach to managing hypoglycemia in children with low blood sugar?

    <p>Using glucagon immediately followed by rapid-releasing glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of hyperglycemia in children with diabetes if not managed promptly?

    <p><strong>DKA</strong> (Diabetic Ketoacidosis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one common sign of hyperthyroidism in children?

    <p>Weight loss despite increased appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do children with diabetes need to monitor their blood glucose levels regularly?

    <p>To detect and address fluctuations in blood sugar levels promptly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of congenital heart defect in children with Down syndrome?

    <p>Atrial septal defect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is found in 10% of individuals with Down syndrome?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a classic manifestation of Down syndrome related to the eyes?

    <p>Outward slant to the eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In newborns with Down syndrome, what is a common physical characteristic related to the nose?

    <p>Small nose with flat nasal bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is commonly associated with delays in social interaction and communication before age 3 years?

    <p>Autism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the common manifestations of ADHD?

    <p>Decreased attention span</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of support classification emphasizes that function improves with support?

    <p>Intermittent support</p> Signup and view all the answers

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