Ascorbate Biosynthesis in Animals and Plants

<p>Acts as an antioxidant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is made from UDP-D-glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin E and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>L-Galactono-1,4-lactone is dehydrated into L-ascorbic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Herbivores eat a lot of plants anyway.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts as a cofactor for the enzyme that catalyzes hydroxylation of amino acid residues in the collagen protein chains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inability to convert proline to hydroxyproline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The loss always occurs in the GLO gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triple helix of similar peptide chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causes burns of muscles by acidification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To counteract the effects of lipid membrane reactions caused by oxygen free radicals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydroxylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acts as a terminal oxygen acceptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Herbivory reduces evolutionary pressure to maintain ascorbate biosynthesis, since herbivores eat a lot of plants anyway.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To minimize the number of metabolic intermediates disrupted; mutations in upstream genes may not be tolerated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The last step is similar to animal biosynthesis of vitamin C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Essential vitamins must be obtained from the diet, as the body cannot produce them in sufficient quantities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin C assists in the hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues in collagen synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin C assists in the hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues in collagen synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triple helix of similar peptide chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inefficient collagen synthesis, possibly leading to conditions like scurvy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cofactors for the enzyme lysyl hydroxylase involved in hydroxylation of lysine residue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Act as antioxidants and require oxoacid dependent dioxygenase (ODDO) for their synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can donate one or two electrons and be oxidized twice, producing dehydroascorbate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can donate a single electron and become a radical</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conversion of pyruvate to lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can react with lipid membranes, leading to the need for antioxidants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inefficient hydroxylation of proline and lysine amino acid residues in collagen protein chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin C is involved as a cofactor for the enzyme prolyl 4-hydroxylase that catalyzes the hydroxylation reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers