Asch (1956) Experiment

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What percentage of the participants conformed to the group at least once?

64%

50%

76% (correct)

88%

On how many trials did the confederates uniformly give incorrect answers?

4

8

16

12 (correct)

What portion of the test trials did the participants conform to the group?

Half

One-quarter

One-third (correct)

Two-thirds

What was remarkable to psychologists regarding the participants' behavior in the experiment?

Conforming to the group instead of being honest Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary concern for participants that led them to give incorrect answers?

Fear of being judged by others Signup and view all the answers

How many college students conformed to the group rather than answer correctly?

Many Signup and view all the answers

What was the conflict the participants faced when choosing between conformity and honesty?

Concern for group approval vs. the desire to answer correctly Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used approach to help people defend against unwanted persuasion?

Inoculation method Signup and view all the answers

In the context of persuasion, what does it mean to be 'immune' according to the text?

Developing defenses against attacks Signup and view all the answers

What analogy is used in the text to explain the inoculation method's effectiveness?

Virus exposure Signup and view all the answers

What did subjects in McGuire's (1964) study experience before being confronted by a powerful argument?

Refutation of the attacks Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as the most effective defense against unwanted persuasion in the text?

Recognizing persuasive tactics Signup and view all the answers

What must individuals accept to effectively protect themselves from unwanted persuasion, according to the text?

Their vulnerability to persuasion Signup and view all the answers

What popular phrase is mentioned in the text related to defending against persuasion?

'To be forewarned is to be forearmed' Signup and view all the answers

What items were attached to the learner's wrist during the experiment?

Electrodes Signup and view all the answers

At what voltage did the labels on the levers in the 'shock generator' start?

15 volts Signup and view all the answers

What type of instruction did the experimenter give the teacher before they moved to the next room?

Memory test Signup and view all the answers

Where was the teacher located while the learner was being strapped into a chair with electrodes?

In the room next door Signup and view all the answers

What do the last two levers in the 'shock generator' labeled 'XXX' indicate?

High voltage levels Signup and view all the answers

How were the roles of 'teacher' and 'learner' assigned in the experiment?

Through a rigged drawing Signup and view all the answers

What was the final lever labeled in the 'shock generator'?

450 volts Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of participants continued to administer shocks to the very end of the session in the experiment described?

65% Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes the participants' behavior in the experiment involving administering electric shocks?

Ordinary and unsettling Signup and view all the answers

What does the author suggest about the behavior of the participants in Milgram's experiment?

They followed the experimenter's instructions despite their reservations. Signup and view all the answers

What implication does the author draw from the findings of Milgram's experiment?

In the right circumstances, individuals can act against their nature. Signup and view all the answers

What did the majority of Milgram's participants express in follow-up questionnaires?

Pleasure in being part of the research Signup and view all the answers

In regards to the ethical treatment of research participants, what concern is highlighted in the text?

The role of researchers in protecting participants' well-being Signup and view all the answers

What was the general sentiment of Milgram's participants regarding future similar experiments?

Excitement for further studies Signup and view all the answers

Why do people often conform to the attitudes and behaviors of those around them according to the text?

They have limited information and norms provide guidance. Signup and view all the answers

In the study mentioned, why did most college students give wrong answers to a simple visual judgment task?

They wanted to conform to the group's incorrect responses. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for conformity in the text?

Desire to assert independence by disagreeing Signup and view all the answers

What is one concern raised by the findings of the study involving participants administering electric shocks?

The ethical treatment of the participants in psychological experiments. Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, what does conformity to norms often rely upon as a strategy?

Uncertainty about the appropriate behavior in a situation. Signup and view all the answers

What do everyday observations confirm about human behavior?

That humans frequently adopt the actions and attitudes of those around them. Signup and view all the answers

What impact do misperceptions about how the typical person acts have on individuals according to the text?

It can influence individuals to conform to inaccurate or misleading behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

Why might conformity to norms be considered a reasonable strategy when individuals are uncertain about how to act in a particular situation?

Because it provides a clear guideline for appropriate behavior. Signup and view all the answers