36 Questions
What percentage of the participants conformed to the group at least once?
76%
On how many trials did the confederates uniformly give incorrect answers?
12
What portion of the test trials did the participants conform to the group?
One-third
What was remarkable to psychologists regarding the participants' behavior in the experiment?
Conforming to the group instead of being honest
What was the primary concern for participants that led them to give incorrect answers?
Fear of being judged by others
How many college students conformed to the group rather than answer correctly?
Many
What was the conflict the participants faced when choosing between conformity and honesty?
Concern for group approval vs. the desire to answer correctly
What is the most commonly used approach to help people defend against unwanted persuasion?
Inoculation method
In the context of persuasion, what does it mean to be 'immune' according to the text?
Developing defenses against attacks
What analogy is used in the text to explain the inoculation method's effectiveness?
Virus exposure
What did subjects in McGuire's (1964) study experience before being confronted by a powerful argument?
Refutation of the attacks
What is highlighted as the most effective defense against unwanted persuasion in the text?
Recognizing persuasive tactics
What must individuals accept to effectively protect themselves from unwanted persuasion, according to the text?
Their vulnerability to persuasion
What popular phrase is mentioned in the text related to defending against persuasion?
'To be forewarned is to be forearmed'
What items were attached to the learner's wrist during the experiment?
Electrodes
At what voltage did the labels on the levers in the 'shock generator' start?
15 volts
What type of instruction did the experimenter give the teacher before they moved to the next room?
Memory test
Where was the teacher located while the learner was being strapped into a chair with electrodes?
In the room next door
What do the last two levers in the 'shock generator' labeled 'XXX' indicate?
High voltage levels
How were the roles of 'teacher' and 'learner' assigned in the experiment?
Through a rigged drawing
What was the final lever labeled in the 'shock generator'?
450 volts
What percentage of participants continued to administer shocks to the very end of the session in the experiment described?
65%
Which term best describes the participants' behavior in the experiment involving administering electric shocks?
Ordinary and unsettling
What does the author suggest about the behavior of the participants in Milgram's experiment?
They followed the experimenter's instructions despite their reservations.
What implication does the author draw from the findings of Milgram's experiment?
In the right circumstances, individuals can act against their nature.
What did the majority of Milgram's participants express in follow-up questionnaires?
Pleasure in being part of the research
In regards to the ethical treatment of research participants, what concern is highlighted in the text?
The role of researchers in protecting participants' well-being
What was the general sentiment of Milgram's participants regarding future similar experiments?
Excitement for further studies
Why do people often conform to the attitudes and behaviors of those around them according to the text?
They have limited information and norms provide guidance.
In the study mentioned, why did most college students give wrong answers to a simple visual judgment task?
They wanted to conform to the group's incorrect responses.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for conformity in the text?
Desire to assert independence by disagreeing
What is one concern raised by the findings of the study involving participants administering electric shocks?
The ethical treatment of the participants in psychological experiments.
Based on the text, what does conformity to norms often rely upon as a strategy?
Uncertainty about the appropriate behavior in a situation.
What do everyday observations confirm about human behavior?
That humans frequently adopt the actions and attitudes of those around them.
What impact do misperceptions about how the typical person acts have on individuals according to the text?
It can influence individuals to conform to inaccurate or misleading behaviors.
Why might conformity to norms be considered a reasonable strategy when individuals are uncertain about how to act in a particular situation?
Because it provides a clear guideline for appropriate behavior.
Learn about the famous Asch (1956) experiment where participants were asked to identify which line matches a reference line. Discover how social pressure influenced their responses and led to conformity with incorrect answers.
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