Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary requirement for success in any operation according to the Artillery target indication procedure?
What is the primary requirement for success in any operation according to the Artillery target indication procedure?
During which part of the sequence is the indication and engagement of the target discussed?
During which part of the sequence is the indication and engagement of the target discussed?
What is the call sign used by the Battery Commander?
What is the call sign used by the Battery Commander?
What modification is done in voice procedure specifically for artillery fire orders?
What modification is done in voice procedure specifically for artillery fire orders?
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What is true regarding the communication setup for an Artillery Battery in direct support of an Armoured Regiment?
What is true regarding the communication setup for an Artillery Battery in direct support of an Armoured Regiment?
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In what scenario are figures transmitted without the proword 'figure'?
In what scenario are figures transmitted without the proword 'figure'?
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What role does the Forward Observation Officer play in the artillery target indication procedure?
What role does the Forward Observation Officer play in the artillery target indication procedure?
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What is one of the main differences in voice procedure for artillery communicated to the armoured forces?
What is one of the main differences in voice procedure for artillery communicated to the armoured forces?
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Which visual method is NOT mentioned for indicating targets to the tank commander?
Which visual method is NOT mentioned for indicating targets to the tank commander?
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What is the primary responsibility of the infantry commander when the tank fires inaccurately?
What is the primary responsibility of the infantry commander when the tank fires inaccurately?
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Which method is used to communicate the range to the target?
Which method is used to communicate the range to the target?
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When indicating the target, which physical landmark is NOT suggested?
When indicating the target, which physical landmark is NOT suggested?
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What is a common method to attract the tank commander's attention using radio?
What is a common method to attract the tank commander's attention using radio?
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What conclusion can be drawn about the tank commander's priorities during combat?
What conclusion can be drawn about the tank commander's priorities during combat?
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Which method is NOT used for ensuring the tank commander looks in the right direction towards the target?
Which method is NOT used for ensuring the tank commander looks in the right direction towards the target?
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What is the purpose of using a very light of selected color in front of the tank?
What is the purpose of using a very light of selected color in front of the tank?
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How should the infantry commander give the execute order regarding a target?
How should the infantry commander give the execute order regarding a target?
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What corrections should the infantry commander provide to the tank commander first?
What corrections should the infantry commander provide to the tank commander first?
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Which is a correct example of how the infantry commander should communicate using the tank hull?
Which is a correct example of how the infantry commander should communicate using the tank hull?
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Which turret number corresponds to the Battery Commander (Artillery) Tank?
Which turret number corresponds to the Battery Commander (Artillery) Tank?
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What is a significant risk of using personal contact to indicate targets?
What is a significant risk of using personal contact to indicate targets?
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What is a primary advantage of using a radio for communication between infantry and tank commanders?
What is a primary advantage of using a radio for communication between infantry and tank commanders?
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What disadvantage is associated with using the infantry socket for communication?
What disadvantage is associated with using the infantry socket for communication?
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Which method is NOT suggested for visually indicating a target to a tank commander?
Which method is NOT suggested for visually indicating a target to a tank commander?
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Which situation may make visual signals ineffective in notifying tank commanders?
Which situation may make visual signals ineffective in notifying tank commanders?
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How can an infantryman indicate the range to a target using hand signals?
How can an infantryman indicate the range to a target using hand signals?
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What is a characteristic of the difficulties faced by infantry commanders in indicating targets to tank commanders?
What is a characteristic of the difficulties faced by infantry commanders in indicating targets to tank commanders?
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In what scenario might an infantryman use a smoke grenade to communicate with the tank commander?
In what scenario might an infantryman use a smoke grenade to communicate with the tank commander?
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What is the primary purpose of the procedure outlined for infantry-tank target indication?
What is the primary purpose of the procedure outlined for infantry-tank target indication?
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What method should an infantryman use to indicate an Anti-Tank Gun visually?
What method should an infantryman use to indicate an Anti-Tank Gun visually?
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What is a limitation of visual signals in combat situations, according to the information?
What is a limitation of visual signals in combat situations, according to the information?
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Which showing of signal indicates that the target has been destroyed?
Which showing of signal indicates that the target has been destroyed?
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What communication issue is highlighted in this procedure related to radio transmission?
What communication issue is highlighted in this procedure related to radio transmission?
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Why might an infantryman drop their rifle to show their position?
Why might an infantryman drop their rifle to show their position?
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What is a potential effect of using colored flags for signaling?
What is a potential effect of using colored flags for signaling?
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What does the abbreviation OOM stand for in the context of military orders?
What does the abbreviation OOM stand for in the context of military orders?
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Which of the following units is typically responsible for launching an attack against an enemy?
Which of the following units is typically responsible for launching an attack against an enemy?
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In an encounter battle at squadron level, what happens when the enemy exceeds the squadron's capabilities?
In an encounter battle at squadron level, what happens when the enemy exceeds the squadron's capabilities?
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During the communication example, what was the Task given by the Squadron Commander?
During the communication example, what was the Task given by the Squadron Commander?
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What is the acknowledged time limit for a squadron to complete its action during an operation?
What is the acknowledged time limit for a squadron to complete its action during an operation?
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What is the role of the Tank Commander during the advance?
What is the role of the Tank Commander during the advance?
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In the communication protocol, what does 'Wilco' signify?
In the communication protocol, what does 'Wilco' signify?
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What does the term 'axis of advance' refer to in military context?
What does the term 'axis of advance' refer to in military context?
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What is the purpose of the Base of Fire Commander?
What is the purpose of the Base of Fire Commander?
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What does 'Dart 1500' signify in the orders example?
What does 'Dart 1500' signify in the orders example?
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What type of tactic is described as 'leapfrog' in the orders?
What type of tactic is described as 'leapfrog' in the orders?
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What action should the Loader take when the battle site has been fired?
What action should the Loader take when the battle site has been fired?
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What tactical command is given first by a Squadron Commander during an advance?
What tactical command is given first by a Squadron Commander during an advance?
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When a Squad Leader states, 'My area of responsibility is from front right mudguard to front left mudguard,' what is he communicating?
When a Squad Leader states, 'My area of responsibility is from front right mudguard to front left mudguard,' what is he communicating?
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What type of ammunition is suitable for engaging heavy tanks and bunkers?
What type of ammunition is suitable for engaging heavy tanks and bunkers?
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What is the effective range for a coaxial machine gun against infantry targets?
What is the effective range for a coaxial machine gun against infantry targets?
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Which fire control order correctly indicates a time interval for cannon fire?
Which fire control order correctly indicates a time interval for cannon fire?
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In a detailed contact report, which of the following is NOT essential to include?
In a detailed contact report, which of the following is NOT essential to include?
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Which type of ammunition is designed for light and medium tanks and troops?
Which type of ammunition is designed for light and medium tanks and troops?
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During a fire control order, what must the gunner do before firing?
During a fire control order, what must the gunner do before firing?
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Which range statement is accurate for indicating 250 metres?
Which range statement is accurate for indicating 250 metres?
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What is the maximum effective range for anti-aircraft machine guns against soft vehicles?
What is the maximum effective range for anti-aircraft machine guns against soft vehicles?
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What should the gunner say when ready to fire after acquiring the target?
What should the gunner say when ready to fire after acquiring the target?
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What is a key distinction between a Tank Commander's report and a Troop Leader's report?
What is a key distinction between a Tank Commander's report and a Troop Leader's report?
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What is the correct method for indicating a target's location using a grid reference?
What is the correct method for indicating a target's location using a grid reference?
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Which option correctly explains how the armoured commander uses smoke or tracer?
Which option correctly explains how the armoured commander uses smoke or tracer?
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How should the Oscar Tango (OT) bearing be reported?
How should the Oscar Tango (OT) bearing be reported?
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When corrections are necessary after firing, if a round is beyond the target, what correction should be given?
When corrections are necessary after firing, if a round is beyond the target, what correction should be given?
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What does 'bracketing' refer to in artillery fire corrections?
What does 'bracketing' refer to in artillery fire corrections?
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What is meant by 'deflection correction'?
What is meant by 'deflection correction'?
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If an armoured commander orders 'Go right 200 add 400', what is he indicating?
If an armoured commander orders 'Go right 200 add 400', what is he indicating?
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How is a personal contact used in targeting procedures?
How is a personal contact used in targeting procedures?
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In a situation where the observer identifies the target immediately, what is the first response?
In a situation where the observer identifies the target immediately, what is the first response?
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What is the role of a tactical description of the target?
What is the role of a tactical description of the target?
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Why is it important to report the Oscar Tango bearing each time the target is engaged?
Why is it important to report the Oscar Tango bearing each time the target is engaged?
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Which action should NOT be taken once a target is successfully hit?
Which action should NOT be taken once a target is successfully hit?
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In what scenario is a recorded target used for identifying a new target?
In what scenario is a recorded target used for identifying a new target?
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What does the command 'Add 800' specifically involve in the context of ranging?
What does the command 'Add 800' specifically involve in the context of ranging?
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What is the role of the base of fire commander?
What is the role of the base of fire commander?
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Which of the following is the correct sequence for giving fire control orders?
Which of the following is the correct sequence for giving fire control orders?
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When must the base of fire orders be given?
When must the base of fire orders be given?
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What is a characteristic of fire control orders?
What is a characteristic of fire control orders?
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Which unit's role is ideally suited to be part of the squadron's base of fire?
Which unit's role is ideally suited to be part of the squadron's base of fire?
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What is included in the initial fire control orders?
What is included in the initial fire control orders?
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Which of the following tasks does the base of fire NOT support?
Which of the following tasks does the base of fire NOT support?
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What term refers to an order issued after the initial fire order has been executed?
What term refers to an order issued after the initial fire order has been executed?
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What is the appropriate term for ammunition designed for light armored vehicles?
What is the appropriate term for ammunition designed for light armored vehicles?
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What does the alert term in initial fire orders indicate?
What does the alert term in initial fire orders indicate?
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In the distribution of target orders, how is Call Sign 1 related to the base of fire commander?
In the distribution of target orders, how is Call Sign 1 related to the base of fire commander?
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Which part of the fire control orders sequence is focused on adjusting the artillery or tank fire?
Which part of the fire control orders sequence is focused on adjusting the artillery or tank fire?
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What is the role of the Troop Leader concerning fire control orders?
What is the role of the Troop Leader concerning fire control orders?
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Where should the base of fire be established according to command orders?
Where should the base of fire be established according to command orders?
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What should troops do after receiving the base of fire orders?
What should troops do after receiving the base of fire orders?
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What is the purpose of the phrase 'Target Target Target' in artillery communication?
What is the purpose of the phrase 'Target Target Target' in artillery communication?
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Which call sign is used by the Battery Commander during artillery operations?
Which call sign is used by the Battery Commander during artillery operations?
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What is a significant modification in voice procedure for transmitting artillery fire orders?
What is a significant modification in voice procedure for transmitting artillery fire orders?
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What distinguishes the communication equipment used by the Battery Commander and the Forward Observation Officers?
What distinguishes the communication equipment used by the Battery Commander and the Forward Observation Officers?
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In which part of the artillery target indication procedure is ranging and bracketing discussed?
In which part of the artillery target indication procedure is ranging and bracketing discussed?
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What is a consequence of the artillery voice procedure modifications in communication?
What is a consequence of the artillery voice procedure modifications in communication?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the artillery target indication procedure sequence?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the artillery target indication procedure sequence?
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What is indicated by not preceding figures with the proword 'figure' in artillery transmission?
What is indicated by not preceding figures with the proword 'figure' in artillery transmission?
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What method can be used to get the tank commander to look in the right direction towards the target?
What method can be used to get the tank commander to look in the right direction towards the target?
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Which of the following methods is NOT recommended for attracting the tank commander's attention?
Which of the following methods is NOT recommended for attracting the tank commander's attention?
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What is the main disadvantage of personal contact for target indication?
What is the main disadvantage of personal contact for target indication?
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In which situation would the infantry commander provide a correction for tank fire?
In which situation would the infantry commander provide a correction for tank fire?
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Which color smoke grenade would be used to indicate hidden enemy tanks?
Which color smoke grenade would be used to indicate hidden enemy tanks?
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What is the primary purpose of the range given by the infantry commander?
What is the primary purpose of the range given by the infantry commander?
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What action is suggested if the target is not immediately recognizable?
What action is suggested if the target is not immediately recognizable?
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What is the proper sequence of corrections that the infantry commander should follow?
What is the proper sequence of corrections that the infantry commander should follow?
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In a communication example, how does the infantry commander initiate contact?
In a communication example, how does the infantry commander initiate contact?
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What factor complicates the infantry commander's ability to communicate effectively?
What factor complicates the infantry commander's ability to communicate effectively?
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Which visual signal is used to indicate a bunker or MG position?
Which visual signal is used to indicate a bunker or MG position?
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What does the abbreviation 'Wilco' in communication signify?
What does the abbreviation 'Wilco' in communication signify?
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Which method is used by the infantry commander to give a direct correction for the tank fire?
Which method is used by the infantry commander to give a direct correction for the tank fire?
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What type of target should the infantry commander primarily focus on destroying?
What type of target should the infantry commander primarily focus on destroying?
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Which method is least effective for indicating the location of a target in featureless terrain?
Which method is least effective for indicating the location of a target in featureless terrain?
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What is the key reason for continuing to report the Oscar Tango bearing when a target is engaged?
What is the key reason for continuing to report the Oscar Tango bearing when a target is engaged?
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When corrections are given for an artillery round that is left of the Oscar Tango line, what should be instructed?
When corrections are given for an artillery round that is left of the Oscar Tango line, what should be instructed?
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What tactical description is crucial for efficiently informing the Observer about a target's significance?
What tactical description is crucial for efficiently informing the Observer about a target's significance?
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To achieve a 100-yard bracket during ranging, what is the procedure after obtaining the initial range?
To achieve a 100-yard bracket during ranging, what is the procedure after obtaining the initial range?
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What is the proper response when a round lands short of the target during artillery engagement?
What is the proper response when a round lands short of the target during artillery engagement?
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In combat scenarios, when should the armed commander report 'on target'?
In combat scenarios, when should the armed commander report 'on target'?
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Which of the following statements is true about the contextual significance of personal contact in target indication?
Which of the following statements is true about the contextual significance of personal contact in target indication?
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In the context of communicating target instructions, what is the role of colored smoke or tracer?
In the context of communicating target instructions, what is the role of colored smoke or tracer?
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What type of correction includes a command such as 'Go right 200 add 400'?
What type of correction includes a command such as 'Go right 200 add 400'?
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What does the reporting of a grid reference typically entail during target indication?
What does the reporting of a grid reference typically entail during target indication?
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How is a recorded target generally identified for confirmation?
How is a recorded target generally identified for confirmation?
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What summary communication should the armoured commander relay if the Observer needs adjustments during fire correction?
What summary communication should the armoured commander relay if the Observer needs adjustments during fire correction?
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What information is vital for an effective tactical description of a target?
What information is vital for an effective tactical description of a target?
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Which method allows the infantry commander to directly communicate with the tank commander while mounted?
Which method allows the infantry commander to directly communicate with the tank commander while mounted?
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What is a disadvantage of using radio communication between infantry and tank commanders?
What is a disadvantage of using radio communication between infantry and tank commanders?
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Which advantage of visual signals makes them safer than using the infantry socket?
Which advantage of visual signals makes them safer than using the infantry socket?
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How can an infantryman indicate that a target has been destroyed without using verbal communication?
How can an infantryman indicate that a target has been destroyed without using verbal communication?
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What common signal indicates to the tank commander that a target has been engaged?
What common signal indicates to the tank commander that a target has been engaged?
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What must visual signals do effectively to be successful in combat situations?
What must visual signals do effectively to be successful in combat situations?
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Which situation is most likely to hinder the use of visual signals during target indication?
Which situation is most likely to hinder the use of visual signals during target indication?
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Which method is NOT suggested for indicating the direction of a target visually?
Which method is NOT suggested for indicating the direction of a target visually?
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What immediate action should the Infantry take when the deployment of the base of fire is affected?
What immediate action should the Infantry take when the deployment of the base of fire is affected?
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When should the infantry commander provide corrections to the tank commander during target engagement?
When should the infantry commander provide corrections to the tank commander during target engagement?
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During the Quick Attack orders, what is the main mission of the Squadron Commander?
During the Quick Attack orders, what is the main mission of the Squadron Commander?
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Which communication method is least secure during combat due to exposure?
Which communication method is least secure during combat due to exposure?
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What advantage does the infantry socket provide over radio communication?
What advantage does the infantry socket provide over radio communication?
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Which type of ammunition is primarily designated for light and medium tanks?
Which type of ammunition is primarily designated for light and medium tanks?
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What does the term 'formation arrowhead bound' specify in military orders?
What does the term 'formation arrowhead bound' specify in military orders?
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What does it indicate if an infantryman raises the muzzle of their rifle during target indication?
What does it indicate if an infantryman raises the muzzle of their rifle during target indication?
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What is the maximum effective range in meters for a coaxial machine gun targeting infantry?
What is the maximum effective range in meters for a coaxial machine gun targeting infantry?
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What is the purpose of the Driver's orders regarding the axis of advance?
What is the purpose of the Driver's orders regarding the axis of advance?
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Which term describes the element used to ensure clarity in fire control orders?
Which term describes the element used to ensure clarity in fire control orders?
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What should the Gunner communicate once ready to fire at the battle site?
What should the Gunner communicate once ready to fire at the battle site?
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What is a potential risk of using colored flags in the battlefield?
What is a potential risk of using colored flags in the battlefield?
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In a fire control order, what must the Troop Leader always provide during a detailed contact report?
In a fire control order, what must the Troop Leader always provide during a detailed contact report?
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What does 'CC 10' refer to in military communication?
What does 'CC 10' refer to in military communication?
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What is the primary function of the infantry when coordinating with tanks during engagement?
What is the primary function of the infantry when coordinating with tanks during engagement?
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When using fire control orders, what does 'Wilco' indicate in the communication chain?
When using fire control orders, what does 'Wilco' indicate in the communication chain?
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Which method is employed when the squadron commander initiates communication before an operation?
Which method is employed when the squadron commander initiates communication before an operation?
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How far in advance should readiness be reported by units as per the order structure?
How far in advance should readiness be reported by units as per the order structure?
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What type of tanks does the High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) ammunition target primarily?
What type of tanks does the High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) ammunition target primarily?
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In a communication example, which phrase is typically used to denote an immediate contact report by a Tank Commander?
In a communication example, which phrase is typically used to denote an immediate contact report by a Tank Commander?
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When engaging targets, what should the Infantry's first communication emphasize?
When engaging targets, what should the Infantry's first communication emphasize?
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Which ammunition type is suitable for neutralizing infantry and unarmored vehicles?
Which ammunition type is suitable for neutralizing infantry and unarmored vehicles?
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What is indicated by the term 'Dart 1500' as used in military orders?
What is indicated by the term 'Dart 1500' as used in military orders?
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In the communication example, how do troops acknowledge receipt of the Squadron Commander’s orders?
In the communication example, how do troops acknowledge receipt of the Squadron Commander’s orders?
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What must the gunner do after laying the gun on the target and acquiring it?
What must the gunner do after laying the gun on the target and acquiring it?
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Which term is used in fire control orders to indicate a position for targeting an enemy tank?
Which term is used in fire control orders to indicate a position for targeting an enemy tank?
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What does the phrase 'inter-troop distance 250' signify in the context of formation?
What does the phrase 'inter-troop distance 250' signify in the context of formation?
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At what point is the Troop Leader required to provide orders during the advance?
At what point is the Troop Leader required to provide orders during the advance?
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What is indicated when the Tank Commander states 'Wilco out'?
What is indicated when the Tank Commander states 'Wilco out'?
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What is typically included in the initial fire control orders?
What is typically included in the initial fire control orders?
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Which characteristic is not associated with fire control orders?
Which characteristic is not associated with fire control orders?
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Who is typically designated as the commander of the base of fire?
Who is typically designated as the commander of the base of fire?
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What is the role of the base of fire during an operation?
What is the role of the base of fire during an operation?
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Which kind of troops should form part of a squadron's base of fire?
Which kind of troops should form part of a squadron's base of fire?
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Which sequence is correct for giving fire control orders?
Which sequence is correct for giving fire control orders?
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What role does the Base of Fire Commander fulfill after positioning the base of fire?
What role does the Base of Fire Commander fulfill after positioning the base of fire?
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What is the significance of the 'H Hour' in tactical communication?
What is the significance of the 'H Hour' in tactical communication?
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What is the primary purpose of fire control orders?
What is the primary purpose of fire control orders?
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What specific action does a Base of Fire Commander need to take regarding targets?
What specific action does a Base of Fire Commander need to take regarding targets?
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What type of ammunition is designated by 'Dart'?
What type of ammunition is designated by 'Dart'?
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What phrase signifies acknowledgment in tactical communication?
What phrase signifies acknowledgment in tactical communication?
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In a fire control order, what follows after announcing the ammunition type?
In a fire control order, what follows after announcing the ammunition type?
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Which command would usually precede the distribution of fire in a tactical order?
Which command would usually precede the distribution of fire in a tactical order?
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Study Notes
Artillery Target Indication Procedure
- Artillery fire is essential for mission success in combat operations.
- Armoured commanders must learn the artillery target indication procedure to request fire support effectively.
- Procedure is divided into four parts: communication, target indication, ranging and bracketing, and voice procedure during shooting.
Part 1: Communication and Voice Procedure
- Each artillery battery is assigned to support an Armoured Regiment with designated tanks for observers.
- Battery commanders operate under call signs 96, while Forward Observation Officers (FOOs) use call signs 96A, 96B, and 96C.
- Two wireless sets are fitted in observer tanks—one for regiment/squadron net and the other for artillery net.
-
Voice Procedure Differences:
- Initial transmission begins with "Target Target Target."
- Commands must be repeated verbatim by both commanders.
- Figures are transmitted without preceding prowords.
- Incorrect transmissions should be corrected with "wrong" followed by the correct details.
Part 2: Indication and Engagement of Targets
- Target indication begins with a warning "Target Target Target."
- Location of the target can be identified using:
- Grid Reference (GR): e.g., 673185.
- Target Grid Correction from Reference Point: Clearly visible reference points.
- Recorded Target Numbers: Immediate importance relies on previously surveyed targets.
- Battery Salvo Reference: For difficult terrain, using a concentrated artillery salvo provides a reference.
- Visual Signals: Colored smoke or tracer rounds to indicate the target.
- Personal Contact: Infantry may mount the tank for direct communication.
-
Oscar Tango (OT) Bearing:
- Indicates the grid bearing from the commander to the target.
- Must be provided each time the target is engaged, reported to the nearest degree.
- Target Description: Includes tactical and physical characteristics to gauge fire requirements.
- Execution Instructions: Define what actions to take like destroy or neutralize with specified timing (e.g. "2 Minutes now").
Part 3: Ranging and Bracketing
- Observers correct fire based on the OT reference line.
- Corrections indicate where to adjust fire depending on round location relative to the target.
- The ranging process involves:
- Direct fire corrections.
- Bracketing by progressively narrowing range until precise targeting.
- Experienced commanders may order double corrections for efficiency.
Part 4: Examples
- Communication examples showcase common scenarios like:
- Immediate identification of targets by observers.
- Correction requests for targets not immediately identified.
- Using battery salvos as reference points when visibility is compromised.
Infantry-Tank Target Indication Procedure
- Infantries and tanks enhance combat effectiveness when coordinated closely, helping each other to overcome enemy defenses.
- The procedure aims to facilitate infantry's request for tank support in neutralizing enemy weapons.
Part 1: Communication Means
-
Radio Communication:
- Advantages include speed and flexibility but prone to interference.
-
Infantry Socket:
- Allows direct communication but exposes infantry to fire.
-
Visual Signals:
- Safer for infantry but can be ineffective in poor visibility.
- Methods include colored flags, very light signals, and hand signals.
-
Personal Contact:
- Most effective but exposes infantry commander to danger.
Part 2: Target Indication Challenges
-
Attracting Attention:
- Tank commanders may be busy and hard to divert to targets.
-
Directing Focus to the Target:
- Involves using advances, features, and shots as reference points.
-
Providing Accurate Ranges:
- Infantry give rough estimates, and tank commanders adjust.
-
Describing Targets Clearly:
- Use identifiable landmarks for clarity in communication.
-
Executing Fire Orders:
- Commands must specify whether to destroy or neutralize targets.
-
Correcting Fire:
- Infantry commanders must guide tank fire corrections as needed.
Summary
- Mastering the artillery target indication and infantry-tank communication procedures is critical for ensuring effective use of combined arms in combat situations. Clear communication, target definition, and accurate corrections are essential components of achieving mission success.### Communication Between Infantry and Tanks
- Infantry provides specific targeting instructions to tanks using coded messages.
- Adjustments for target firing include direction (right or left) and distance (add or drop meters).
- Successful hits are confirmed through radio communication, indicating target neutralization.
Orders on Marching Column (OOM)
- OOM occurs when enemy capacities exceed those manageable by a squadron.
- If multiple troops are deployed for base fire, squadron commanders issue attack orders on-the-move.
- Action must be completed within a 40-minute timeframe.
Sequence of Command
- Orders originate from the Squadron Commander to Troop Leaders and down to Tank Commanders.
- Communication includes warnings, execution plans, and troop formations for advancement.
Squadron Commander's Orders for Advance
- Warning orders begin with situational analysis, mission objectives, and execution strategies.
- Key parameters include axes of advance, troop formations, and inter-troop distances.
- Coordination and reporting readiness are emphasized for operational efficiency.
Troop Leader Orders for Advance
- Similar structure as Squadron Commander orders, with focus shifted to specific troops and detailed movement strategies.
- Emphasis on maintaining communication and confirming understanding among all involved stations.
Tank Commander Briefing for Advance
- Tank crew readiness is checked and confirmed before movement.
- Orders specify the axis of advance, formation, and methods of movement for effective coordination.
- Responsibilities include ensuring communication amongst crew members regarding target engagement.
Base of Fire Command Orders
- Base of fire typically consists of supportive infantry and armored units for sustained engagement.
- Details include positioning and roles for troops during the attack, outlining specific targets.
Fire Control Orders (FCOs)
- FCOs delineate initial and subsequent firing orders, clarifying roles during engagement.
- Characteristics of FCOs include brevity, accuracy, clarity, and rapidity.
- Sequence of communication in fire orders includes targeting assignments, ammunition types, and firing commands.
Ammunition and Weapon Specifications
- Specific terms are used to identify types of ammunition suited for various targets and engagement scenarios.
- Types of ammunition include High Explosive (HE), Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized (APFSDS), and High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT).
Communication Protocol
- Range terms utilize numeric representations for clarity in distance communication.
- Descriptive terms guide identification of targets, ensuring prompt and precise actions during engagements.
Immediate and Detailed Contact Reports
- Contact reports provide timely updates to commanders, detailing presence and actions of enemy units.
- Effective reporting answers critical questions regarding the timing, location, and movements of threats.
Differences in Reporting
- Tank Commanders report engagements based on direct observations and target actions.
- Troop Leaders provide broader situational context, incorporating organizational movements and suggestions for tactical responses.
Artillery Target Indication Procedure
- Artillery fire is essential for mission success in combat operations.
- Armoured commanders must learn the artillery target indication procedure to request fire support effectively.
- Procedure is divided into four parts: communication, target indication, ranging and bracketing, and voice procedure during shooting.
Part 1: Communication and Voice Procedure
- Each artillery battery is assigned to support an Armoured Regiment with designated tanks for observers.
- Battery commanders operate under call signs 96, while Forward Observation Officers (FOOs) use call signs 96A, 96B, and 96C.
- Two wireless sets are fitted in observer tanks—one for regiment/squadron net and the other for artillery net.
-
Voice Procedure Differences:
- Initial transmission begins with "Target Target Target."
- Commands must be repeated verbatim by both commanders.
- Figures are transmitted without preceding prowords.
- Incorrect transmissions should be corrected with "wrong" followed by the correct details.
Part 2: Indication and Engagement of Targets
- Target indication begins with a warning "Target Target Target."
- Location of the target can be identified using:
- Grid Reference (GR): e.g., 673185.
- Target Grid Correction from Reference Point: Clearly visible reference points.
- Recorded Target Numbers: Immediate importance relies on previously surveyed targets.
- Battery Salvo Reference: For difficult terrain, using a concentrated artillery salvo provides a reference.
- Visual Signals: Colored smoke or tracer rounds to indicate the target.
- Personal Contact: Infantry may mount the tank for direct communication.
-
Oscar Tango (OT) Bearing:
- Indicates the grid bearing from the commander to the target.
- Must be provided each time the target is engaged, reported to the nearest degree.
- Target Description: Includes tactical and physical characteristics to gauge fire requirements.
- Execution Instructions: Define what actions to take like destroy or neutralize with specified timing (e.g. "2 Minutes now").
Part 3: Ranging and Bracketing
- Observers correct fire based on the OT reference line.
- Corrections indicate where to adjust fire depending on round location relative to the target.
- The ranging process involves:
- Direct fire corrections.
- Bracketing by progressively narrowing range until precise targeting.
- Experienced commanders may order double corrections for efficiency.
Part 4: Examples
- Communication examples showcase common scenarios like:
- Immediate identification of targets by observers.
- Correction requests for targets not immediately identified.
- Using battery salvos as reference points when visibility is compromised.
Infantry-Tank Target Indication Procedure
- Infantries and tanks enhance combat effectiveness when coordinated closely, helping each other to overcome enemy defenses.
- The procedure aims to facilitate infantry's request for tank support in neutralizing enemy weapons.
Part 1: Communication Means
-
Radio Communication:
- Advantages include speed and flexibility but prone to interference.
-
Infantry Socket:
- Allows direct communication but exposes infantry to fire.
-
Visual Signals:
- Safer for infantry but can be ineffective in poor visibility.
- Methods include colored flags, very light signals, and hand signals.
-
Personal Contact:
- Most effective but exposes infantry commander to danger.
Part 2: Target Indication Challenges
-
Attracting Attention:
- Tank commanders may be busy and hard to divert to targets.
-
Directing Focus to the Target:
- Involves using advances, features, and shots as reference points.
-
Providing Accurate Ranges:
- Infantry give rough estimates, and tank commanders adjust.
-
Describing Targets Clearly:
- Use identifiable landmarks for clarity in communication.
-
Executing Fire Orders:
- Commands must specify whether to destroy or neutralize targets.
-
Correcting Fire:
- Infantry commanders must guide tank fire corrections as needed.
Summary
- Mastering the artillery target indication and infantry-tank communication procedures is critical for ensuring effective use of combined arms in combat situations. Clear communication, target definition, and accurate corrections are essential components of achieving mission success.### Communication Between Infantry and Tanks
- Infantry provides specific targeting instructions to tanks using coded messages.
- Adjustments for target firing include direction (right or left) and distance (add or drop meters).
- Successful hits are confirmed through radio communication, indicating target neutralization.
Orders on Marching Column (OOM)
- OOM occurs when enemy capacities exceed those manageable by a squadron.
- If multiple troops are deployed for base fire, squadron commanders issue attack orders on-the-move.
- Action must be completed within a 40-minute timeframe.
Sequence of Command
- Orders originate from the Squadron Commander to Troop Leaders and down to Tank Commanders.
- Communication includes warnings, execution plans, and troop formations for advancement.
Squadron Commander's Orders for Advance
- Warning orders begin with situational analysis, mission objectives, and execution strategies.
- Key parameters include axes of advance, troop formations, and inter-troop distances.
- Coordination and reporting readiness are emphasized for operational efficiency.
Troop Leader Orders for Advance
- Similar structure as Squadron Commander orders, with focus shifted to specific troops and detailed movement strategies.
- Emphasis on maintaining communication and confirming understanding among all involved stations.
Tank Commander Briefing for Advance
- Tank crew readiness is checked and confirmed before movement.
- Orders specify the axis of advance, formation, and methods of movement for effective coordination.
- Responsibilities include ensuring communication amongst crew members regarding target engagement.
Base of Fire Command Orders
- Base of fire typically consists of supportive infantry and armored units for sustained engagement.
- Details include positioning and roles for troops during the attack, outlining specific targets.
Fire Control Orders (FCOs)
- FCOs delineate initial and subsequent firing orders, clarifying roles during engagement.
- Characteristics of FCOs include brevity, accuracy, clarity, and rapidity.
- Sequence of communication in fire orders includes targeting assignments, ammunition types, and firing commands.
Ammunition and Weapon Specifications
- Specific terms are used to identify types of ammunition suited for various targets and engagement scenarios.
- Types of ammunition include High Explosive (HE), Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized (APFSDS), and High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT).
Communication Protocol
- Range terms utilize numeric representations for clarity in distance communication.
- Descriptive terms guide identification of targets, ensuring prompt and precise actions during engagements.
Immediate and Detailed Contact Reports
- Contact reports provide timely updates to commanders, detailing presence and actions of enemy units.
- Effective reporting answers critical questions regarding the timing, location, and movements of threats.
Differences in Reporting
- Tank Commanders report engagements based on direct observations and target actions.
- Troop Leaders provide broader situational context, incorporating organizational movements and suggestions for tactical responses.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the essential requirements for success in artillery operations, specifically the target indication procedure. This quiz covers the sequence of indications and engagements, call signs, voice procedures, and communication setups crucial for effective artillery support. Perfect for military personnel and enthusiasts alike.
