CH 9: Artificial Selection
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CH 9: Artificial Selection

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between artificial selection and natural selection?

  • Artificial selection happens in the wild, while natural selection is controlled by humans.
  • Artificial selection is based on human choice, while natural selection is based on environmental pressures. (correct)
  • Artificial selection is random, while natural selection is goal-oriented.
  • Artificial selection leads to reduced genetic diversity, while natural selection does not.

    • Which process has led to the creation of numerous dog breeds tailored to human preferences?

  • Adaptation
  • Natural selection
  • Artificial selection (correct)
  • Genetic mutation

    • What has the intense selective breeding of certain dog breeds resulted in?

  • No impact on genetic diversity or health
  • Enhanced adaptability to changing environments
  • Reduced genetic diversity and increased susceptibility to health problems (correct)
  • Increased genetic diversity and improved health

    • Which of the following best describes the purpose of artificial selection?

    <p>To enhance specific desirable traits in animals or plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen when artificial selection focuses heavily on purebred populations?

    <p>Increased risk of genetic disorders and diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How have crop species been affected by artificial selection?

    <p>Dramatically transformed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are certain dog breeds susceptible to genetic disorders due to artificial selection?

    <p>Reduced genetic diversity within purebred populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of artificial selection in crops mentioned in the text?

    <p>Increased yields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did early farmers select plants with desirable traits in maize?

    <p>To have seeds that remained on the cob</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential drawback of artificial selection is highlighted in the text?

    <p>Loss of genetic diversity in crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consequence of focusing on specific traits in animals through artificial selection?

    <p>Increase in genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can the reliance on a narrow range of crop varieties be problematic?

    <p>It reduces biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as a key responsibility associated with artificial selection?

    <p>Managing genetic diversity carefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does artificial selection demonstrate about human capability according to the text?

    <p>Ability to shape the environment and meet needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding and maintaining genetic diversity important according to the text?

    <p>It is crucial for ecological balance and agricultural sustainability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one drawback of artificial selection in crop species mentioned in the text?

    <p>Vulnerability to diseases and pests due to loss of genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait was NOT specifically mentioned as being selected for by early farmers in maize?

    <p>Seeds that fell off the cob easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a focus on particular traits in animals through artificial selection lead to unforeseen consequences?

    <p>As a result of neglecting other essential traits like disease resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem can arise from the reliance on a narrow range of crop varieties?

    <p>Higher susceptibility to threats and reduced biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the consequence of years of breeding for specific traits in crop species?

    <p>Loss of genetic diversity leading to vulnerability to diseases and pests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does artificial selection in crops differ from natural selection?

    <p>Natural selection is random, whereas artificial selection is purposeful and directed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does genetic diversity play in maintaining ecological balance according to the text?

    <p>It helps crops resist diseases and pests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some crop species become more vulnerable to diseases and pests as a result of artificial selection?

    <p>'Desirable traits' may lead to a loss of genetic diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Years of breeding for specific traits such as size and yield' primarily refer to what kind of process according to the text?

    <p>'Artificial selection'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between artificial selection and natural selection?

    <p>In natural selection, environmental pressures dictate evolutionary changes, while in artificial selection, humans choose which traits are desirable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of intense selective breeding within purebred dog populations?

    <p>Greater susceptibility to genetic disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do humans actively choose which animals or plants reproduce in artificial selection?

    <p>To perpetuate specific desirable traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has artificial selection in crop species had a profound impact on?

    <p>Agriculture and food production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the impact of artificial selection on genetic diversity in certain dog breeds?

    <p>Genetic diversity decreases, leading to susceptibility to genetic disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do humans play in deciding which characteristics are advantageous in artificial selection?

    <p>Active role in choosing desirable traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do certain dog breeds face health problems due to artificial selection?

    <p>As a result of reduced genetic diversity from intense selective breeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does artificial selection differ from natural selection in terms of decision-making?

    <p>Humans decide advantageous traits in artificial selection, but in natural selection, it is determined by chance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with artificial selection mentioned in the text?

    <p>Higher susceptibility to diseases and pests in crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the neglect of certain traits in animals impact them as highlighted in the text?

    <p>Results in unforeseen consequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an outcome of intense selective breeding within purebred dog populations according to the text?

    <p>Higher susceptibility to genetic disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can focusing on specific traits in animals through artificial selection lead to unforeseen consequences?

    <p>By neglecting other important traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the reliance on a narrow range of crop varieties pose a problem according to the text?

    <p>It makes food supplies more susceptible to threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main benefits of artificial selection in crops as mentioned in the text?

    <p>More nutritious and easier-to-harvest crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has selective breeding impacted the genetic diversity of some crop species?

    <p>Reduced it, making crops more vulnerable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a consequence of years of breeding for specific traits in animal species?

    <p>Neglecting crucial traits like disease resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does artificial selection differ from natural selection in terms of genetic diversity?

    <p>Natural selection reduces genetic diversity, while artificial selection can reduce or maintain it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with intense selective breeding within purebred dog populations?

    <p>Higher susceptibility to health issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between artificial and natural selection?

    <p>Artificial selection relies on human intervention, while natural selection is driven by environmental pressures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way has artificial selection impacted genetic diversity in certain dog breeds?

    <p>Decreased genetic diversity making some breeds prone to genetic disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some purebred dog populations face health issues as a consequence of artificial selection?

    <p>As a result of reduced genetic diversity causing vulnerability to health problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does artificial selection have on crop species' susceptibility to diseases and pests?

    <p>It makes them more prone to diseases and pests due to reduced genetic diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do humans play in the process of artificial selection?

    <p>Actively choosing which animals or plants reproduce based on desirable traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does intense selective breeding impact the genetic makeup of certain dog breeds?

    <p>It decreases genetic diversity, making breeds more susceptible to genetic disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential issue arises when artificial selection focuses heavily on purebred populations?

    <p>Greater susceptibility to genetic disorders and health issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of reduced genetic diversity in certain dog breeds due to intense selective breeding?

    <p>Higher probability of encountering genetic disorders or health problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are some crop species more vulnerable to diseases and pests as a result of artificial selection?

    <p>Because of decreased genetic diversity resulting from selective breeding practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes artificial selection from natural selection?

    <p>Humans decide advantageous characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement describes a consequence of intense selective breeding within purebred dog populations?

    <p>Greater susceptibility to health problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the impacts of artificial selection on crop species?

    <p>Increased vulnerability to diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has artificial selection influenced the creation of various dog breeds?

    <p>Enhanced diversity in physical attributes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to certain dog breeds facing health issues?

    <p>Breeding for specific traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way has artificial selection impacted the genetic diversity of dogs?

    <p>Led to reduced genetic diversity in certain breeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential drawback of intense selective breeding within dog populations?

    <p>Higher risk of genetic disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are certain dog breeds susceptible to genetic disorders according to the text?

    <p>Because of reduced genetic diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way artificial selection differs from natural selection according to the text?

    <p>Humans determine advantageous traits in artificial selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of reduced genetic diversity in crop species due to artificial selection?

    <p>Higher vulnerability to diseases and pests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to understand and maintain genetic diversity in agricultural settings?

    <p>To ensure resilience against threats and maintain biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of artificial selection, what is a potential risk associated with focusing on specific traits in animal populations?

    <p>Neglecting other important traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does relying on a narrow range of crop varieties exacerbate problems in agriculture?

    <p>By reducing biodiversity and making food supplies more vulnerable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the drawbacks associated with intense selective breeding in purebred dog populations?

    <p>Reduced overall health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has artificial selection shaped maize into the staple crop known today?

    <p>By selecting for larger ears, fewer stems, and seeds on the cob</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Years of breeding for specific traits such as size and yield' primarily refer to which process according to the text?

    <p>Artificial selection in crop species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does genetic diversity play in shaping the domesticated world around us according to the text?

    <p>It assists in maintaining ecological balance and resilience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as a key responsibility associated with managing artificial selection's potential risks?

    <p>Managing genetic diversity and potential risks carefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential benefit of artificial selection in relation to shaping crops for human consumption according to the text?

    <p>Cultivation of crops that are more nutritious and easier to harvest</p> Signup and view all the answers

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