Questions and Answers
What is a key limitation of heuristics?
They do not guarantee any solution at all
What is the primary focus of the cognitive science approach?
The reasoning process behind human behavior
What was the primary goal of the GPS (General Problem Solver) program?
To produce a sequence of steps similar to human reasoning
What is a characteristic of the behaviorist approach?
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What was the name of the script used in the ELIZA program?
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What was the reaction of psychiatrists to the ELIZA program?
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What are the core components of AI derived from?
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What is an example of a compound component of AI?
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What branch of science deals with enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence?
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What is the primary goal of Machine Learning?
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What is the concept that enables computers to mimic human-like decision making?
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What is the term for machines that can only react to the current scenario?
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What is the term for machines that can learn from experience and apply that knowledge to new situations?
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What is the term for machines that can understand and reason about their internal mental states?
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What is the term for machines that have consciousness and self-awareness?
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What is the concept that enables computers to analyze and understand natural language?
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What is the term used to describe AI that can perform a specific task with intelligence?
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What is the main difference between Narrow AI and General AI?
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What is an example of Narrow AI?
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What is the characteristic of General AI?
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What is the limitation of Narrow AI?
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What is the term used to describe AI that can perform any intellectual task with efficiency like a human?
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What is an example of a task that can be performed by Narrow AI?
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What is the term used to describe Narrow AI in other words?
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Study Notes
Artificial Intelligence Overview
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of science that deals with helping machines find solutions to complex problems in a more human-like fashion.
- The core components and constituents of AI are derived from the concept of logic, cognition, and computation.
Types of Artificial Intelligence
- Narrow AI (Weak AI):
- Able to perform a dedicated task with intelligence.
- Cannot perform beyond its field or limitations.
- Examples: Apple Siri, IBM's Watson supercomputer, playing chess, purchasing suggestions on e-commerce sites, self-driving cars, speech recognition, and image recognition.
- General AI:
- A type of intelligence that could perform any intellectual task with efficiency like a human.
Cognitive Science Approach
- Focus on reasoning process and how results were obtained.
- Provide a new language for expressing cognitive theories and new mechanisms for evaluating them.
- Example: GPS (General Problem Solver) aims to produce a sequence of steps of the reasoning process similar to a person.
Behaviorist Approach
- Focus on behavior and input/output, ignoring how the results were obtained.
- Example: ELIZA, a program that simulated a psychotherapist interacting with a patient, successfully passed the Turing Test.
Heuristics
- Do not guarantee optimal solutions, only offer solutions that are good enough most of the time.
Components of AI
- Knowledge
- Reasoning
- Search
- Natural Language Processing
- Vision
Implementation of AI
- Accelerated by the rapid growth in electronic technology and multiprocessing parallelism.
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