Artificial Intelligence (AI) Basics

What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)

• AI is a branch of computer science focused on creating machines that can perform tasks requiring human-like thinking and decision-making.
• Intelligence is composed of reasoning, learning, problem-solving, perception, and linguistic intelligence.

Key Concepts in AI

• An agent perceives its environment through sensors and acts upon it with effectors.
• Machine perception involves using sensor input to interpret aspects of the world, such as in computer vision.

High-Profile AI Applications

• Autonomous vehicles: drones and self-driving cars.
• Medical diagnosis: AI systems assist in diagnosing diseases.
• Art creation: AI generates poetry and other forms of art.
• Mathematical proofs: AI proves complex theorems.
• Gaming: AI plays chess or Go at a high level.
• Search engines: Google search and similar technologies.
• Online assistants: virtual assistants like Siri.
• Image recognition: identifying objects in photos.
• Spam filtering: email and content filtering.
• Predictive analytics: judicial decision prediction and targeted advertising.

Advancements in AI

• Big data: the growth of the internet, smartphones, and social media provided vast data for AI algorithms.
• Machine learning and deep learning: leveraging big data, AI systems can perform tasks more efficiently.
• Hardware advancements: more powerful and affordable GPUs enable the development of complex AI architectures.

Distinguishing AI and Machine Learning

• Artificial Intelligence (AI): a broad field focused on creating systems capable of performing tasks requiring human-like intelligence.
• Machine Learning (ML): a subset of AI where algorithms learn and improve from experience without explicit programming.

Need and Goals of Artificial Intelligence

• Create expert systems and solve complex problems.
• Replicate human intelligence, solve knowledge-intensive tasks, and exhibit intelligent behavior.

Disciplines Essential for AI Development

• Mathematics
• Biology
• Psychology
• Sociology
• Computer Science
• Neurons Study
• Statistics

Advantages of Artificial Intelligence

• High accuracy with fewer errors
• High speed
• High reliability
• Useful in risky situations
• Digital assistance
• Public utility