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Questions and Answers
What type of sounds are produced by adjusting the glottal opening to states other than voicing or voicelessness?
What type of sounds are produced by adjusting the glottal opening to states other than voicing or voicelessness?
Which of the following is a characteristic of nasal sounds?
Which of the following is a characteristic of nasal sounds?
Which of the following is a type of articulation where the active and passive articulators are close together, preventing air from escaping?
Which of the following is a type of articulation where the active and passive articulators are close together, preventing air from escaping?
What is the term used to describe the vertical relationship between the active and passive articulators in the production of speech sounds?
What is the term used to describe the vertical relationship between the active and passive articulators in the production of speech sounds?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of pharyngeal sounds?
Which of the following is a characteristic of pharyngeal sounds?
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What is the term used to describe the sound at the beginning of the English words 'have' and 'hog'?
What is the term used to describe the sound at the beginning of the English words 'have' and 'hog'?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a point of articulation?
Which of the following is NOT considered a point of articulation?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used to classify consonant phonemes in English?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used to classify consonant phonemes in English?
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Which of the following is considered a bilabial sound in English?
Which of the following is considered a bilabial sound in English?
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What distinguishes voiced and voiceless sounds?
What distinguishes voiced and voiceless sounds?
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What is the term used to describe sounds produced with the tongue placed between the teeth?
What is the term used to describe sounds produced with the tongue placed between the teeth?
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Which of the following English words contains an alveolar consonant sound?
Which of the following English words contains an alveolar consonant sound?
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What is the process of articulation in speech production?
What is the process of articulation in speech production?
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Which of the following is an articulator?
Which of the following is an articulator?
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Which of the following is an example of an alveopalatal consonant sound in English?
Which of the following is an example of an alveopalatal consonant sound in English?
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What is the term used to describe sounds produced with the highest part of the roof of the mouth (the palate)?
What is the term used to describe sounds produced with the highest part of the roof of the mouth (the palate)?
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What is the difference between a consonant and a phoneme?
What is the difference between a consonant and a phoneme?
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Which of the following is an example of a labiodental sound in English?
Which of the following is an example of a labiodental sound in English?
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Study Notes
Pharyngeals
- Pharyngeal sounds are made by modifying airflow in the pharynx by retracting the tongue or constricting the pharynx.
- English does not have pharyngeal sounds, but they can be found in Arabic.
Glottals
- Glottal sounds are produced by adjusting the glottal opening to states other than voicing or voicelessness.
- The sounds at the beginning of the English words "have" and "hog" are made at the glottis.
Manners of Articulation
- Manners of articulation refer to the way the airstream is obstructed.
- The lips, tongue, velum, and glottis can be positioned in different ways to produce different sound types.
Oral vs. Nasal
- Oral sounds are produced with air flowing through only the mouth.
- Nasal sounds are produced by lowering the velum to allow air to pass through the nasal passages.
Articulators and Points of Articulation
- Articulators are parts of the vocal tract that can move to produce sounds (e.g., tongue, lower lip).
- Points of articulation are parts of the vocal tract that cannot move but are involved in articulation.
Consonants and Phonemes
- Consonant phonemes are classified according to their physical means of production.
- The classification is based on:
- Voicing (voiced or voiceless)
- Articulators used
- Places/points of articulation
- Degree of air flow constriction
Voicing
- Speech sounds can be produced while the vocal bands are vibrating (voiced) or not vibrating (voiceless).
Articulation
- Articulation involves bringing an articulator (tongue or lower lip) into contact with a point of articulation while releasing air.
Places/Points of Articulation
- Bilabials are sounds made with both lips (e.g., "peer", "bin", "mouth").
- Labiodentals are sounds made with the lower lip and upper teeth (e.g., "fire", "vow").
- Dentals are sounds made with the tongue placed against or near the teeth (e.g., "this", "thy", "thing/thin").
- Alveolars are sounds made with the tongue touching or near the alveolar ridge (e.g., "top", "deer", "soap", "zip", "lip", "neck").
- Alveopalatal and palatal sounds are made with the tongue near the alveopalatal area or palate (e.g., "show", "measure", "chip", "judge").
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Description
Test your knowledge on the articulators and points of articulation in the vocal tract with this quiz. Identify the parts involved in speech production and understand their functions.
