Arthropoda Subphyla Overview

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Questions and Answers

What feature distinguishes the Chelicerata subphylum from others in Arthropoda?

Presence of antennae

Jointed legs with segmented bodies

Two pair of antennae

Cephalothorax and chelicerae (correct)

Which of the following is true about the respiratory structures of Arachnids?

They breathe through gills.

They do not respire.

They respire using book lungs or tracheal tubes. (correct)

They have spiracles leading to tracheae.

Which characteristic is unique to centipedes compared to millipedes?

They have more legs per segment.

They often role into a ball for protection.

They possess a pair of poison claws. (correct)

They are primarily detritus feeders.

What defines the primary diet of Crustacea?

Carnivores, filter feeders, and parasitic Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature do crayfish lack that is present in many other Arthropods?

Pedipalps Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of Echinodermata sets them apart from other animal phyla?

Radial symmetry Signup and view all the answers

Which part of an insect's body is responsible for holding the legs and wings?

Thorax Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the tracheal tubes in insects?

Respiration Signup and view all the answers

How do brittle stars primarily acquire food?

Detritus feeding Signup and view all the answers

Which echinoderm group is known for having tube feet used for movement?

Asteroidea Signup and view all the answers

Which reproductive strategy is exhibited by some starfish?

External fertilization Signup and view all the answers

What type of circulatory system is found in mollusks like squid and octopus?

Closed circulatory system Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in gastropods is primarily used for feeding?

Radula Signup and view all the answers

How do sea cucumbers primarily use their tube feet?

For feeding and movement Signup and view all the answers

What type of skeleton do Echinodermata possess?

Endoskeleton Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mollusk has two shells hinged together?

Bivalvia Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is true about the nervous system of Echinodermata?

Simple nerve net with no head Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary means of locomotion in starfish?

Tube feet Signup and view all the answers

Which group of echinoderms is known for its filter-feeding mechanism?

Crinoidea Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Arthropoda (Subphyla)

Trilobita:
- Oldest (Cambrian Period)
- Extinct
Chelicerata:
- Cephalothorax: Anterior region—brain, eyes, mouth, esophagus; Posterior region—front of digestive system, pairs of legs
- Abdomen: Internal organs
- Mouthparts: First pair—chelicerae; Second pair—pedipalps (longer)
- No "feelers" on head
- Respiration: Book gills, book lungs, tracheal tubes
- Eurypterids: Extinct, 3 meters long
- Horseshoe Crabs: 5 species
- Arachnids:
  - Cephalothorax: 4 pairs of legs
  - Pedipalps for capturing prey
  - Chelicerae for biting
  - Respiration: Book lungs, tracheal tubes
Crustacea:
- Aquatic
- Carnivores, filter feeders, parasitic
- Appendages:
  - 1st 2 pairs: Feelers, sensory hairs
  - 3rd pair: Mandibles (mouthparts)

Arthropoda (Subphyla)

Insects:
- 3-part body (head, thorax, abdomen)
- 3 pairs of legs (on thorax)
- 1 pair antennae, 1 pair compound eyes
- 2 pairs of wings (on thorax)
- Tracheal tubes for respiration
- Bees: Hair collects pollen; saliva changes nectar to honey (easier to digest); special large muscle for wings; require ATP (energy) via mitochondria.
- Centipedes: Carnivores; pair of poison claws; 1 pair of legs per segment (except first 3)
- Millipedes: Detritus feeders; 2 pairs of legs per segment; live under decaying logs (moist)

Echinodermata (Spiny-Skin)

Radial symmetry
Endoskeleton
Respiration: Diffusion through thin walls
Digestion: Solid food through tube feet and thin digestive layer
Excretion: Ammonia release through tube feet
Movement: Tube feet and muscles
Reproduction: Some monoecious, others release gametes externally.

Mollusca

Polyplacophora (chitons):
- Shell; radula
- Open circulatory; simple nervous system; external fertilization
Gastropoda (snails and slugs):
- Shell (some have no shell); radula
- Open circulatory; simple nervous system; external fertilization
Bivalvia (clams, oysters, scallops):
- 2 shells; no radula
- Open circulatory; simple nervous system; external fertilization; siphons
Cephalopoda (squids, octopuses, nautiluses):
- No shell (except nautiluses); radula
- Closed circulatory; well-developed nervous system; internal fertilization; squids and octopuses have chromatophores (color-changing skin cells).

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Description

This quiz covers the diverse subphyla of Arthropoda, including Trilobita, Chelicerata, Crustacea, and Insects. Explore the anatomical features, respiratory systems, and unique characteristics that define each group. Test your knowledge on these fascinating organisms from ancient trilobites to modern insects.