Arthropoda Quiz: Chelicerata and Mandibulata
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mouthpart type found in insects?

  • Piercing-sucking
  • Mandibulate (correct)
  • Sponging
  • Chelicerate
  • How many pairs of legs do mites have as adults?

  • 6
  • 8 (correct)
  • 4
  • 3
  • Which body region is not present in mites?

  • Head
  • Abdomen
  • Thorax (correct)
  • Cephalothorax
  • What type of eyes might be present in mites?

    <p>May be present or absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of the body structure of insects?

    <p>Three body regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the body structure of organisms in the subphylum Chelicerata?

    <p>Possess 6 pairs of appendages and lack antennae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of the class Arachnida?

    <p>Has chelicerae and pedipalps as mouthparts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the class Insecta is true?

    <p>Insects may have none, one, or two pairs of wings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the class Chilopoda from the class Diplopoda?

    <p>Chilopoda exhibits 1 pair of legs per segment, while Diplopoda has 2 pairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies a feature of Class Crustacea?

    <p>Possesses a head with well-defined mandibles and 2 pairs of antennae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Key Features of Arthropoda

    • Sclerotized exoskeleton composed of chitin, a nitrogenous polysaccharide.

    Subphyla of Arthropoda

    • Chelicerata:

      • Body segmented into cephalothorax and abdomen.
      • Possess 6 pairs of appendages: chelicerae (first pair), pedipalps (second pair), and 4 pairs locomotor appendages.
      • No antennae present (includes spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, crabs).
    • Mandibulata:

      • Distinct head separate from thorax.
      • Equipped with mandibles for cutting and grinding.
      • Typically have 1 or 2 antennae and several pairs of mouthparts (includes insects, millipedes, centipedes).

    Classes Within Arthropoda

    • Class Arachnida:

      • Body divided into prosoma (cephalothorax) and opisthosoma (abdomen).
      • Prosoma contains chelicerae, pedipalps, and 4 pairs of legs; lacks antennae.
      • Opisthosoma has no locomotor appendages.
    • Class Crustacea:

      • Varied body regions with an unsegmented carapace covering the head and thorax; distinctly segmented abdomen.
      • Biramous appendages and compound eyes on stalks.
      • Head features 2 pairs of antennae, mandibles, and 2 pairs of maxillae.
    • Class Chilopoda (Centipedes):

      • Exhibits distinct external segmentation.
      • Composed of head and trunk, with trunk segments each having 1 pair of legs.
      • First trunk segment has poison claws resembling mouthparts.
    • Class Diplopoda (Millipedes):

      • Clear external segmentation with a distinct head.
      • Thorax poorly differentiated from head; consists of fused body segments resulting in 2 pairs of legs per segment.
    • Class Insecta:

      • Divided into head, thorax, and abdomen with 3 pairs of legs and 1 or 2 pairs of wings.
      • Contains segmented antennae and features simple and compound eyes.

    Distinctions Between Insects and Mites

    • Insects:

      • 3 body regions: head, thorax, abdomen.
      • 6 legs (3 pairs), mandibles for feeding, 2 pairs of wings or none.
    • Mites:

      • 2 body regions: cephalothorax and abdomen.
      • 8 legs (4 pairs) as adults; larvae possess 6 legs. Chelicerate mouthparts.

    General Structure of Insects

    • Bilaterally symmetrical; body divided into head (with compound and simple eyes), thorax (with 3 segments and locomotor capabilities), and abdomen (typically 11 segments, lacking legs).

    Head Orientation Types in Insects

    • Hypognathous: Mouthparts directed ventrally (e.g., grasshoppers).
    • Prognathous: Mouthparts oriented forward (e.g., carabid beetles).
    • Opisthognathous: Mouthparts positioned posteriorly (e.g., cicadas).

    Vision in Insects

    • Compound eyes consist of multiple facets, providing mosaic vision.
    • Ocelli adapted for detecting light intensity; positioned triangularly between compound eyes.
    • Insects can readily distinguish blue and yellow but are unable to perceive red light.

    Antennae Functions and Types

    • Antennae are sensory organs for touch, smell, humidity detection, and hearing.
    • Types of antennae:
      • Setaceous, filiform, moniliform, serrate, clavate, capitulate, lamellate, flabellate, pectinate, plumose, bipectinate, geniculate, aristate, and stylate.

    Mouthparts Structure in Insects

    • Generalized mouthparts consist of labrum, mandibles, maxillae, labium, and hypopharynx; adapted for various feeding habits.
    • Labrum: Upper lip with sclerotized structure.
    • Mandibles: Powerful jaws moving laterally for chewing.
    • Maxillae: Paired structures that assist in food manipulation, with a cardo and stipes supported by segmented palps.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the phylum Arthropoda, focusing on its two main subphyla: Chelicerata and Mandibulata. This quiz covers their characteristics, anatomy, and distinguishing features. Perfect for biology students and enthusiasts looking to deepen their understanding of arthropods.

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