Arteriovenous Grafts Quiz

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What is the common feature in permanent vascular access devices?

Use of large-bore needles

Creation of an AV fistula in the thigh

Synthetic material used for grafting

Conduit connection between arterial and venous circulation (correct)

When is an AVF usually ready to use following surgery?

6 months

3 weeks

1 week

1-3 months (correct)

What is the purpose of temporary vascular access devices in hemodialysis?

To establish long-term access to the patient's vascular system

To provide access to patients for blood transfusions

To replace permanent vascular access devices

To provide immediate access to acutely ill patients in need of hemodialysis (correct)

What is the purpose of inserting needles into the vessel in the context of AVF?

To obtain adequate blood flow for dialysis Signup and view all the answers

Why might a patient with compromised vascular systems require a graft instead of an AV fistula?

Their native vessels are not suitable for AV fistula creation Signup and view all the answers

How is a temporary vascular access device inserted?

By inserting a double-lumen, large-bore catheter into the subclavian, internal jugular, or femoral vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the outflow catheter section in a temporary vascular access device?

Pulls blood flow through openings proximal to inflow openings Signup and view all the answers

What must be established for hemodialysis to occur according to the text?

Access to the patient's vascular system Signup and view all the answers

Which component of hemodialysis is responsible for cleansing the blood in a dialyzer?

Dialyzers Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the dialysate in hemodialysis?

To maintain important electrolyte concentrations Signup and view all the answers

Why are temporary vascular access devices considered necessary in some cases?

When immediate access is needed for acutely ill patients who require hemodialysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inflating the cuff of an endotracheal tube after insertion?

To prevent air leaking around the tube Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes temporary vascular access devices from permanent devices?

Temporary devices are used for short-term access in emergencies. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to maintain cuff pressures between 15 and 20 mm Hg in endotracheal intubation?

To minimize the possibility of aspiration Signup and view all the answers

What complications can arise from high cuff pressure in endotracheal intubation?

Tracheal bleeding, ischemia, and pressure necrosis Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to introduce warmed, humidified oxygen through the endotracheal tube?

To provide appropriate respiratory support Signup and view all the answers

Why is a tracheostomy considered when endotracheal intubation is used for more than 3 weeks?

To decrease irritation and trauma to the tracheal lining Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using soft wrist restraints in the context of endotracheal intubation?

To prevent tube removal by the patient Signup and view all the answers

When is the use of restraints not needed for a patient with an endotracheal tube?

When the patient is alert, oriented, and cooperative Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a cuff in a tracheostomy tube?

To occlude the space between the tracheal walls and the tube Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the trachea is a surgical opening typically made during a tracheotomy?

Between the second and third tracheal rings Signup and view all the answers

What is an early complication that may occur in the course of tracheostomy tube management?

Infection Signup and view all the answers