Questions and Answers
What is the oldest method of printing that includes woodcut, wood engraving, and linocut?
What is a woodcut?
A relief print made by carving an image into a block of wood.
What is the difference between woodcut and wood engraving?
A woodcut is cut along the grain, while wood engraving is cut across the grain.
Where did the earliest surviving images in woodcut originate?
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China invented both paper and ________.
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What did the first books printed in England use woodcuts to create?
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Woodcut is ________ & ________ compared to other printing techniques.
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What is the first book with woodcut images from China?
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How many copies of the woodcut were made for universal free distribution?
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What is wood engraving?
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What is a matrix in printing?
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What printing method is created using the same concept as a stencil?
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What is used to hold a stencil in screen printing?
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Screen printing can be used on many different materials from fabrics to ________.
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Screen printing can incorporate complex images into _________ colors.
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The stencil used in screen printing is made of a special ________.
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In screen printing, a different screen is used for each ________.
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What is linocut?
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What is the printed image called?
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What is a monotype?
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Monotype uses _________ designed on a plate of glass or metal.
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During monotype printing, what is placed on top of the wet paint?
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What process is Alois Senefelder credited with?
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What is the Italian term for 'to cut'?
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In intaglio, areas to print are _______ the surface of the printing plate.
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In intaglio, sharp tools or ________ are used to make lines and grooves in a __________.
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In intaglio, once the plate is inked and the ink is in the depressions, the surface is ______.
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What are the six types of intaglio printing?
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What printing method is based on the concept that oil and water do not mix?
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In lithography, the image is drawn with a greasy _____ on a grainy plate or _______.
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Who sought an inexpensive way to print music?
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Lithography is a _______ process, meaning not raised or depressed into the surface of the printing plate.
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What is the total number of prints made from a given plate or block?
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What is the oldest intaglio technique?
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What tool is used in engraving to cut lines in the metal plate?
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It is hard to tell the difference between an engraving and a fine ______ drawing.
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One of a series of three prints that became known is the ______ engravings.
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Study Notes
Relief Printing
- Relief printing is the oldest printing method, utilizing techniques like woodcut, wood engraving, and linocut.
- A woodcut involves drawing an image on wood, cutting away non-printed areas, inking the raised parts, and pressing onto paper.
Woodcut vs Wood Engraving
- Woodcut is made along the grain of the wood, while wood engraving is created across the grain.
- The Diamond Sutra, a Buddhist text from 868 C.E., is the earliest surviving woodcut image from China.
Historical Context
- China is credited with inventing both paper and printing.
- The first printed books in England featured woodcut illustrations, highlighting the technique's historical significance.
Characteristics of Woodcut
- Woodcuts are known for being coarse and unrefined compared to other printing methods.
- Only one surviving copy of a universally distributed woodcut exists.
Wood Engraving
- Wood engraving uses a finely crafted end piece of wood for intricate designs, allowing detailed imagery.
Matrix and Screenprinting
- The matrix is a design surface for transferring images to another medium.
- Screenprinting employs a fine mesh with a stencil, fixed into a frame, and can be applied to various materials, including glass.
Color and Stencils
- Screenprinting allows for multiple colors in a single image, using a separate stencil for each color.
Linocut Technique
- Linocut is similar to woodcut but utilizes linoleum as the carving medium.
- The final printed outcome is referred to as an impression.
Monotype Process
- Monotype yields a single print and employs oil paints on a glass or metal plate.
- The image is transferred from wet paint to paper using pressure.
Lithography
- Alois Senefelder is credited with developing lithography, a planographic printing method that relies on the immiscibility of oil and water.
- The process involves drawing with a greasy crayon on treated stone or plate.
Intaglio Printing
- Intaglio, meaning “to cut” in Italian, involves engraving below the surface of the printing plate with sharp tools or acid on metal.
- After inking, the plate's surface is wiped clean, leaving ink only in the incised lines.
Types of Intaglio
- Engraving, Drypoint, Mezzotint, Etching, Aquatint, and Photogravure are the six primary intaglio techniques.
Print Editions and Engraving
- An edition refers to the total number of prints generated from a specific plate or block.
- Engraving is the oldest intaglio technique, typically using a burin, a sharp V-shaped tool for incising lines into the metal plate.
Comparison with Other Techniques
- It is often difficult to distinguish between an engraving and a fine pen drawing.
- The Master Engravings consist of a series of three notable prints, reflecting the artistry and complexity of engraving in art history.
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Description
Explore essential terms and definitions from Art Chapter 8 with our flashcards. This quiz focuses on relief printing techniques, including woodcut and linocut. Test your knowledge of art methods and enhance your understanding of this important artistic process.
