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Questions and Answers
What is one reason why non-pharmacological techniques are preferred for arrhythmia treatment?
Which of the following is NOT a non-pharmacological technique for treating arrhythmias?
Which class of antiarrhythmic drug predominantly blocks sodium channels and increases action potential duration (APD)?
What is a common characteristic of Class Ib antiarrhythmic drugs?
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Which of the following antiarrhythmic drugs is indicated for oral use and commonly used?
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What are potential adverse effects of the drug mentioned in the therapeutic uses for atrial arrhythmia?
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Which of the following is a therapeutic use for the described drug?
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What is the recommended route of administration for the therapeutic effects mentioned for arrhythmias?
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Which condition is particularly noted for being induced by digitalis?
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What aspect of metabolism is highlighted for the therapy provided?
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Study Notes
Non-Pharmacological Techniques for Arrhythmia Treatment
- Non-pharmacological techniques are preferred for arrhythmia treatment due to the arrhythmogenic effects of some drugs and the efficacy of these techniques.
- Non-pharmacological techniques include Ablation, Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator, Artificial Pacemaker, Vagal Stimulation, and DC Shock.
Class I Antiarrhythmic Drugs
- Class I antiarrhythmic drugs block sodium channels, affecting the rate of depolarization and the duration of the action potential.
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Ia drugs block sodium and potassium channels, increasing the duration of the action potential.
- Examples: Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide.
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Ib drugs block sodium channels but have little to no effect on potassium channels or the duration of the action potential.
- Examples: Lidocaine, Mexiletine, Phenytoin.
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Ic drugs block sodium channels and have no effect on potassium channels or the duration of the action potential.
- Examples: Flecainide, Propafenone.
Class II (β-blockers)
- Beta-blockers decrease heart rate, contractility, and conduction velocity.
- Examples: Esmolol, Propranolol, Sotalol.
Class III (K channel blockers)
- Class III drugs block potassium channels, prolonging the action potential duration.
- Examples: Amiodarone, Dofetilide, Sotalol.
Class IV (Ca channel blockers)
- Class IV drugs block calcium channels, reducing heart rate and contractility.
- Examples: Verapamil, Dronedarone.
Other Antiarrhythmic Drugs
- Adenosine is used for emergency treatments of supraventricular tachycardias.
- Digoxin is used for prophylaxis of supraventricular tachycardia, but not for emergency treatment.
- Magnesium Sulfate is used for Torsades de Pointes.
Emergency and Prophylaxis Treatment
- Emergency treatment for supraventricular arrhythmia includes adenosine.
- Prophylaxis treatment for supraventricular arrhythmia includes digitalis, beta blockers, Ca channel blockers, and amiodarone.
- Emergency treatment for ventricular arrhythmia includes Class Ib agents, such as lidocaine, and DC shock.
- Prophylaxis treatment for ventricular arrhythmia includes mexiletine and phenytoin.
- Torsades de Pointes is treated with Magnesium Sulfate.
Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrome
- Amiodarone and Sotalol are used to treat Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrome.
- Class Ib drugs can also be used to treat Wolf-Parkinson-White Syndrome.
N.B.
- Bradyarrhythmia is treated with atropine or corticosteroids.
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Description
Explore non-pharmacological techniques for treating arrhythmia and understand the various Class I antiarrhythmic drugs. This quiz covers methods such as Ablation and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator, alongside the pharmacological mechanisms of Class I drugs. Test your knowledge on important treatments and medications for arrhythmia.
