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Questions and Answers
What must be true about all elements in an array?
What must be true about all elements in an array?
- They can only store primitive data types.
- They must be initialized before use.
- They can be of different data types.
- They must be of the same data type. (correct)
What is the consequence of using an out-of-bounds index in an array?
What is the consequence of using an out-of-bounds index in an array?
- The program will return a default value.
- The compiler will throw an error.
- The program will crash consistently.
- It may lead to unpredictable behavior. (correct)
Which statement correctly describes how arrays are created in C++?
Which statement correctly describes how arrays are created in C++?
- Arrays can be dynamically sized at runtime.
- Arrays must have a fixed size determined at compile-time. (correct)
- Arrays automatically initialize their elements to zero.
- Arrays require manual memory management.
How are elements in an array accessed in C++?
How are elements in an array accessed in C++?
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Which declaration correctly initializes an array of integers?
Which declaration correctly initializes an array of integers?
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Study Notes
Arrays
- Arrays are linear data structures
- Used to store elements of the same data type
- Arrays are created at compile-time with a fixed size
- Elements are stored in contiguous memory locations
Array Declaration
int numbers[10];declares an array namednumbersto hold 10 integersconst int MAX = 10;declares a constantMAXwith a value of 10#define MAX 10defines a pre-processor constantMAXwith a value of 10
Array Initialization
- By default, local arrays are not initialized
- Arrays of types
int, char, floatetc., elements have undetermined values - Class type arrays (e.g.,
std::string) will have elements initialized by the class's default constructor
Array Access
- Elements are accessed using the
[index]notation - Indexes are 0-based, meaning the first element has an index of 0
- It is the developer's responsibility to ensure indexes are within bounds
- Out-of-bounds access is a runtime error that may lead to crashes
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