Arrays in Data Structures
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Questions and Answers

What is the time complexity of accessing an element in an array?

  • O(n/2)
  • O(n)
  • O(log n)
  • O(1) (correct)

What is the primary characteristic of an array in terms of its element storage?

  • Elements are of different data types
  • Elements are stored in contiguous memory locations (correct)
  • Elements are stored in a dynamic size
  • Elements are stored in non-contiguous memory locations

What is the time complexity of inserting or deleting an element in an array?

  • O(n) (correct)
  • O(1)
  • O(n/2)
  • O(log n)

What is the space complexity of linear search?

<p>O(1) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the worst-case time complexity of linear search?

<p>O(n) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Arrays

  • A data structure that stores a collection of elements, each identified by an index or key
  • Elements are stored in contiguous memory locations
  • Each element is of the same data type
  • Arrays have a fixed size, which is determined at the time of creation
  • Operations:
    • Accessing an element: O(1) time complexity
    • Inserting or deleting an element: O(n) time complexity, where n is the size of the array
    • Searching for an element: O(n) time complexity (see Linear Search below)
  • A search algorithm used to find an element in a data structure, such as an array
  • Works by iterating through the elements of the data structure one by one, checking if the target element is equal to the current element
  • Time complexity: O(n), where n is the size of the data structure
  • Space complexity: O(1), since only a single element is accessed at a time
  • Linear search is not efficient for large data structures, but it is simple to implement and works well for small data structures
  • Example pseudo-code:
for i = 0 to n-1
  if array[i] == target
    return i
return -1  // element not found

Note: The time complexity of linear search can be improved to O(n/2) on average by starting the search from the middle of the array, but the worst-case time complexity remains O(n).

Arrays

  • Stores a collection of elements, each identified by an index or key
  • Elements are stored in contiguous memory locations
  • Each element is of the same data type
  • Fixed size, determined at the time of creation
  • Operations have different time complexities:
    • Accessing an element: O(1)
    • Inserting or deleting an element: O(n)
    • Searching for an element: O(n)

Linear Search

  • A search algorithm used to find an element in a data structure
  • Iterates through elements one by one, checking for the target element
  • Time complexity: O(n)
  • Space complexity: O(1)
  • Not efficient for large data structures, but simple to implement and suitable for small data structures
  • Can be improved to O(n/2) on average by starting from the middle of the array
  • Pseudo-code example:
    • Iterate through the array from index 0 to n-1
    • Check if the current element is equal to the target
    • Return the index if found, -1 if not found

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Description

Learn about arrays, a data structure that stores a collection of elements, each identified by an index or key. Understand operations such as accessing, inserting, and searching for elements.

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