Arrays Basics and Functions

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Questions and Answers

What does the expression `scores[2*i + 1]` represent in the context of accessing array elements?

It refers to a constant value stored in the array.

It always returns the value at index 1.

It returns the sum of the first two elements in the array.

It returns the value at the index calculated by the expression for the given array. (correct)

Which statement is true regarding legal indices for an array declared to be size n?

Indices can only be negative numbers.

Indices can be from 0 to n-1. (correct)

Any integer value can be used as an index.

Only even numbers can be used as indices.

If `int y = scores[scores];` is executed, what will be the likely outcome?

It will cause a syntax error.

It will yield undefined behavior. (correct)

It will return the last value in the scores array.

It will reference an index based on the value at the first position.

What does the statement `int z = scores[max(4,2)];` accomplish?

It retrieves the value from the array using the maximum of 4 and 2 as an index. Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial value of `x` in the provided code if `int i = 1;`?

It is 8. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using an array in programming?

To store multiple variables under a single name. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the size characteristics of an array?

An array's size must be determined at compile time. Signup and view all the answers

How are individual elements within an array accessed?

Using numerical indices inside brackets. Signup and view all the answers

What types of variables can be stored in a single array?

Only variables of the same type. Signup and view all the answers

If an array is defined to hold 150 integers, what kind of values will initially be in the array?

All random garbage values. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of arrays, what does 'contiguous memory' mean?

The memory for the array elements is allocated one after the other. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following operations cannot be performed on arrays?

Resizing the array after it has been defined. Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a programmer tries to access an index in an array that does not exist?

An error will occur leading to an exception. Signup and view all the answers

Why might using an array be more convenient than individual variables?

All variables can be accessed through a single variable name. Signup and view all the answers

What must a programmer do to use an array effectively?

Declare the array type and size before using it. Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if a function is called before its prototype is declared?

The compiler will produce a compile error. Signup and view all the answers

What does a function prototype include?

Parameter data types and return type, but not parameter names. Signup and view all the answers

Why are prototypes critical in programming?

They ensure that functions are called with the correct syntax. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to declare a function prototype for triangle_area?

double triangle_area(double b, double h); Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the function main() in the given content?

It serves as the entry point for program execution. Signup and view all the answers

How does a compiler find the order of function definitions when compiling?

It scans the file from top to bottom. Signup and view all the answers

What may happen if you do not use prototypes for functions?

Syntax errors may go unnoticed. Signup and view all the answers

What does the return statement in the triangle_area function do?

It returns the area of the triangle calculated. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Arrays Basics

Fixed size collection of variables with the same type, accessible with an index.
Stored contiguously in memory.
Cannot be resized after creation.
One name refers to all variables in the array.
Indexed from 0 to n-1, where n is the size of the array.

Index vs. Value

The expression in brackets is an index.
Array[index] returns the value at that index.
An index can be any expression, including values from arrays and functions.

Array Intro (1)

Initial values can be garbage values.
Arrays can be initialized declaratively.
Arrays can be initialized using a for loop.

More Function Details

Functions need to be defined or prototyped before use.
Prototypes provide the compiler with information about function arguments and return types.
Prototypes are needed to allow the compiler to verify function calls before the function definition.
Prototypes are especially important when functions are defined in separate files.
Prototypes help ensure that the arguments are correctly passed to the function and prevent errors.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of arrays, including their fixed size, index-based access, and memory storage. It also delves into the details of function prototypes and their significance in programming, particularly for array manipulation. Test your knowledge on these essential programming topics.