ARP Process and IPv4 Addresses

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Questions and Answers

When a host has an IPv4 packet sent to a host on a remote network, what address is requested in the ARP request?

the MAC address of the switch port that connects to the sending host

the MAC address of the default gateway, the router interface closest to the sending host (correct)

the IPv4 address of the default gateway

the IPv4 address of the destination host

How does the ARP process use an IPv4 address?

to determine the MAC address of the remote destination host

to determine the MAC address of a device on the same network (correct)

to determine the amount of time a packet takes when traveling from source to destination

to determine the network number based on the number of bits in the IP address

What does the ARP table in a switch map together?

Layer 3 address to a Layer 4 address

Layer 3 address to a Layer 2 address (correct)

Layer 4 address to a Layer 2 address

Layer 2 address to a Layer 4 address

What is one function of the ARP protocol?

resolving an IPv4 address to a MAC address Signup and view all the answers

Which router component holds the routing table, ARP cache, and running configuration file?

RAM Signup and view all the answers

What type of information is contained in an ARP table?

IPv4 address-to-MAC address mappings Signup and view all the answers

A cybersecurity analyst believes an attacker is spoofing the MAC address of the default gateway to perform a man-in-the-middle attack. Which command should the analyst use to view the MAC address a host is using to reach the default gateway?

arp -a Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of ARP?

resolving known IPv4 addresses to unknown MAC addresses Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ARP in an IPv4 network?

to obtain a specific MAC address when an IP address is known Signup and view all the answers

What action does a Layer 2 switch take when it receives a Layer 2 broadcast frame?

It forwards the frame out all ports. Signup and view all the answers

What is the destination MAC address used in an ARP request?

FFFF.FFFF.FFFF Signup and view all the answers

What is the destination MAC address of an ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation message?

multicast Signup and view all the answers

What does a Layer 2 switch do when the destination MAC address of a received frame is not in the MAC table?

It broadcasts the frame out all ports on the switch. Signup and view all the answers

Which two ICMPv6 messages are used during the Ethernet MAC address resolution process?

Neighbor Advertisement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ARP in a network?

Resolving known IPv4 addresses to unknown MAC addresses Signup and view all the answers

What action does a Layer 2 switch take when it receives a frame with a MAC address not in its MAC table?

It broadcasts the frame out all ports on the switch. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ARP Protocol and Address Resolution

When a host sends an IPv4 packet to a remote network, it requests the MAC address of the default gateway in the ARP request.
ARP uses an IPv4 address to determine the MAC address of a device on the same network.

ARP Table and Address Mapping

The ARP table in a switch maps a Layer 3 address to a Layer 2 address.
The ARP table contains IPv4 address-to-MAC address mappings.

Router Components and Functions

The ARP cache is held in a router's RAM.
The function of ARP is to resolve known IPv4 addresses to unknown MAC addresses.

Security and ARP Spoofing

To view the MAC address a host is using to reach the default gateway, use the command arp -a.
ARP spoofing can be used to perform a man-in-the-middle attack.

Layer 2 Switches and Frames

When a Layer 2 switch receives a Layer 2 broadcast frame, it forwards the frame out all ports.
If the destination MAC address of a received frame is not in the MAC table, the switch broadcasts the frame out all ports on the switch.

ICMPv6 Messages and Address Resolution

The destination MAC address of an ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation message is a multicast address.
The two ICMPv6 messages used during the Ethernet MAC address resolution process are Neighbor Solicitation and Neighbor Advertisement.

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Description

Test your knowledge on how ARP requests are sent and processed in a network, including the addresses involved.