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Questions and Answers
When a host has an IPv4 packet sent to a host on a remote network, what address is requested in the ARP request?
When a host has an IPv4 packet sent to a host on a remote network, what address is requested in the ARP request?
- the MAC address of the switch port that connects to the sending host
- the MAC address of the default gateway, the router interface closest to the sending host (correct)
- the IPv4 address of the default gateway
- the IPv4 address of the destination host
How does the ARP process use an IPv4 address?
How does the ARP process use an IPv4 address?
- to determine the MAC address of the remote destination host
- to determine the MAC address of a device on the same network (correct)
- to determine the amount of time a packet takes when traveling from source to destination
- to determine the network number based on the number of bits in the IP address
What does the ARP table in a switch map together?
What does the ARP table in a switch map together?
- Layer 3 address to a Layer 4 address
- Layer 3 address to a Layer 2 address (correct)
- Layer 4 address to a Layer 2 address
- Layer 2 address to a Layer 4 address
What is one function of the ARP protocol?
What is one function of the ARP protocol?
Which router component holds the routing table, ARP cache, and running configuration file?
Which router component holds the routing table, ARP cache, and running configuration file?
What type of information is contained in an ARP table?
What type of information is contained in an ARP table?
A cybersecurity analyst believes an attacker is spoofing the MAC address of the default gateway to perform a man-in-the-middle attack. Which command should the analyst use to view the MAC address a host is using to reach the default gateway?
A cybersecurity analyst believes an attacker is spoofing the MAC address of the default gateway to perform a man-in-the-middle attack. Which command should the analyst use to view the MAC address a host is using to reach the default gateway?
What is a function of ARP?
What is a function of ARP?
What is the purpose of ARP in an IPv4 network?
What is the purpose of ARP in an IPv4 network?
What action does a Layer 2 switch take when it receives a Layer 2 broadcast frame?
What action does a Layer 2 switch take when it receives a Layer 2 broadcast frame?
What is the destination MAC address used in an ARP request?
What is the destination MAC address used in an ARP request?
What is the destination MAC address of an ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation message?
What is the destination MAC address of an ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation message?
What does a Layer 2 switch do when the destination MAC address of a received frame is not in the MAC table?
What does a Layer 2 switch do when the destination MAC address of a received frame is not in the MAC table?
Which two ICMPv6 messages are used during the Ethernet MAC address resolution process?
Which two ICMPv6 messages are used during the Ethernet MAC address resolution process?
What is the primary function of ARP in a network?
What is the primary function of ARP in a network?
What action does a Layer 2 switch take when it receives a frame with a MAC address not in its MAC table?
What action does a Layer 2 switch take when it receives a frame with a MAC address not in its MAC table?
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Study Notes
ARP Protocol and Address Resolution
- When a host sends an IPv4 packet to a remote network, it requests the MAC address of the default gateway in the ARP request.
- ARP uses an IPv4 address to determine the MAC address of a device on the same network.
ARP Table and Address Mapping
- The ARP table in a switch maps a Layer 3 address to a Layer 2 address.
- The ARP table contains IPv4 address-to-MAC address mappings.
Router Components and Functions
- The ARP cache is held in a router's RAM.
- The function of ARP is to resolve known IPv4 addresses to unknown MAC addresses.
Security and ARP Spoofing
- To view the MAC address a host is using to reach the default gateway, use the command
arp -a. - ARP spoofing can be used to perform a man-in-the-middle attack.
Layer 2 Switches and Frames
- When a Layer 2 switch receives a Layer 2 broadcast frame, it forwards the frame out all ports.
- If the destination MAC address of a received frame is not in the MAC table, the switch broadcasts the frame out all ports on the switch.
ICMPv6 Messages and Address Resolution
- The destination MAC address of an ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation message is a multicast address.
- The two ICMPv6 messages used during the Ethernet MAC address resolution process are Neighbor Solicitation and Neighbor Advertisement.
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