Aromatic Compounds and Arenes

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Questions and Answers

What is the hybrid structure that represents the actual structure of benzene?

  • Resonance structure (correct)
  • Hückel's annulene structure
  • Molecular orbital structure
  • Kekulé structure

What is the major limitation of the Kekulé structure of benzene?

  • It does not account for the planarity of the molecule
  • It does not account for the unusual chemical reactivity of benzene (correct)
  • It does not account for the molecular orbitals of benzene
  • It does not account for the resonance of benzene

What is the bond order of the C-C bonds in benzene?

  • 2
  • 3
  • 1
  • 1.5 (correct)

What is the molecular formula of benzene?

<p>C6H6 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in benzene?

<p>sp2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the Kekulé structure of benzene?

<p>August Kekulé (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary product of the nitration of toluene?

<p>A mixture of products resulting from substitution at the ortho and para positions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Lewis acid catalysts in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation?

<p>To catalyze the reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the electrophile in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation?

<p>The alkyl cation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suffix used to name acyl groups systematically?

<p>-oyl (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who first studied the reactions of carbocations with aromatic compounds?

<p>Charles Friedel and James Crafts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of reaction that occurs in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation?

<p>Electrophilic aromatic substitution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of all carbon-carbon bonds in benzene?

<p>1.397 Å (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for benzene's aromaticity?

<p>The delocalization of π electrons within its hexagonal ring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when bromine is added to benzene?

<p>The bromine color remains (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of long-term exposure to benzene on the body?

<p>A decrease in the number of red blood cells and an increase in the number of malfunctioning white blood cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bond angle in benzene?

<p>120° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction occurs when a catalyst is added to the mixture of bromine and benzene?

<p>Substitution reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between ethylbenzene and chlorine in the presence of light?

<p>Alphachloroethylbenzene (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reagents are used in the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction to produce ethyl phenyl ketone?

<p>AlCl3 and propanoyl chloride (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between aromatic and antiaromatic compounds?

<p>Aromatic compounds have 2, 6, or 10 π electrons, while antiaromatic compounds have 4 or 8 π electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of phenylalanine for humans and animals?

<p>They can obtain it from the diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a by-product of the reaction between bromine and benzene?

<p>HBr gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does benzene show resonance?

<p>Due to the presence of three conjugated double bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds can also be aromatic, aside from benzene?

<p>Heterocyclic compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why alkylbenzenes undergo free-radical halogenation more easily than alkanes?

<p>Formation of a resonance-stabilized benzylic radical (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the Clemmensen reduction of ethyl phenyl ketone?

<p>Ethylbenzene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sodium hydroxide in the chemistry of phenols?

<p>It deprotonates phenols to form phenoxide ions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is pyridine?

<p>An aromatic nitrogen analogue of benzene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of phenols that makes them more acidic than water?

<p>Their ability to form phenoxide ions easily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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