Aritmética: Los Fundamentos de la Suma y la Resta

Arithmetic: The Fundamentals of Addition and Subtraction

Arithmetic is the foundation of mathematics, dealing with numerical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. This article delves into the topics of addition and subtraction, two fundamental concepts that form the core of arithmetic.

Addition: Combining Numbers describes addition as combining two or more numbers to create a new total. Addition follows certain properties such as:

• Commutativity: For example, 2 + 3 and 3 + 2 both equal 5.
• Associativity: In an equation like (2 + 3) + 4, it doesn't matter whether you add 3 to 4 first or 4 to 2 + 3. Both will result in 7.
• Identity: Adding zero to any number leaves the original number unchanged. For example, 3 + 0 = 3.
• Inverse: If you add the additive inverse (negative) of a number, you get back the original number. For example, 3 + (-3) = 0.

To help students understand and become proficient in addition, educators employ various strategies like introducing visual models, teaching methods, and incorporating hands-on activities. Additionally, digital tools and resources are available to enhance learning experiences, ensuring that students master this foundational skill.

Subtraction: Taking Away Numbers

Subtraction is the opposite of addition. According to, it involves taking away a smaller number from a larger number, resulting in a new quantity. The principles behind subtraction include:

• Equal Addition Principle: By adding the same number to two numbers, the difference remains constant. For example, 37 - 18 = 39 - 20 = 19.
• Borrowing: When performing subtraction with carrying over a digit from one column to another, aka 'borrowing', the operation becomes more complex.
• Decomposing: Breaking down a larger number into smaller parts and working through each part separately is crucial for understanding subtraction.

Mastering subtraction lays the groundwork for understanding more advanced mathematical concepts, including multiplication and division. Similar to addition, educators implement a range of teaching methods and resources to ensure students develop a strong grasp of subtraction concepts.

In conclusion, arithmetic serves as the bedrock upon which our understanding of mathematics is built. The ability to perform accurate calculations using addition and subtraction is vital for success in mathematics and everyday life situations.