Aristotle's Ethics: Virtue and the Golden Mean
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Questions and Answers

What does Aristotle consider justice to mean?

  • Being partial towards certain individuals
  • Taking away from the undeserving
  • Punishing those who don't deserve
  • Giving people what they deserve (correct)

    • How did Aristotle reason from the purpose of a good to its proper allocation?

  • Ethical reasoning
  • Teleological reasoning (correct)
  • Scientific reasoning
  • Intuitive reasoning

    • What did Plato and Aristotle believe about nature in terms of purpose?

  • Nature's purpose is unknown
  • Nature has a meaningful order with a purpose (correct)
  • Purpose is irrelevant in nature
  • Nature has no purpose, it's chaotic

    • What changed with the advent of modern science's understanding of nature?

    <p>Nature ceased to be seen as a meaningful order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of politics today, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Distribution of income, wealth, and opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For Aristotle, what was distributive justice primarily about?

    <p>Offices and honors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Aristotle describe ethical virtue as?

    <p>A tendency or disposition induced by our habits to have appropriate feelings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Aristotle, what is the Golden Mean in ethics?

    <p>An intermediate state between excess and deficiency for every ethical virtue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does practical wisdom play for virtuous individuals according to Aristotle?

    <p>Allows them to make rational decisions and determine the mean in challenging situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Aristotle's view, what do good individuals serve as?

    <p>A measure and standard whose opinions should be authoritative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the hypothetical 'State of Nature' refer to in John Locke's philosophy?

    <p>The period of time before people formed societies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does John Locke contribute to the development of social contract theory?

    <p>By suggesting that individuals have natural rights and form societies based on a social contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of politics according to Aristotle?

    <p>An expression of human nature and an essential aspect of the good life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the telos of a polis according to Aristotle?

    <p>Eudaimonia (the good life)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Aristotle's ethics, what is Arete?

    <p>Virtue or excellence in fulfilling one's purpose or goal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Eudaimonia in Aristotle's ethics?

    <p>Happiness, flourishing, the highest good</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Aristotle, why do we study ethics?

    <p>To be more capable of living the best life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes practical wisdom (phronesis) in Aristotle's view?

    <p>Knowing how to deliberate well about what is good for oneself and others</p> Signup and view all the answers

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