18 Questions
What does Aristotle consider justice to mean?
Giving people what they deserve
How did Aristotle reason from the purpose of a good to its proper allocation?
Teleological reasoning
What did Plato and Aristotle believe about nature in terms of purpose?
Nature has a meaningful order with a purpose
What changed with the advent of modern science's understanding of nature?
Nature ceased to be seen as a meaningful order
What is the main focus of politics today, as mentioned in the text?
Distribution of income, wealth, and opportunities
For Aristotle, what was distributive justice primarily about?
Offices and honors
What does Aristotle describe ethical virtue as?
A tendency or disposition induced by our habits to have appropriate feelings
According to Aristotle, what is the Golden Mean in ethics?
An intermediate state between excess and deficiency for every ethical virtue
What role does practical wisdom play for virtuous individuals according to Aristotle?
Allows them to make rational decisions and determine the mean in challenging situations
In Aristotle's view, what do good individuals serve as?
A measure and standard whose opinions should be authoritative
What does the hypothetical 'State of Nature' refer to in John Locke's philosophy?
The period of time before people formed societies
How does John Locke contribute to the development of social contract theory?
By suggesting that individuals have natural rights and form societies based on a social contract
What is the purpose of politics according to Aristotle?
An expression of human nature and an essential aspect of the good life
What is the telos of a polis according to Aristotle?
Eudaimonia (the good life)
In Aristotle's ethics, what is Arete?
Virtue or excellence in fulfilling one's purpose or goal
What is Eudaimonia in Aristotle's ethics?
Happiness, flourishing, the highest good
According to Aristotle, why do we study ethics?
To be more capable of living the best life
Which statement best describes practical wisdom (phronesis) in Aristotle's view?
Knowing how to deliberate well about what is good for oneself and others
Explore Aristotle's ethical philosophy which emphasizes the development of virtuous habits and finding the 'golden mean' between extremes. Learn about the importance of intellectual skills, appropriate feelings, and making decisions with pleasure and ease.
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