EOG 300 pg 83-87 ARFF Firefighting Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of positioning ARFF vehicles during an aircraft fire scene response?

To provide maximum visibility of the scene.

Close enough to gain maximum effectiveness from streams and lines (correct)

To prevent personnel from safely evacuating.

To block access for other emergency apparatus.

How should ARFF personnel approach the fire at an aircraft incident?

From downwind to assess the situation.

In a convoy behind other emergency vehicles.

Directly towards the fire to extinguish it immediately.

From upwind considering escape/rescue routes (correct)

What is the recommended method for extinguishing the fire in the critical area adjacent to the aircraft?

Focus solely on protecting occupants rather than extinguishing the fire.

Utilize short bursts of 10-15 seconds of extinguishing agent for efficiency. (correct)

Use continuous streams of extinguishing agent for maximum effect.

Wait until the fire intensity decreases on its own.

What should rescuers prioritize when beginning their operation at an aircraft incident?

Initiate rescue procedures promptly to support evacuees. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical factor in the use of handlines during an aircraft fire response?

They are used when turret operations are unable to reach fire. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum size of attack line recommended for aircraft incidents?

1 3/4 in (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to provide ventilation during an interior attack on larger aircraft?

To reduce smoke inhalation risks for victims (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding personnel safety at an aircraft accident scene?

Back-up crews with charged hoselines should be present. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What should be done regarding the scene after an aircraft accident?

Assume it is a crime scene until proven otherwise. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What should you never assume at an aircraft crash?

That there are no survivors (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it critical if batteries in an aircraft are connected or not?

To reduce the risk of electric shock/igniting flammable liquids (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for controlling the number of personnel in the crash site?

To prevent destruction of evidence. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical consideration when adopting a defensive mode of operations?

The presence of unburned fuel and potential hazardous materials. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which unit is most likely not to respond to off-airport crashes?

Station 51 ARFF Units (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the event of an aircraft accident, which unit should be notified to serve as a liaison for the FAA?

Car 822 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role may Station 51 ARFF Units provide in off-airport crashes?

Technical assistance (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which two units should be included in the initial notification for an aircraft accident?

Car 821 and Car 822 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective area to cut into the fuselage of an aircraft?

Around the windows, doors and roof area (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is least effective on aircraft metals during rescue operations?

Hydraulic rescue tools, and pry bars (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent the spread of fire in confined areas for aircraft emergencies?

Considering the use of penetrating nozzles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What must be done to prevent the release of free floating fibers after an aircraft fire is extinguished?

Keep the debris wet (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the application of AFFF?

All nearby water streams needs to be shut down. (D) Signup and view all the answers

When responding to an off-airport aircraft emergency, what is the priority for the first fire company?

Initiate EMS and fire control immediately (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should be documented at the scene of an aircraft accident?

If personnel move objects, turn off switches, etc (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why should objects not be removed from the crash site until authorized?

To avoid disturbing evidence in a crime scene (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can the aircraft fuselage be protected from direct flame impingement?

Employing deck guns to provide large volumes of water (D) Signup and view all the answers

What do you have to be aware of when cutting into aircraft?

Numerous high-pressure hydraulic lines (D) Signup and view all the answers

Purple K Powder is best utilized in which scenario?

In combination with AFFF for fuel fires (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is recommended for reaching fires in confined aircraft spaces?

Using penetrating nozzles (D) Signup and view all the answers

When are Halon and CO2 appropriate?

Where a non residue application is desired (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which extinguishing agents should not be used in confined occupied spaces?

Purple K Powder (A), Halon and CO2 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can be a consequence of burning composite materials in an aircraft?

Emission of free-floating fibers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What should be done approximately every 30 minutes during fire control?

Reapply foam to cover flammable liquids (D) Signup and view all the answers

Aircraft have common attic spaces located where?

In the belly (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who does sta 51 provide in intermediary to?

FAA/NTSB (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of fire intensity to control within one minute?

90% (A) Signup and view all the answers

Use short burst ___ seconds of extinguishing agent to conserve agent and check application range and effectiveness

10-15 Signup and view all the answers

_____ operations are primarily for the fuel spill knockdown

Turret Signup and view all the answers

Fire can burn through a fuselage within ___ seconds

30-60 Signup and view all the answers

Car ___ should be notified to serve as a liaison for the FAA

822 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ARFF Guidelines Overview

Each aircraft fire requires individual evaluation; strategic guidelines enhance effectiveness.

Approach Considerations

ARFF vehicles must navigate wreckage and obstructions, requiring personnel guidance for positioning.
Positioning criteria include: proximity for effective stream application, upwind orientation for safe escape routes, and maintaining access to other apparatus.
Repositioning may be necessary to optimize attack effectiveness.

Attack Strategies

Engage the fire attack with the wind direction.
Utilize extinguishing agents as soon as within effective range to protect and isolate the aircraft from fuel fire.
Aim to control 90% of fire intensity within one minute, particularly in critical areas adjacent to the fuselage.
Employ short bursts (10-15 seconds) of extinguishing agents for efficiency and to assess effectiveness.
Turret operations focus on knocking down fuel spills; handlines may be necessary for hard-to-reach areas, occupant protection, and preventing interior fire spread.

Rescue Operations

Rescue efforts should commence immediately upon arrival.
Collaborate in teams of at least two for safety.
Prioritize exits in order: normal, emergency, then forced entry.
Transport occupants to safe, breathable environments.

Control Measures

Use foam to cover spill areas and protect the fuselage, preventing fire spread.
Ensure ongoing availability of water and foam supplies to sustain firefighting efforts.
Regularly reapply AFFF, as it can drain off, allowing vapors to escape; use caution to avoid diluting foam with water.

Off-Airport Emergency Protocols

Initiate fire control and EMS as soon as possible; address scene lighting and extrication.
Protect aircraft fuselage from flames; fire can penetrate fuselage in 30-60 seconds.
Use deck guns for rapid water supply; avoid diluting foam with water.

Interior Attack Considerations

Deploy attack lines inside commercial aircraft quickly, ensuring passenger escape is not obstructed.
Large hoses (1½" minimum) may be required, with backup crews ready for personnel protection.
Provide ventilation using fans or fog streams to counteract smoke inhalation risks.

Security and Scene Safety

Police should secure the incident scene, which is treated as a crime scene initially.
Limit personnel access to preserve evidence; ensure proper command protocols are adhered to.
Disconnect batteries to reduce electrical hazards while working at the scene.

Aircraft Hazards Awareness

Oxygen cylinders, high-pressure lines, and flammable liquids present significant risks.
Cutting into aircraft should focus on areas around windows and doors; use care when using saws due to potential arcing.
Maintain a consistent foam blanket on flammable liquids to suppress ignition.

Fire Investigation Protocol

Document all actions taken at the scene for investigative purposes.
Do not remove items from the crash site until investigators authorize it, as investigations are critical for future safety improvements.

Communication and Coordination

Notify essential personnel and units in the call list during emergencies.
Station 51 ARFF Units may not attend off-airport incidents but can provide technical assistance.
Car 822 must be informed to liaise with FAA for oversight and coordination.

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Description

This quiz covers essential guidelines and strategies for Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting (ARFF). It emphasizes effective positioning, attack methods, and the use of extinguishing agents to manage aircraft fires. Test your knowledge on optimizing fire attack procedures and safety measures in emergency situations.