Introduction to Protozoans: Blood Parasites
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of protozoans?

  • They are autotrophic.
  • They are aerobic and free living. (correct)
  • They have a cell wall.
  • They reproduce through binary fission.
  • Which of the following is a characteristic of pathogenic protozoa?

  • They are photosynthetic.
  • They reproduce through sexual reproduction.
  • They are multicellular.
  • They are motile. (correct)
  • Which of the following is a characteristic of Plasmodia species?

  • They are ciliates.
  • They have a complex life cycle.
  • They infect red blood cells. (correct)
  • They cause Leishmaniasis.
  • Which of the following is a characteristic of Babesia microti?

    <p>It is a blood parasite. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protozoan grouping is characterized by free-living organisms that feed by phagocytosis and move by extending pseudopodia?

    <p>Amoebas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protozoan grouping is characterized by organisms that have whip-like projections called flagella and feed by cytostome?

    <p>Flagellates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protozoan grouping is characterized by organisms that move by means of hair-like projections and feed by way of a cytostome groove?

    <p>Ciliates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protozoan grouping is characterized by obligate intracellular parasites that possess a unique organelle called an apicoplast and an apical complex structure involved in penetrating a host's cell?

    <p>Apicomplexans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Plasmodium is most likely to result in death if left untreated?

    <p>P. falciparum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Plasmodium can infect erythrocytes of all ages?

    <p>P. falciparum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Plasmodium is associated with relapses from the liver?

    <p>P. vivax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Plasmodium is characterized by the presence of Schuffner dots?

    <p>P. vivax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species is characterized by infected cells with Schüffner dots and ragged cell walls?

    <p>P. ovale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species is known to cause kidney damage (blackwater fever)?

    <p>P. falciparum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species selectively infects reticulocytes and accumulates in the bone marrow and liver?

    <p>P. vivax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species has bar and band forms, with schizonts composed of eight merozoites in a rosette surrounding a pigment granule?

    <p>P. malariae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the vector responsible for spreading Malaria?

    <p>Anopheles mosquito (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species is known to cause kidney necrosis and failure?

    <p>P. falciparum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species produces hypnozoites in the liver that can remain dormant and recur months later?

    <p>P. vivax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the life cycle of Apicomplexans?

    <p>Gametogony results in the production of gametocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for a Babesia microti and Babesia duncani infection in terms of regional prevalence and transmission vector or natural reservoir?

    <p>Being bitten by an infected tick (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a diagnostic test result for Babesia?

    <p>Fluorescent Antibody detection (IFA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical presentation of Leishmaniasis?

    <p>Destruction of mucous membranes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can babesiosis be transmitted by transfusion in areas where it's not spread by ticks?

    <p>Yes, because individuals who donate blood travel and blood products are shipped around the country (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is still the drug of choice against all five species of Plasmodium, despite the emergence of drug resistance?

    <p>Chloroquine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proposed mechanism of action involves binding to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and interfering with DNA replication?

    <p>Binding to ferriprotoporphyrin IX released from hemoglobin in infected erythrocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug accumulates in tissue cells and destroys the extra-erythrocytic (hepatic) stages of malaria, resulting in a radical cure of the infection?

    <p>Primaquine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proposed mechanism of action involves raising the pH of the parasite's intracellular acid vesicles, thus interfering with its ability to degrade hemoglobin?

    <p>Raising the pH of the parasite's intracellular acid vesicles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has a proposed mechanism of action involving the ability to form a nitro-anion radical metabolite, which reacts with the nucleic acids of the parasite, causing a significant breakage in the DNA?

    <p>Nifurtimox (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug destroys the erythrocytic stage of malaria and may be used prophylactically to suppress clinical illness or therapeutically to terminate an acute attack?

    <p>Chloroquine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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