Are You an Antigen Expert? ANTIGENS 18.1

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about antigens?

  • Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen (correct)
  • Antigens are found on numerous pathogens
  • Antigens play no role in stimulating cellular immunity
  • Antigens are similar to PAMPs

What is the role of antigens in stimulating adaptive immune defenses?

  • To stimulate cellular immunity
  • To produce neither antibodies nor cellular immunity
  • To produce both antibodies and cellular immunity (correct)
  • To produce antibodies

Which of the following is NOT a molecular class that antigens may belong to?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Vitamins (correct)
  • Nucleic acids
  • Lipids

What is the importance of the structural complexity of an antigenic molecule?

<p>More complex molecules are more effective as antigens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a bacterial structure that may contain antigens?

<p>Cell walls (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are antigens?

<p>Molecules that trigger adaptive immune defenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes antigens from PAMPs?

<p>Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and immunogens?

<p>There is no difference (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of bacterial structures that may contain antigens?

<p>Capsules, cell walls, fimbriae, flagella, or pili (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of viral structures that may contain antigens?

<p>Capsids, envelopes, and spike structures used for attachment to cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecular class is the most effective and potent antigen?

<p>Proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecular class is the least antigenic?

<p>Lipids and nucleic acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important factor in the antigenic potential of a molecule?

<p>The structural complexity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigens in stimulating adaptive immunity?

<p>To trigger the production of antibodies and activate immune cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the word antigen?

<p>A combination of the words antibody and generator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a molecular class that antigens may belong to?

<p>Fatty acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were antigens initially used to describe?

<p>Molecules that stimulate the production of antibodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do antigens trigger in the immune system?

<p>Adaptive immune defenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and PAMPs?

<p>Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen, while PAMPs are found on numerous pathogens. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to refer to antigens that stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity?

<p>Immunogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of bacterial structures that may contain antigens?

<p>Cell walls, fimbriae, and pili (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of viral structures that may contain antigens?

<p>Capsids, envelopes, and spike structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecular class is the most effective and potent antigen?

<p>Proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important factor in the antigenic potential of a molecule?

<p>The complexity of the molecule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigens in stimulating both humoral and cellular immunity?

<p>To activate T cells and B cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the word antigen?

<p>It comes from a combination of the words antibody and generator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and immunogens?

<p>Antigens stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity, while immunogens only stimulate humoral immunity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe molecules that stimulate the production of antibodies?

<p>Antigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an antigen?

<p>A molecule that triggers adaptive immune defenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a viral structure that may contain antigens?

<p>Capsids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecular class is the least antigenic?

<p>Lipids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and PAMPs?

<p>Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen, while PAMPs are found on numerous pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective and potent antigen?

<p>Proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigens in stimulating humoral immunity?

<p>Antigens trigger the production of antibodies by B cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of bacterial structures that may contain antigens?

<p>Cell walls and pili (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the least complex molecular class that can stimulate humoral immune defenses?

<p>Carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the least antigenic molecule?

<p>Lipids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important factor in the antigenic potential of a molecule?

<p>Its structural complexity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the word antigen?

<p>It comes from the words antibody and generator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and immunogens?

<p>Antigens are pathogen-specific molecular structures that trigger adaptive immune defenses, while immunogens are substances that can induce an immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between humoral and cellular immunity?

<p>Humoral immunity involves the production of antibodies by B cells, while cellular immunity involves the activation of T cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of antigens in adaptive immunity?

<p>They trigger both humoral and cellular immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the molecular complexity of antigens?

<p>Proteins are the most potent antigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and PAMPs?

<p>Antigens are pathogen-specific, while PAMPs are found on numerous pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of bacterial structures that may contain antigens?

<p>Capsules, cell walls, fimbriae, flagella, and pili (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the antigenic potential of a molecule?

<p>The structural complexity of an antigenic molecule is an important factor in its antigenic potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the word antigen?

<p>A combination of the words antibody and antigenic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about viral antigens?

<p>They may be associated with capsids, envelopes, and spike structures used for attachment to cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigens in stimulating the production of antibodies?

<p>Antigens were initially used to describe molecules that stimulate the production of antibodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the least antigenic molecular class?

<p>Nucleic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are antigens sometimes referred to as?

<p>Immunogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the stimulation of humoral immune defenses?

<p>Carbohydrates are less complex and can only stimulate humoral immune defenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and immunogens?

<p>Antigens are pathogen-specific, while immunogens stimulate the production of antibodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular class that is the most effective and potent antigen due to its complex three-dimensional structure capable of stimulating both humoral and cellular immunity?

<p>Proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe molecules that stimulate antibody production and play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response, recognizing and targeting specific pathogens for elimination?

<p>Immunogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecular classes are the least antigenic and may only become antigenic when combined with proteins or carbohydrates?

<p>Lipids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are pathogen-specific molecular structures that trigger adaptive immune defenses and are unique to a specific pathogen?

<p>Antigens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures contain antigens in pathogens?

<p>Bacterial capsules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a molecular class that antigens may belong to?

<p>Glycoproteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the type of immunity that is stimulated by antigens and involves the production of antibodies by B cells?

<p>Humoral immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecular classes can only stimulate humoral immune defenses and not cellular immunity?

<p>Carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigens in adaptive immunity?

<p>To recognize and target specific pathogens for elimination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antigenic potential of a molecule determined by?

<p>Its shape (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are unique molecular structures found on multiple pathogens and differ from antigens?

<p>PAMPs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecular classes vary in their ability to stimulate adaptive immune defenses and the type of response they induce?

<p>Proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of antigens that distinguishes them from PAMPs?

<p>Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a bacterial structure that may contain antigens?

<p>Ribosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of viral structures that may contain antigens?

<p>Capsids, envelopes, and spikes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecular class is capable of stimulating both humoral and cellular immunity?

<p>Proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antigenic potential of lipids and nucleic acids?

<p>Low (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune response can be stimulated by carbohydrates?

<p>Humoral (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigens in adaptive immune defenses?

<p>To trigger adaptive immune defenses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the complexity of an antigenic molecule and its antigenic potential?

<p>The more complex the molecule, the higher its antigenic potential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an antigenic molecule that may belong to multiple molecular classes?

<p>Lipoprotein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response is not limited to the production of antibodies?

<p>Cellular immunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are extracellular toxins and enzymes associated with bacterial cells?

<p>Antigens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a bacterial structure that is not typically associated with antigens?

<p>Ribosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and PAMPs?

<p>Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen, while PAMPs are common to groups of pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a viral structure that may contain antigens?

<p>Capsids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is stimulated by antigens?

<p>Humoral and Cellular immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about carbohydrates as antigens?

<p>They can only stimulate humoral immune defenses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigens in adaptive immunity?

<p>To trigger adaptive immune defenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a bacterial antigen?

<p>Bacterial capsules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the least antigenic molecular class?

<p>Lipids and nucleic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective and potent antigen?

<p>Proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the structural complexity of an antigenic molecule?

<p>It is an important factor in its antigenic potential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about antigens belonging to different molecular classes?

<p>They vary in their ability to stimulate adaptive immune defenses and in the type of response they stimulate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about antigens from bacterial cells?

<p>They may also be associated with extracellular toxins and enzymes they secrete (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a molecular class that antigens may belong to?

<p>PAMPs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of antigens in adaptive immune defenses?

<p>To stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a bacterial structure that may contain antigens?

<p>Cilia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity can be stimulated by antigens from bacterial cells associated with extracellular toxins and enzymes they secrete?

<p>Both humoral and cellular immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most antigenic molecular class?

<p>Proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between antigens and PAMPs?

<p>Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen, while PAMPs are not (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a viral structure that may contain antigens?

<p>Capsids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a molecular class that antigens may belong to?

<p>Fats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is stimulated by carbohydrates?

<p>Humoral immunity only (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antigenic potential of lipids and nucleic acids?

<p>Low (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an important factor in the antigenic potential of a molecule?

<p>Its structural complexity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary type of immunity stimulated by proteins?

<p>Both humoral and cellular immunity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about antigens and their role in adaptive immunity?

<p>Antigens stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between antigens and PAMPs?

<p>Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen, while PAMPs are not pathogen-specific. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures may contain antigens in bacterial cells?

<p>Capsules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the antigenic potential of proteins?

<p>Proteins are the most effective and potent antigens. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the antigenic potential of carbohydrates?

<p>Carbohydrates are less complex in structure and can only stimulate humoral immune defenses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the antigenic potential of lipids and nucleic acids?

<p>Lipids and nucleic acids are the least antigenic molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the relationship between antigenic potential and structural complexity?

<p>The structural complexity of an antigenic molecule is an important factor in its antigenic potential. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the type of immune response stimulated by antigens of different classes?

<p>Antigens of different classes vary in the type of response they stimulate (humoral or cellular). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the antigens of viruses?

<p>Antigens of viruses are associated with their capsids, envelopes, and spike structures used for cell attachment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the antigens of bacterial cells?

<p>Antigens from bacterial cells may also be associated with extracellular toxins and enzymes they secrete. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the relationship between antigens and adaptive immune defenses?

<p>Antigens trigger adaptive immune defenses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the uniqueness of antigens?

<p>Antigens are unique to a specific pathogen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the immune response stimulated by antigens?

<p>Antigens stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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