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The United Nations: A Brief Overview

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded on October 24, 1945, with the aim of facilitating cooperation in various areas such as international law, security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and world peace.
The UN was ratified by a majority of the original 51 Member States and currently has 192 member states who meet in the General Assembly, which is the closest thing to a world parliament.
Each country has a single vote in the General Assembly, and the UN has its own flag, post office, and postage.
The UN's purpose is to bring all nations together to work for peace and development based on the principles of justice, human dignity, and the well-being of all people.
The UN has six official languages, namely Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish, and its European headquarters is in the Palais des Nations in Geneva, Switzerland, with offices in Vienna, Ethiopia, Jordan, Thailand, and Chile.
The UN has multiple subsidiary organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Food Program (WFP), and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), among others.
The UN is financed through assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states and has six principal organs, namely the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Secretariat, the International Court of Justice, and the United Nations Trusteeship Council.
The General Assembly comprises all 193 Members and meets in regular session from September to December each year, with decisions requiring a two-thirds majority for admission of new members and budgetary matters, and a simple majority for other questions.
The Security Council is the most powerful organ and has 15 members, including five permanent members and ten elected members, and is responsible for resolving international disputes.
The Economic and Social Council has 54 members who are elected by the UN and serves only three-year mandates before changing, and is responsible for raising the general standard of living, solving economic, social, and health problems, and promoting human rights, culture, and education.
The Secretariat provides studies, information, and facilities needed by the UN and is responsible for administration, organization of conferences, writing reports and studies, and budget planning, with its chairman being the UN Secretary-General.
The International Court of Justice is the primary judicial organ and is responsible for universal court for international law, with 15 judges elected by the UN General Assembly for nine years and rendering judgment with relative majority.
The United Nations Trusteeship Council is currently inactive and was a permanent council that commissions a country (or countries) to undertake the administration of a territory. Membership to the UN is open to all peace-loving states that accept the obligations in present Charter and judgment of the Organization and is effected by a decision of The General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council.

International Hotel and Restaurant Association (IHRA): Representing the Hospitality Industry Worldwide

IHRA is the only global business organization representing the hospitality industry worldwide, officially recognized by the United Nations.
IHRA represents an estimated 300,000 hotels and 8 million restaurants, employing 60 million people and contributing 950 billion USD annually to the global economy.
IHRA operates on a not-for-profit basis, with a team led by a Chief Executive and governed by a General Assembly and a Board of Directors.
IHRA's official languages are English and French, and several staff members speak Spanish, Russian, Greek, German, and Arabic.
In 2005, IHRA created an Organization Structure that includes 6-8 Global Councils meeting twice per year in a virtual setting to provide expert opinions on global hospitality industry issues.
The prime purpose of these councils is to provide global input into IHRA to ensure that the voice and message delivered to international organizations and agencies reflects the interests of hotel and restaurant industry members.
IHRA members include national hotel and restaurant associations in over 100 countries, international and national hotel and restaurant chains representing 50 brands, individual hotels and restaurants, and allied members such as suppliers, educational institutes, consultants, and complementary hospitality and travel and tourism associations.
IHRA aims to provide a platform for the formation of industry positions, international representation, information dissemination, international connections, protection and defense of the private sector from the public sector, promotion of the industry, promotion of sustainability, and updating of standards and technical issues for the hospitality industry worldwide.
IHRA's staff includes six paid staff, five non-paid staff from various worldwide associations, and eight young staff doing training all year round from various areas of the planet.
IHRA monitors issues raised by major international organizations involved in tourism, represents the collective industry interests before policy makers, lobbies for better recognition of the hospitality industry worldwide, and lobbies against damaging or costly attempts to regulate the industry.
IHRA creates global councils around industry issues to debate positions and create solutions, listens to its members to ensure that all issues are addressed, provides a website platform for members to secure relevant information on the industry worldwide, plans a series of informative council and board meetings and an annual congress, and provides support where requested to lend weight to local regional issues.
IHRA's Councils identify issues, set priorities, and propose future action, which is then recommended to the Board of Directors, the main executive organ of IHRA. The Board provides strategic direction to the Association, deliberates on recommendations for action from the Councils, and reviews IHRA activities and management. The Board of Directors makes recommendations to the General Assembly, the supervisory organ of the Association, which meets annually to review activities, budget, membership fees, management, elect its President, Vice Presidents, and officers forming the Board of Directors, and approve new members, resignations, and dismissals of members.

Tourism in North Sinai Governorate

North Sinai Governorate is located in the northeast of Egypt, covering 27,564 km2 or about 2.7% of Egypt's area.
It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, South Sinai Governorate to the south, Port Said, Ismailia, and Suez Governorates to the west, and Palestine to the east.
North Sinai Governorate is known for its agricultural production of vegetables and fruits, fish from Bard Will Lake, long beaches, palm trees, and desert tourism.
The Pelusium Archeological Area is the most important archeological site in the governorate, featuring a large amphitheater dating back to the Roman era and a Roman castle that persisted until the Islamic era.
Arish Castle, built by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent in 1560, witnessed historical events such as the Treaty of el-Arish in 1800.
Nekhel Castle is a square-shaped five-towered castle that dates back to the reign of Sultan Qansuh Ghouri.
Qatia Castle was one of the most important commercial cities in the Mamluk era.
The governorate hosts several archaeological hills such as Tel al-Mahmdiat, Tel al-Karama, Tel Qasrawit, and Tel el-Darawish.
Zaraniq Reserve, a 250-km2 reserve on the Mediterranean coast of North Sinai, is an important site for breeding some species, such as the Alexandrian Kentish Plover.
El-Ahrash Reserve, located in Rafah, is characterized by sand dunes and acacia trees and is home to wild animals such as the fennec fox, sand cat, long-eared hedgehog, and wild rabbits.
North Sinai Governorate is suitable for diving, water sports, and migratory bird watching in the Zaraniq Reserve.
The governorate's landmarks and touristic sites attract visitors interested in history, culture, and nature.