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Questions and Answers
Which buffer system is the most important for maintaining acid-base balance in the blood?
Which buffer system is the most important for maintaining acid-base balance in the blood?
- Protein buffer system
- Carbonic-acid-bicarbonate buffer system (correct)
- Phosphate buffer system
- Hemoglobin buffer system
Which type of reactions consume protons in the body?
Which type of reactions consume protons in the body?
- None of the above
- Proton-neutral reactions
- Proton-productive reactions
- Proton-consumptive reactions (correct)
How do buffer systems resist changes in pH?
How do buffer systems resist changes in pH?
- By absorbing excess H+ or OH- ions without significant changes in pH (correct)
- By converting H+ ions to H2O molecules
- By removing H+ ions from the solution
- By adding OH- ions to the solution
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Study Notes
- The pH of a solution can be affected by the addition or removal of H+ or OH- ions.
- The carbonic-acid-bicarbonate buffer is the most important buffer for maintaining acid-base balance in the blood.
- The equilibrium reactions of interest in the buffer system involve H+, HCO3-, H2CO3, and CO2.
- Three types of reactions can be distinguished from the point of view of acid-base balance: proton-productive, proton-consumptive, and proton-neutral.
- Examples of proton-productive reactions include anaerobic glycolysis, ketogenesis, lipolysis, and ureagenesis.
- Examples of proton-consumptive reactions include gluconeogenesis and neutral and dicarboxylic amino oxidation.
- Examples of proton-neutral reactions include complete glucose oxidation and lipogenesis from glucose acids.
- The pH of the blood is of interest in the buffer system.
- The concentration of H+ can be expressed in terms of an equilibrium constant and the concentrations of the other species in the reaction.
- Buffer systems resist changes in pH.
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