Architectural Design and MVC Patterns
48 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a key output of the architectural design process?

  • A user interface prototype
  • An architectural model (correct)
  • A detailed project plan
  • A requirements specification

    • What aspect does 'architecture in the small' focus on?

  • Communication protocols between systems
  • System decomposition into modules
  • Enterprise system integration
  • Individual program component architecture (correct)

    • What is the primary reason refactoring a system's architecture can be expensive?

  • It necessitates user training on new functionalities
  • It affects many components in the system (correct)
  • It requires new hardware investments
  • It increases the project timeline significantly

    • How does architectural design serve stakeholder communication?

    <p>By acting as a point of discussion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of having an explicit architecture?

    <p>Allows for the analysis of non-functional requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'architecture in the large' concerned with?

    <p>Complex enterprise systems distributed over various computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding architectural design is true?

    <p>It identifies structural components and their relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which benefit does architecture provide regarding large-scale reuse?

    <p>It enables reuse across a range of systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of architectural patterns?

    <p>They represent a stylized description of effective design practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Model component in the MVC pattern?

    <p>To handle data operations and manage system data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario is the MVC pattern particularly useful?

    <p>When there are multiple ways to view and interact with data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable disadvantage of using the MVC architectural pattern?

    <p>It can introduce additional code complexity when interactions are straightforward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are architectural description languages (ADLs) not widely used?

    <p>There is a preference for UML due to its popularity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the View component in the MVC pattern primarily handle?

    <p>How data is visually presented to users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes UML in the context of architectural design?

    <p>Some argue that UML lacks suitable abstractions for high-level architectural descriptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of representation can architectural patterns use?

    <p>Tabular and graphical descriptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the layered architecture in system design?

    <p>To organize the system into layers that provide related functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of the layered architecture pattern?

    <p>It often struggles to maintain a clean separation between layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios is most suitable for implementing a layered architecture?

    <p>A large project with several teams, each responsible for different layers of functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes how layers interact in a layered architecture?

    <p>Lower layers provide services exclusively to the layers directly above them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of including redundant facilities in each layer of a system?

    <p>It increases the dependability of the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a layer's interface changes in a layered architecture, which layer is affected?

    <p>Only the layer immediately adjacent to it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What architectural pattern is designed for modeling the interfacing of sub-systems?

    <p>Layered architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect can lead to performance issues in a layered architecture?

    <p>Multiple levels of interpretation of service requests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a criticism of simple block diagrams used in architectural representations?

    <p>They do not depict types of relationships between entities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary uses of high-level architectural views?

    <p>To assist in communication with stakeholders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an aim of producing a complete system model?

    <p>To simplify discussions with stakeholders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor does architectural design largely depend on?

    <p>The type of system being developed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of architecture reuse in system development?

    <p>It allows for faster development and consistency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do box and line diagrams assist in architectural design?

    <p>By aiding communication with stakeholders despite their abstract nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding common architectural design decisions?

    <p>They affect the non-functional characteristics of the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do application product lines typically rely on?

    <p>A core architecture with multiple variants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of using a repository model for data sharing among sub-systems?

    <p>It allows for efficient data sharing of large volumes of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it advisable to use the repository pattern?

    <p>When there are large volumes of information generated that require long-term storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one use of application architectures in the development process?

    <p>As a starting point for architectural design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of using a single repository for data management?

    <p>It becomes a single point of failure affecting the entire system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do components interact when using a repository architecture?

    <p>Only through the central repository.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of application processes user requests to update the system database?

    <p>Transaction processing applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential inefficiency associated with using a repository architecture?

    <p>Distributing the repository can be complex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a language processing system?

    <p>Compilers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of systems benefit most from the repository pattern?

    <p>Data-driven systems where data inclusion triggers actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes data processing applications?

    <p>They process data in batches without explicit user intervention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the advantages of the repository design?

    <p>Backups of all data can be managed consistently in one place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In transaction processing systems, what is the nature of a transaction from the user's perspective?

    <p>Any coherent sequence of operations that satisfies a goal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of the repository architecture can lead to communication inefficiencies?

    <p>Dependent interactions through a central database.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes event processing systems?

    <p>They depend on interpreting events from the system’s environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of information systems architecture is emphasized?

    <p>They can be organized as a layered architecture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a transaction manager play in transaction processing systems?

    <p>It processes asynchronous user requests for service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Architectural Design

    • Architectural design focuses on understanding and organizing software systems.
    • It bridges the gap between design and requirements by identifying major components and their relationships.
    • The end result is an architectural model which displays the system's organization as interconnected components.

    Agility and Architecture

    • Agile processes typically begin with an overall systems architecture design early on.
    • System architecture refactoring is costly due to wide-reaching component effects.

    Architectural Abstraction

    • Architecture in the small pertains to individual program structures.
    • This level is concerned with how a program breaks down into components.
    • Architecture in the large focuses on large enterprise systems, encompassing other systems, programs, and components.
    • These distributed systems might span across several computers and organizations.

    Advantages of Explicit Architecture

    • Facilitates communication among stakeholders.
    • Enables system analysis for satisfying non-functional requirements.
    • Enables large-scale reuse across multiple systems through potentially reusable architectural models.

    Architectural Representations

    • Block diagrams, representing entities and relationships, are common documentation tools.
    • These diagrams often lack semantics, omitting relationship types and entity properties.

    Box and Line Diagrams

    • These diagrams are highly abstract and don't show the nature of component relationships or visible properties of subsystems.
    • Useful for communication with stakeholders and project planning.

    Use of Architectural Models

    • High-level system views are valuable for discussion with stakeholders and project planning.
    • High-level diagrams avoid detailed complexities, allowing stakeholders to understand the system better.
    • Models allow for efficient documentation of existing designs.

    Architectural Design Decisions

    • Architectural design is a creative process adapting to the system type.
    • Common decisions span all design approaches and influence non-functional characteristics (e.g., performance, security).
    • Key decisions include: generic application template, hardware distribution, architectural styles, system structuring, operation control strategies, component decomposition, and documentation standards.

    Architecture Reuse

    • Similar architectures tend to emerge within the same domain due to similar domain concepts.
    • Application product lines are built around core architectures with varied implementations satisfying specific requirements.
    • Architectural patterns or styles can be adapted and instantiated for different systems.

    Architecture and System Characteristics

    • Performance: Minimize communications by focusing on larger, fewer components.
    • Security: Use a layered architecture with critical assets in inner layers.
    • Safety: Localize safety-critical elements in fewer subsystems.
    • Availability: Implement redundant components and fault tolerance.
    • Maintainability: Utilize replaceable, fine-grained components.

    Architectural Views

    • Diverse perspectives are necessary for a comprehensive system architecture design.
    • Specific notations must be chosen for describing architectural models.
    • A single architectural model only shows one view or perspective of the system.

    4 + 1 View Model

    • A logical view shows fundamental system objects/classes.
    • The process view shows runtime interactions.
    • A development view displays the development decomposition structure.
    • A physical view displays hardware and component distribution.
    • Use cases/scenarios form the additional '1' aspect.

    Representing Architectural Views

    • UML is a contested notation for system architecture description due to insufficient abstractions for high-level systems.
    • Several architectural description languages (ADLs) are available but not widely adopted.

    Architectural Patterns

    • Patterns provide methods for representation, sharing, and reuse of knowledge.
    • Architectural patterns are stylized descriptions of good design practices, proven effective in different environments.
    • Patterns include information on when they're appropriate and when they're unsuitable.
    • Graphical and tabular representations of patterns are commonly used.

    Model-View-Controller (MVC) Pattern

    • MVC separates presentation (View), interaction (Controller), and data (Model).
    • It comprises three components that interact: Model, View, and Controller.
    • The pattern is suitable when multiple views of the same data are needed.
    • It promotes flexibility in representations with separate data and view changes.
    • Can have increased code complexity in simpler cases.

    Web Application Architecture using MVC

    • A typical web application displays data in different ways.
    • Controllers process HTTP requests, manage logic, and validate data input.
    • A View renders the requested data to the user.
    • Models handle the application's internal data.
    • The Controller, View, and Model interact to manage actions, updating and rendering data.

    Layered Architecture

    • Layered architecture describes interactions between subsystems.
    • Systems are partitioned into layers with each layer providing services to the one above, ultimately producing a layered structure.
    • It facilitates the incremental development of sub-systems within their dedicated layers.
    • Changes in one layer typically affect only neighboring layers.

    Layered Architecture Pattern

    • In this pattern, systems are divided into layers, each with its specific functions.
    • The lower layers provide foundational services to the higher layers.
    • This is common in multi-level security contexts and implementations spreading over distinct teams.
    • Maintains clean separation of interactions between layers.
    • Potential for overhead and performance issues arises from multiple levels of processing.

    Generic Layered Architecture

    • A common structure for many systems.
    • User interface, user management, core application logic, and system utilities make up the levels within this framework.

    The iLearn System Architecture

    • This system architecture shows the layered approach with its primary components, including services for configuration, application management, and user identity.

    Repository Architecture

    • Systems requiring extensive data sharing benefit from central repositories.
    • Sub-systems can access a central repository to reduce the need for direct data exchanges.
    • Large-scale data sharing, where many sub-systems require simultaneous access to large amounts of data.

    Repository Pattern

    • Centralized data management helps data consistency.
    • Standalone components can interact without needing direct knowledge of other components.
    • Failure in the repository affects the entire system's functionality.

    A Repository Architecture for an IDE

    • This particular architecture diagram depicts a software environment (IDE) example where components interface around a central repository, sharing design data.

    Client-Server Architecture

    • This model of distribution shows how data and processes are located across components, though it can be implemented on a standalone computer.
    • Servers provide specific services (e.g., printing or data management), while clients call on these services.
    • Efficient for distributed data access and services over a network.

    Client-Server Pattern

    • Functionality is segmented into server-provided services accessed by clients.
    • The architecture is adaptable for distributed data use with replicated servers for load balancing.

    Pipe and Filter Architecture

    • This approach processes data through transformations, each component taking and manipulating the data stream.
    • The steps can be sequential for batch systems or concurrent for more complex ones.

    Pipe and Filter Pattern

    • Easy to understand due to the transformation-based processing model.
    • Data communication needs to be standardized because incompatibility can emerge during the process.

    An Example of the Pipe and Filter Architecture

    • Data flows through steps that follow a sequential order for processing payments through the financial system.

    Application Architectures

    • Application systems are specifically structured to meet organizational needs.
    • Many business requirements are similar, so architecture often resembles that of similar organizations.

    Use of Application Architectures

    • Provides a conceptual starting point for architectural design and detailed plans.
    • Serves as a reference point to organize a development team and a check list of requirements.

    Examples of Application Types

    • Data processing: Batch processing without user interaction.
    • Transaction processing: Centralized operations (often involving databases) and user interaction for updating information (e.g., online banking).
    • Event processing: Systems reacting to events through a series of instructions, often asynchronous.
    • Language processing: System that transforms one language into another, or interprets user commands.

    Application Type Examples

    • Transaction processing: E-commerce, reservation systems.
    • Language processing: Compilers, command interpreters.

    Transaction Processing Systems

    • Transaction processing systems process requests for a database or updates to the database.
    • A transaction is commonly defined as a coherent set of operations linked by a shared goal (like confirming a flight booking).
    • Transaction managers are responsible for handling the user requests.

    The Structure of Transaction Processing Applications

    • A typical structure displays input/output processing, application logic, transaction management, and database interaction.

    ATM System Architecture

    • ATMs follow a sequential processing pattern, taking user input, performing transactions on the database, and outputting results to the user.

    Information Systems Architecture

    • Information systems provide a generic, often layered, architecture.
    • These transaction-based systems often interact with databases.

    Web-based Information Systems

    • Information systems are often implemented as web-based applications, using a web browser as the user interface.
    • E-commerce is a prime example of such a system.

    Server Implementation

    • Multi-tier client-server models are common in web applications, with each tier performing distinct roles (web server, application server, database server).

    The Architecture of a Language Processing System

    • A language processing system typically organizes its structure into various steps.
    • This sequence transforms source instructions into executable operations and outputs the results in a desired format.

    Key Points

    • Architectures describe system organization.
    • Architectural decisions cover system type, distribution, and architectural style selection.
    • Multiple views (conceptual, logical, process, development) support documentation efforts.
    • Architectural patterns facilitate knowledge reuse.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Chapter 6 - Architectural Design PDF

    Description

    Explore the key concepts of architectural design, specifically focusing on the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern. This quiz covers essential aspects such as stakeholder communication, refactoring costs, and architectural patterns. Test your understanding of how architecture impacts software development and large-scale reuse.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser