Gr 11 History November Exam P2 (Easy)

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Questions and Answers

What was the catalyst for Arab nationalism in the 19th century?

  • The Balfour Declaration
  • The rise of Turkish nationalism
  • The decline of Ottoman authority and increasing Western colonial interests (correct)
  • The establishment of Israel

What was the primary goal of Theodor Herzl's advocacy?

  • To suppress non-Turkish cultures in the Ottoman Empire
  • To establish a legally secured home for the Jewish people in Palestine (correct)
  • To facilitate the Arab revolt against the Ottomans
  • To promote Arab cultural unity

What was the outcome of the Sykes-Picot Agreement?

  • The recognition of Jewish sovereignty over Palestine
  • The division of the Arab world into colonial territories (correct)
  • The decline of Arab nationalism
  • The establishment of an independent Arab state

What event contributed significantly to the growth of Zionism?

<p>The atrocities of World War II (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Arab nationalism?

<p>Promoting a shared linguistic, cultural, and historical identity among Arabs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event marked a significant milestone in the establishment of a Jewish homeland?

<p>The Balfour Declaration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary driver of Arab nationalism?

<p>The reaction to Turkish nationalism of the Ottoman Empire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire during World War I?

<p>The facilitation of the Arab revolt against the Ottomans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) formed?

<p>1947 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Convention People's Party (CPP)?

<p>Immediate independence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the CPP's victory in the 1951 elections?

<p>Nkrumah became Prime Minister (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a positive feature of nationalism?

<p>Promotion of National Unity and Identity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a negative feature of nationalism?

<p>Exclusion and Discrimination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a negative outcome of nationalism?

<p>Xenophobia and Racism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of extreme nationalism?

<p>Ethnic Cleansing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who founded the Convention People's Party (CPP)?

<p>Kwame Nkrumah (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1951 elections in Ghana?

<p>The CPP won and Nkrumah was released from prison (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Ghana gain independence?

<p>March 6, 1957 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948?

<p>The United Nations' partition plan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key issue in the Arab-Israeli conflict?

<p>Territorial disputes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'Gold Coast' before it became Ghana?

<p>A British colony (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who emerged along the coast of the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>An educated elite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the British leverage to administer colonial policies in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>Traditional chiefs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event in 1948 catalyzed widespread unrest in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>The Accra riots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of World War II on the educated elite in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>It exposed the contradictions of colonial rule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA) established for?

<p>To push for elected representation and reform (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the 1948 Accra riots?

<p>Widespread unrest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 'Gold Coast' transforming into Ghana?

<p>It was a significant chapter in the history of African nationalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation behind the emergence of Arab nationalism?

<p>To promote a shared linguistic, cultural, and historical identity among Arabs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Theodor Herzl's response to widespread persecution of the Jewish people?

<p>Advocating for a legally secured home in Palestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant milestone in the establishment of a Jewish homeland?

<p>The Balfour Declaration of 1917 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire during World War I impact Arab nationalism?

<p>It facilitated the growth of Arab nationalism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of post-war treaties and colonial divisions in the Middle East?

<p>The frustration of Arab aspirations for unity and independence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor in the development of Zionism?

<p>The rise of anti-Semitism in Europe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Arab nationalism?

<p>Unifying Arabs through a shared linguistic, cultural, and historical identity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event contributed significantly to the growth of Zionism?

<p>The atrocities of World War II (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consequence of the Arab-Israeli conflict?

<p>Humanitarian crises and political instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the educated elite in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>Modernization without fully understanding colonial exploitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1948 Accra riots?

<p>It catalyzed widespread unrest in the 'Gold Coast' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of World War II on the educated elite in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>It exposed the contradictions of colonial rule and inspired demands for independence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key issue in the Arab-Israeli conflict?

<p>Territorial disputes and political instability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of traditional chiefs in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>They were leveraged by the British to administer colonial policies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA)?

<p>It was an early effort by the educated elite to seek greater political inclusion and reform (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the Arab-Israeli conflict?

<p>Humanitarian crises and political instability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the educated elite in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>Modernization without fully understanding colonial exploitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the transformation from the 'Gold Coast' to Ghana?

<p>A significant chapter in the history of African nationalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC)?

<p>Gradual reforms to the British colonial system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Convention People's Party (CPP) victory in the 1951 elections?

<p>Kwame Nkrumah was released from prison and became Prime Minister (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a positive feature of nationalism?

<p>Promotion of national unity and identity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a negative feature of nationalism?

<p>Exclusion and discrimination of minority groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the nationalist movement in Ghana?

<p>Ghana gained independence from British colonial rule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a negative outcome of nationalism?

<p>Ethnic cleansing in Bosnia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of extreme nationalism?

<p>Conflict and war (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the Convention People's Party (CPP)?

<p>Advocacy for immediate independence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 'Gold Coast' transforming into Ghana?

<p>It marked the end of British colonial rule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Kwame Nkrumah's breakaway from the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC)?

<p>The formation of the Convention People's Party (CPP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948?

<p>The United Nations' proposal for a partition plan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the British play in administering colonial policies in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>They relied on traditional chiefs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event in 1948 contributed to widespread unrest in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>The Accra riots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of World War II on the educated elite in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>They were inspired to demand greater political inclusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA)?

<p>It was an early effort to seek greater political inclusion and reform (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 'Gold Coast' transforming into Ghana?

<p>A significant chapter in African nationalism and anti-colonial movements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key issue in the Arab-Israeli conflict?

<p>Territorial disputes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of traditional chiefs in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>They were leveraged by the British to administer colonial policies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1948 Accra riots?

<p>It catalyzed widespread unrest in the 'Gold Coast' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the educated elite in the 'Gold Coast'?

<p>To seek greater political inclusion and reform (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the growth of Arab nationalism in the 19th century?

<p>Suppression of non-Turkish cultures by the Ottoman Empire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of modern Zionism?

<p>Establishing a Jewish homeland in Palestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Arab revolt facilitated by the British against the Ottomans during World War I?

<p>The growth of Arab nationalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Balfour Declaration of 1917?

<p>It supported the establishment of a 'national home for the Jewish people' in Palestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of post-war treaties and colonial divisions in the Middle East?

<p>The frustration of Arab aspirations for unity and independence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary factor in the development of Arab nationalism?

<p>The decline of the Ottoman Empire's authority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire during World War I?

<p>The facilitation of the Arab revolt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Theodor Herzl's advocacy?

<p>He responded to widespread persecution of the Jewish people with a call for a legally secured home in Palestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the motivation behind the formation of the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) in 1947?

<p>Gradual reforms within the existing colonial framework (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Convention People's Party (CPP) founded by Kwame Nkrumah?

<p>Achieving immediate independence from British colonial rule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1951 elections in Ghana?

<p>Kwame Nkrumah was released from prison and appointed Prime Minister (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a positive feature of nationalism?

<p>Fostering a sense of shared identity and common purpose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a negative feature of nationalism?

<p>Leading to exclusion and discrimination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the transformation from the Gold Coast to Ghana?

<p>Ghana gained full independence from British colonial rule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a consequence of extreme nationalism?

<p>Ethnic cleansing and conflict (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a positive feature of nationalism related to economic development?

<p>Fostering economic development and self-governance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a negative feature of nationalism related to individual rights?

<p>Suppressing dissent and opposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a negative outcome of nationalism?

<p>Ethnic cleansing and conflict (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a positive feature of nationalism related to cultural heritage?

<p>Preserving cultural heritage and practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party in Ghana advocated for immediate independence and launched the 'Positive Action' campaign?

<p>Convention People's Party (CPP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a positive feature of nationalism that promotes social cohesion?

<p>Promotion of National Unity and Identity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year did Ghana gain independence?

<p>1957 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1951 elections in Ghana?

<p>Nkrumah was released from prison and became the Prime Minister (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a negative feature of nationalism that can lead to human rights abuses?

<p>Xenophobia and Racism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Convention People's Party (CPP)?

<p>Immediate independence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC)?

<p>It sought gradual reforms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a negative feature of nationalism that can lead to the suppression of free speech?

<p>Suppression of Dissent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the transformation from the 'Gold Coast' to Ghana?

<p>The country gained independence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a positive feature of nationalism that can promote national economic development?

<p>Economic Development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main influence behind Nazi Germany's racial ideology?

<p>The eugenic movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935?

<p>To institutionalize racism and legalize discrimination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Holocaust?

<p>Millions of deaths, primarily among Jews and Romani people (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the primary target of the Nazi's racial policies?

<p>Jews, Romani people, disabled individuals, and other groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Nazi's racial ideology?

<p>Systematic genocide and widespread atrocities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Nazis' eugenic policies?

<p>To improve the genetic quality of the human population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Holocaust for the Jewish population?

<p>The systematic murder of over six million Jews (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the driving force behind the Nazi's racial policies?

<p>A belief in racial superiority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Africanist nationalism in South Africa?

<p>Rights and liberation of the black majority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event marked a significant milestone in the evolution of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>The rise of the Purified National Party to power in 1948 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Afrikaner Broederbond in Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>Unifying Afrikaner identity around racial purity and divine providence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Federation of Afrikaner Cultural Associations?

<p>Cultural promotion of Afrikaans language and culture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of labor camps in the Nazi regime?

<p>To exploit the forced labor of prisoners under brutal conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the rise of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>Formalization of a system of racial segregation and economic empowerment for Afrikaners (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Great Depression on Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It prioritized Afrikaner employment and advanced Afrikaner interests (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Nazi regime's racial policies and atrocities?

<p>The development of the Genocide Convention and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>To unite Afrikaners to gain and maintain political power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Afrikaner Language Movement?

<p>Promoting Afrikaans language and culture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response to colonial exploitation and marginalization in South Africa?

<p>African nationalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the decline of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>A more democratic and inclusive political landscape in South Africa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of African nationalism in South Africa?

<p>To unify black South Africans to fight against colonial rule and discriminatory policies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Ku Klux Klan in the United States?

<p>Promoting racial segregation and disenfranchisement of Black Americans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Jim Crow laws in the Southern United States?

<p>Enforcing racial segregation and disenfranchisement of Black Americans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Nazi regime's medical experimentation?

<p>The advancement of racial and genetic research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Nazi regime's racial policies?

<p>To advance racial and genetic research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Nazi regime's racial policies on German society?

<p>It created an atmosphere of fear and mistrust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

<p>To prevent the recurrence of atrocities like the Nazi regime (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the integration of racial ideologies into German life?

<p>The profound societal impacts on German society (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1946 Miners' Strike in South Africa?

<p>The strike was violently suppressed, highlighting racial injustices and economic exploitation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the African People's Organisation (APO)?

<p>To advocate for the rights of all oppressed racial groups in South Africa. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Defiance Campaigns in the 1950s?

<p>They marked a shift towards more direct confrontation with apartheid laws using tactics of civil disobedience and non-cooperation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of World War II on African nationalism?

<p>It raised expectations for self-determination and equal rights. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of eugenics movement?

<p>To improve the genetic quality of the human population through selective breeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main approach of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC)/African National Congress (ANC)?

<p>A more formal and diplomatic approach through petitions and delegations to the British government. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Australia, what was the purpose of the 'White Australia Policy'?

<p>To restrict non-European immigration and promote assimilation of Indigenous Australians (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1913 Land Act?

<p>It restricted black South Africans to owning land only in designated reserves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the rise of African nationalism in South Africa?

<p>It catalyzed the growth of various organizations and movements that pushed for broader rights and recognition of non-European peoples. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1913 Land Act in South Africa?

<p>It restricted black land ownership to certain designated areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Urban Areas Act of 1923 in South Africa?

<p>To restrict black Africans from entering urban areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Mahatma Gandhi's role in the Natal Indian Congress (NIC)?

<p>He was the founder of the NIC and played a crucial role in advocating for Indian rights. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of JBM Hertzog's policies in South Africa?

<p>They entrenched segregation further (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Afrikaner nationalism in South Africa?

<p>It directly led to the formalization of apartheid in 1948. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Germany, what was the ideology that categorized humans into hierarchies of races?

<p>Scientific racism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the characteristic of African nationalism in South Africa by the 1950s?

<p>It was characterized by a focus on inclusive, non-racial nationalism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the common goal of eugenics movement and racial segregation policies?

<p>To maintain white racial dominance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Immigration Restriction Act in Australia?

<p>It restricted non-European immigration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the formation of the Union of South Africa?

<p>It led to the institutionalization of racial segregation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the forced removal of Aboriginal children in Australia?

<p>To assimilate Aboriginal children into white society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the National Party's campaign?

<p>To capitalize on fears of a black uprising and economic competition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act?

<p>To promote racial purity concepts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of the Population Registration Act?

<p>It mandated the classification of all South Africans by race (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Group Areas Act?

<p>To promote racial segregation in residential areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Bantu Education Act?

<p>To establish a separate and inferior educational system for African students (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the apartheid laws on non-white South Africans?

<p>They were systematically marginalized and denied basic rights and freedoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the apartheid laws on the economy?

<p>They facilitated economic inequalities, reserving the best jobs and opportunities for whites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the apartheid laws on politics?

<p>They disenfranchised non-white South Africans, excluding them from the political process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the apartheid laws on culture?

<p>They stifled cultural exchange and growth, promoting a narrative of racial difference and superiority (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the international response to apartheid?

<p>International sanctions and isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of Mahatma Gandhi's methods on future resistance movements?

<p>They laid the groundwork for non-violent resistance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC) initially?

<p>Sending deputations to the British government (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Defiance Campaign?

<p>The campaign significantly raised the political profile of the ANC. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the apartheid government to the Defiance Campaign?

<p>They arrested leaders of the Defiance Campaign. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Defiance Campaign trial in 1952?

<p>Leaders received suspended prison sentences and additional restrictions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the apartheid government to ongoing protests and defiance?

<p>They enacted the Public Safety Act and the Criminal Law Amendment Act. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the ANC Youth League (ANCYL) established in 1944?

<p>It marked a shift towards a more dynamic approach in the ANC. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Workers' Party of South Africa and other groups in the 1930s?

<p>They called for democratic reforms and emphasized non-collaboration and boycotts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the All African Convention (AAC) formed in 1935?

<p>It was a unified front against discriminatory policies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate impact of the early forms of resistance against apartheid?

<p>It laid the groundwork for more intensive anti-apartheid activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the event that influenced a national referendum in South Africa, leading to its exit from the British Commonwealth?

<p>Sharpeville Massacre (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the UN Security Council's Resolution 134 on April 1, 1960?

<p>It condemned the apartheid regime and called for equality among citizens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the international community's reaction to the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>South Africa's diplomatic isolation accelerated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) and Poqo?

<p>The ANC and PAC turned to armed protest and sabotage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Rivonia Trial?

<p>Eight of the accused were found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Rivonia Trial on the ANC?

<p>The ANC's leadership was disorganized, with key figures fleeing into exile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial for Nelson Mandela?

<p>He was sentenced to life imprisonment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the international community's reaction to the Rivonia Trial?

<p>The international community condemned the trial and sentences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Sharpeville Massacre and the Rivonia Trial for the anti-apartheid movement?

<p>The movement gained international support and momentum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the long-term impact of the Sharpeville Massacre and the Rivonia Trial on apartheid South Africa?

<p>The apartheid regime began to crumble, eventually leading to its downfall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the apartheid policy in South Africa?

<p>To maintain white supremacy and control over non-white South Africans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Great Depression on racial tensions in South Africa?

<p>It intensified racial tensions and led to increased migration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Economic Commission established in 1932?

<p>To recommend that black people remain in rural reserves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key feature of apartheid in South Africa?

<p>Segregation of educational systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the National Party's victory in the 1948 elections?

<p>It marked a pivotal moment in the formal institution of apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the National Party's victory in the 1948 elections?

<p>Institutionalization of racism, economic disparities, and international isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Sauer Commission's recommendation?

<p>Formalized and entrenched segregation, or apartheid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the National Party's alliance with the Afrikaner Party?

<p>A parliamentary majority for the National Party (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of apartheid on non-white South Africans?

<p>It led to their complete disenfranchisement and lack of political representation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the apartheid policy in South Africa?

<p>A deeply polarized society and economic disparities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act of 1949?

<p>To promote racial purity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Population Registration Act of 1950?

<p>Family separations and restrictions on social privileges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Reservation of Separate Amenities Act of 1953?

<p>To institutionalize inequality with 'separate but unequal' facilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Group Areas Act of 1950?

<p>Forced physical separation by race, leading to mass evictions and relocations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Bantu Education Act of 1953?

<p>To segregate educational systems and limit educational opportunities for non-whites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed and implemented the satyagraha campaign of non-violent resistance?

<p>Mahatma Gandhi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Extension of University Education Act of 1959?

<p>Establishment of separate universities for different racial groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Native Resettlement Act of 1954 and the Native (Urban Areas) Amendment Act of 1955?

<p>Breakup of families and communities, contributing to social instability and economic disadvantage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the internal resistance to apartheid and racial segregation in South Africa before 1960?

<p>Non-violent actions and persuasive tactics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the early forms of resistance to apartheid?

<p>Non-violent resistance and persuasion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Rivonia Trial on the ANC's strategies?

<p>A shift from non-violent protest to armed struggle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the reaction of the international community to the imprisonment of ANC leaders?

<p>Reduced diplomatic relations with South Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the economic boom in South Africa during the 1960s?

<p>Strengthened the National Party's grip on power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>It was a critical turning point in the fight against apartheid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the introduction of apartheid policies in South Africa?

<p>It entrenched racial discrimination into law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on apartheid?

<p>It highlighted the contradictions between apartheid and human rights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the term 'apartheid'?

<p>It was a term used to describe the policy of separate development in South Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1948 election in South Africa?

<p>The National Party institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Nelson Mandela's speech during the Rivonia Trial?

<p>It was a defining moment in the fight against apartheid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Rivonia Trial on the anti-apartheid movement?

<p>It strengthened the resolve of anti-apartheid activists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Sharpeville incident and other repressive actions by the South African government?

<p>The country was increasingly branded as a pariah state (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the international community's actions against apartheid?

<p>Sanctions and boycotts were imposed on South Africa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

<p>To raise awareness and lobby for international action against apartheid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the cultural and sports boycotts against South Africa?

<p>South Africa was excluded from international sports and cultural events (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the trade embargoes and economic sanctions against South Africa?

<p>South Africa was further isolated economically and politically (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the global activism against apartheid?

<p>It significantly influenced government policies towards South Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the Bantu Authorities Act of 1951?

<p>To increase government control over rural areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act of 1959?

<p>Urbanized blacks opposed the traditional leadership system enforced in the homelands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Treason Trial?

<p>The acquittal of 156 activists after five years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960?

<p>It marked a significant turning point in the anti-apartheid struggle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Unlawful Organizations Act of 1960?

<p>The ANC and PAC were banned (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Sharpeville Massacre on the resistance movements?

<p>It led to increased protests and widespread outrage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the state of emergency declared in 1960?

<p>Thousands of people, including key resistance leaders, were detained (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the shift to armed struggle?

<p>It marked a significant shift from non-violent resistance to armed struggle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Congress of the People and the adoption of the Freedom Charter?

<p>The government used the gathering as grounds to arrest and charge 156 activists with high treason (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's strategy?

<p>The international community drew attention to the resistance efforts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the eugenic movement in Nazi Germany?

<p>To improve the genetic quality of the human population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary target of the Nazis' racial policies?

<p>Jews, Romani people, disabled individuals, and other groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935?

<p>Stripping Jews of their citizenship and prohibiting intermarriage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated number of Jews murdered in the Holocaust?

<p>Over six million (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the racial ideology promoted by Adolf Hitler's regime?

<p>Aryan supremacy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Nazi racial policies?

<p>To cleanse the German gene pool of 'inferior' groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Holocaust on various groups?

<p>Millions of Jews and other groups were systematically murdered (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the eugenic movement in Nazi Germany?

<p>To improve the genetic quality of the human population (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of labor camps in Nazi Germany?

<p>To exploit the forced labor of prisoners under brutal conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of Afrikaner nationalism in South Africa?

<p>To promote Afrikaner cultural heritage and gain political power (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Nazi regime's racial policies?

<p>The development of the Genocide Convention and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor in the development of African nationalism in South Africa?

<p>Colonial exploitation and marginalization of black South Africans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of medical experimentation in Nazi Germany?

<p>Racial and genetic research under the guise of medical experimentation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of Nazi racial ideologies on German society?

<p>It created an atmosphere of fear and mistrust, fragmenting society (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the SS in Nazi Germany?

<p>It was a major military, police, and security force enforcing Nazi racial policies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of African nationalism in South Africa?

<p>To unify black South Africans to challenge colonial rule and discriminatory policies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key consequence of the Nazi regime's atrocities?

<p>The development of the Genocide Convention and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor in the development of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>The experiences of the Boer Wars against Britain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Africanist nationalism in South Africa?

<p>Focusing on the liberation of the black majority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Great Trek in the formation of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It symbolized a clear desire for independence and self-determination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the direct outcome of Afrikaner nationalism in South Africa in 1948?

<p>The formalization of apartheid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Purified National Party's rise to power in 1948?

<p>The party institutionalized apartheid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Afrikaner Broederbond in Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It was an organization that coalesced Afrikaner identity around racial purity and divine providence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of the economic depressions of the 1920s and 1930s in South Africa?

<p>The hardening of nationalist sentiments and racial tensions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of economic policies during the Great Depression on Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It strengthened Afrikaner nationalism by prioritizing Afrikaner employment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the African People's Organisation (APO)?

<p>To advocate for the rights of all oppressed racial groups in South Africa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the Afrikaans Language Movement?

<p>Promoting Afrikaans language and culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who founded the Natal Indian Congress (NIC)?

<p>Mahatma Gandhi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the decline of Afrikaner nationalism post-1994?

<p>Afrikaner nationalism declined and transitioned into a more democratic and inclusive political landscape (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1946 Miners' Strike?

<p>It demonstrated the growing unrest and militancy among black workers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the apartheid policy in South Africa?

<p>To maintain white supremacy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Jim Crow laws in the United States?

<p>They enforced racial segregation and disenfranchised Black Americans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the character of African nationalism in South Africa by the 1950s?

<p>Inclusive, non-racial nationalism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Ku Klux Klan in the United States during the 1920s and 1930s?

<p>They were a white supremacist group that promoted Anglo-Saxon and Protestant superiority (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1948 National Party victory in South Africa?

<p>The institution of apartheid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of World War II on African nationalism?

<p>It fueled nationalist sentiments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the Defiance Campaigns in the 1950s?

<p>To use tactics of civil disobedience and non-cooperation to challenge apartheid laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Trust and Land Act of 1936?

<p>To expand areas reserved for black people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of racism and segregation in the 1920s and 1930s?

<p>They were deeply embedded in the socio-political and economic structures of various regions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the difference between segregation and apartheid?

<p>Segregation was informal, while apartheid was formal and codified in law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1913 Land Act?

<p>The restriction of black South Africans to owning land only in designated reserves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC)?

<p>It was a organization that aimed to unify various African groups and advocate for their rights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the 1948 National Party victory on the international community?

<p>South Africa became increasingly isolated internationally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Economic Commission established in 1932?

<p>To recommend that black people remain in rural reserves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of apartheid on non-white South Africans?

<p>It maintained white supremacy and discrimination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the resistance and struggle against apartheid?

<p>Apartheid ended in 1994 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Sauer Commission?

<p>To recommend formalized and entrenched segregation, or apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the electoral mechanics of the 1948 National Party victory?

<p>The National Party secured a parliamentary majority through strategic alliances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the eugenics movement?

<p>To improve the genetic quality of the human population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Australia, what was the purpose of the White Australia Policy?

<p>To maintain a homogeneous white society (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1913 Land Act in South Africa?

<p>Black land ownership was restricted to designated areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Urban Areas Act of 1923 in South Africa?

<p>To designate urban areas as 'white' spaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of JBM Hertzog's policies in South Africa?

<p>Segregation was further entrenched (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Industrial Conciliation Act of 1924 in South Africa?

<p>To legalize white-only trade unions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Wages Act of 1925 in South Africa?

<p>Preferential employment of whites was mandated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Mines and Works Amendment Act of 1926 in South Africa?

<p>To reinforce the colour bar in the mining industry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the eugenics movement in Europe?

<p>The sterilization of individuals deemed 'defective' was allowed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the White Australia Policy?

<p>The forced removal of Indigenous children from their families was promoted (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the National Party's campaign in South Africa?

<p>To capitalize on fears of a black uprising and economic competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the National Party's electoral victory in South Africa?

<p>The establishment of apartheid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act (1949)?

<p>To prohibit marriage between whites and individuals from other races (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Population Registration Act (1950)?

<p>The classification of all South Africans by race (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Group Areas Act (1950)?

<p>To segregate residential areas by race (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Reservation of Separate Amenities Act (1953)?

<p>The mandating of racially separate public facilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Bantu Education Act (1953)?

<p>To establish a separate and inferior educational system for African students (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the legalization of apartheid in South Africa?

<p>The institutionalization of racial discrimination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of apartheid laws on non-white South Africans?

<p>They were systematically marginalized and denied basic rights and freedoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the legal foundations of apartheid?

<p>The spurring of domestic resistance and civil rights movements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the apartheid legislation in South Africa?

<p>To institutionalize racial segregation and discrimination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main effect of the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act (1949)?

<p>It enforced racial purity and led to significant personal and societal tensions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Population Registration Act (1950)?

<p>It caused family separations as members were classified into different racial groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Group Areas Act (1950)?

<p>To designate specific residential areas for different races (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Bantu Education Act (1953)?

<p>It ensured a substandard education for non-whites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Mahatma Gandhi's satyagraha campaign in South Africa?

<p>To encourage non-violent resistance against unjust laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Native Resettlement Act (1954) and the Native (Urban Areas) Amendment Act (1955)?

<p>It broke apart families and communities, contributing to social instability and economic disadvantage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the internal resistance to apartheid before 1960?

<p>Non-violent actions and persuasive tactics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the apartheid legislation on the South African society?

<p>It had a profound and far-reaching impact, deeply entrenching racial segregation and discrimination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Extension of University Education Act (1959)?

<p>It hindered academic freedom and further entrenched educational segregation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approach of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC) in its early years?

<p>Persuasion through delegations and petitions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Defiance Campaign?

<p>The campaign significantly raised the political profile of the ANC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the apartheid government to the Defiance Campaign?

<p>The government arrested and banned the leaders of the campaign (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's response to the Defiance Campaign?

<p>The government's response led to a temporary relaxation of apartheid laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Workers' Party of South Africa and other groups in the 1930s?

<p>They called for democratic reforms and emphasized non-collaboration and boycotts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the formation of the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) in 1944?

<p>The ANC became more radical and confrontational (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the All African Convention (AAC) in 1935?

<p>It was a platform for African leaders to discuss strategies for collective action against discriminatory policies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the miners' strike and the Alexandra bus boycotts in the 1940s?

<p>The strikes and boycotts became more frequent and confrontational (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the leadership of Dr. AB Xuma in the African National Congress (ANC)?

<p>He led the ANC to become more radical and confrontational (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the resistance movements on the apartheid regime?

<p>The regime was eventually dismantled (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>Increased international scrutiny and criticism of South Africa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Rivonia Trial?

<p>Eight of the accused were found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Rivonia Trial?

<p>The international community condemned apartheid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Sharpeville Massacre on the anti-apartheid movement?

<p>It marked a shift towards more radical and militant strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the international community's actions against apartheid in South Africa?

<p>The South African government was increasingly isolated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategy did the ANC adopt after the Rivonia Trial?

<p>Armed struggle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial?

<p>It was a crucial event in the anti-apartheid struggle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1948 election in South Africa?

<p>The National Party institutionalized apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the term used to describe South Africa's racial policies?

<p>Polecat of the world (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the United Nations Security Council's Resolution 134?

<p>The condemnation of the Sharpeville Massacre and a call for South Africa to abandon apartheid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the eugenic movement in Nazi Germany?

<p>To improve the genetic quality of the human population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the cultural and sports boycotts against South Africa?

<p>South Africa was excluded from international events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Sharpeville Massacre on South Africa's international relations?

<p>It accelerated South Africa's diplomatic isolation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935?

<p>To strip Jews of their citizenship (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the global context in which apartheid was implemented?

<p>Post-World War II era (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the arrest and imprisonment of key leaders like Mandela and Sobukwe?

<p>The weakening of organizational leadership but the transformation of these figures into international symbols of resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the racial policies implemented by the Nazis?

<p>The systematic murder of six million Jews (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

<p>It raised awareness and lobbied for international action against South Africa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event marked a critical turning point in the international condemnation of apartheid?

<p>The Sharpeville Massacre (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary target of the Nazi's racial ideology?

<p>Jews and Romani people (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the trade embargoes and economic sanctions against South Africa?

<p>South Africa was further isolated economically and politically (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) and Poqo?

<p>It marked a shift towards armed protest and sabotage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial in the anti-apartheid movement?

<p>It marked a shift in the ANC's tactics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the United Nations' actions against apartheid?

<p>The UN condemned South Africa and called for sanctions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the economic boom in South Africa during the apartheid era?

<p>The National Party's grip on power was strengthened (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Nazis' racial policies?

<p>The systematic genocide of inferior races (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Rivonia Trial on the African National Congress (ANC)?

<p>It led to significant disorganization within the ANC's ranks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the basis of the Nazi's racial hierarchy?

<p>Pseudo-scientific theories of racial superiority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Sharpeville Massacre on South Africa's relationship with the British Commonwealth?

<p>It resulted in South Africa's exit from the British Commonwealth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Rivonia Trial on international awareness of apartheid?

<p>It increased (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Nazi's racial ideology on Jews?

<p>They were systematicaly murdered (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Nelson Mandela's speech during the Rivonia Trial?

<p>It became a defining moment in the fight against apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Nazi's legislation and policies?

<p>The institutionalization of racism and discrimination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the combination of South Africa's racial policies and the global reaction?

<p>Apartheid became an internationally recognized term (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of labor camps in Nazi Germany?

<p>To exploit forced labor for the Nazi war effort (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Nazi regime's racial policies on global discourse?

<p>It led to the development of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>To unite Afrikaners to gain and maintain political power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation behind African nationalism in South Africa?

<p>To respond to colonial exploitation and marginalization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Nazi regime's medical experiments?

<p>The development of racial and genetic research (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Nazi regime's racial ideologies on German society?

<p>It created an atmosphere of fear and mistrust (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the SS in Nazi Germany?

<p>It was a major military, police, and security force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of education and propaganda in Nazi Germany?

<p>To indoctrinate the German public into fervent belief in the supremacy of the Aryan race (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Nazi regime's racial policies on prisoners?

<p>They were exploited for forced labor and subjected to brutal conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Afrikaner cultural identity?

<p>It emphasized Afrikaner cultural heritage, language, and Christian religious beliefs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Bantu Authorities Act of 1951?

<p>It increased government control over rural areas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act of 1959?

<p>To segregate ethnic groups and dilute African nationalism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Congress of the People and the adoption of the Freedom Charter in 1955?

<p>The international community drew attention to the resistance efforts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960?

<p>It marked a shift from non-violent protest to armed resistance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Unlawful Organizations Act of 1960?

<p>The ANC and PAC were banned. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the immediate domestic impact of the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>Widespread outrage and increased protests occurred. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the apartheid government to the growing unrest following the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>It declared a state of emergency in 122 districts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's use of legislative and judicial means?

<p>The government maintained racial segregation and solidified its control. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Treason Trial?

<p>The defendants were acquitted after five years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Sharpeville Massacre on the anti-apartheid struggle?

<p>It catalyzed a shift from non-violent protest to armed resistance and gained international attention. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to the formalization of apartheid in South Africa in 1948?

<p>Afrikaner nationalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the African People's Organisation (APO) in South Africa?

<p>Advocate for the rights of all oppressed racial groups in South Africa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1894?

<p>Natal Indian Congress (NIC) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of World War II on African nationalism in South Africa?

<p>It raised expectations for self-determination and equal rights (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1946 Miners' Strike in South Africa?

<p>It demonstrated the growing unrest and militancy among black workers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approach of the African National Congress (ANC) in the 1950s?

<p>Inclusive, non-racial nationalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the 1913 Land Act on black South Africans?

<p>It restricted black South Africans to owning land only in designated reserves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Defiance Campaigns in the 1950s?

<p>They marked a shift towards more direct confrontation with apartheid laws (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC)/African National Congress (ANC)?

<p>To unify various African groups and advocate for their rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the economic depressions of the 1920s and 1930s on racial tensions in South Africa?

<p>It exacerbated racial tensions and hardened nationalist sentiments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Africanist nationalism in South Africa?

<p>Focusing on the rights and liberation of the black majority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Great Trek in the formation of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It symbolized a desire for independence and self-determination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Purified National Party's rise to power in 1948?

<p>The institutionalization of apartheid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Afrikaner Broederbond play in Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It coalesced Afrikaner identity around racial purity and divine providence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Afrikaans Language Movement in Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It further solidified a unified Afrikaner identity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the end of apartheid in 1994 on Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It resulted in the decline of Afrikaner nationalism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the Jim Crow Laws in the United States?

<p>Enforcing racial segregation and disenfranchising Black Americans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Ku Klux Klan in the United States during the 1920s and 1930s?

<p>It was a white supremacist group that promoted Anglo-Saxon and Protestant superiority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Great Depression on Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It consolidated Afrikaner nationalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Federation of Afrikaner Cultural Associations in Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>It further solidified a unified Afrikaner identity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the apartheid policy in South Africa?

<p>To maintain white supremacy and control over non-whites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1948 National Party victory in South Africa?

<p>The formal institution of apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act in 1949?

<p>To ban marriages between whites and people of other races (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Economic Commission established in 1932?

<p>To recommend the segregation of black people in rural reserves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key feature of apartheid in South Africa?

<p>The segregation of education and labor markets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Population Registration Act in 1950?

<p>It led to family separations and affected social privileges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the 1948 National Party victory on South Africa's international relations?

<p>South Africa became increasingly isolated internationally due to its apartheid policies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the Group Areas Act in 1950?

<p>To designate specific residential areas for different races (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Bantu Education Act in 1953?

<p>It segregated educational systems and limited education quality for non-whites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Sauer Commission in the development of apartheid?

<p>It recommended formalized and entrenched segregation, or apartheid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of apartheid on the economic development of non-white South Africans?

<p>It favored whites and ensured economic disparities that disadvantaged non-whites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Native Resettlement Act in 1954?

<p>To regulate black residency in urban areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the satyagraha campaign of non-violent resistance?

<p>Mahatma Gandhi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the resistance and struggle against apartheid in South Africa?

<p>The end of apartheid in 1994 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Extension of University Education Act in 1959?

<p>It established separate universities for different racial groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the National Party under DF Malan in 1948?

<p>To formalize and entrench apartheid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Fagan Commission in the development of apartheid?

<p>It recommended against complete segregation and advocated for limited integration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main characteristic of the internal resistance to apartheid before 1960?

<p>Non-violent actions and persuasive tactics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Immorality Amendment Act in 1950?

<p>To outlaw sexual relations between whites and non-whites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Reservation of Separate Amenities Act in 1953?

<p>It institutionalized inequality with 'separate but unequal' facilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the national referendum among white voters in South Africa in 1961?

<p>South Africa became a republic and exited the British Commonwealth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the UN Security Council's adoption of Resolution 134 on April 1, 1960?

<p>Condemnation of the Sharpeville massacre and a call to abandon apartheid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the international community's reaction to the Sharpeville massacre?

<p>Diplomatic isolation and economic sanctions against South Africa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) and Poqo?

<p>A more radical approach to combating apartheid, including sabotage and armed protest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Rivonia Trial for the African National Congress (ANC)?

<p>The ANC's leadership was weakened, leading to significant disorganization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Rivonia Trial for the defendants?

<p>Eight of the defendants were sentenced to life imprisonment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial for the international community?

<p>It drew international condemnation and turned the defendants into global symbols of resistance against apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Strengthening of Apartheid Policies after the Sharpeville massacre?

<p>A more stringent enforcement of apartheid laws (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Sharpeville massacre?

<p>It catalyzed a series of events that contributed to the downfall of apartheid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the arrest and imprisonment of key leaders like Nelson Mandela and Sobukwe?

<p>They were transformed into international symbols of resistance against apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the international community, through the United Nations, begin to take against apartheid?

<p>Resolutions condemning South Africa and calls for boycotts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the international sports and cultural organizations' actions against South Africa?

<p>South Africa was excluded from international competitions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the term used to describe South Africa's pariah status due to its racial policies?

<p>The polecat of the world (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Anti-Apartheid Movement's efforts?

<p>The international community began to take more direct actions against apartheid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the trade embargoes and economic sanctions against South Africa?

<p>South Africa was further isolated economically and politically (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the cultural and sports boycotts on South Africa?

<p>South Africa was excluded from international competitions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Rivonia Trial on the anti-apartheid movement?

<p>It marked a significant escalation in the anti-apartheid struggle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1948 election in South Africa?

<p>It led to the institutionalization of racial segregation and discrimination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Sharpeville Massacre on the global community?

<p>It marked a critical turning point in the global condemnation of apartheid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UNDHR) adopted for?

<p>To underscore rights and freedoms that apartheid explicitly denied. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the imprisonment of anti-apartheid leaders?

<p>It catalyzed a global campaign against apartheid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Nelson Mandela's speech during the Rivonia Trial?

<p>It marked a turning point in the anti-apartheid movement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Rivonia Trial on the African National Congress (ANC)?

<p>It marked a significant shift in the ANC's tactics. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the economic boom in South Africa during the 1960s?

<p>It strengthened the National Party's grip on power. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of apartheid becoming an internationally recognized term?

<p>It highlighted the global community's recognition of racial segregation and discrimination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the international community's reaction to apartheid?

<p>It resulted in increased diplomatic isolation of South Africa. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the eugenics movement in Europe?

<p>To ensure the genetic quality of the human population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'White Australia' policy aimed at?

<p>Maintaining a homogeneous white society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1913 Land Act in South Africa?

<p>Black land ownership was restricted to certain designated areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Urban Areas Act of 1923 in South Africa?

<p>To curb the influx of black Africans into urban areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of JBM Hertzog's policies in South Africa?

<p>Segregation was further entrenched (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Industrial Conciliation Act of 1924 in South Africa?

<p>To legalize white-only trade unions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Mines and Works Amendment Act of 1926 in South Africa?

<p>The colour bar in the mining industry was reinforced (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of scientific racism in Germany?

<p>To categorize humans into hierarchies of races (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the eugenics movement in the US?

<p>Discriminatory practices were justified against minorities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the forced removal of Aboriginal children from their families in Australia?

<p>To 'breed out' their Indigenous heritage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason behind the National Party's electoral victory in South Africa?

<p>They capitalized on fears of a black uprising and economic competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act (1949)?

<p>To legally enforce racial purity concepts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of the Population Registration Act (1950)?

<p>It divided families when members were classified differently (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Group Areas Act (1950)?

<p>To segregate residential areas by race (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the apartheid laws?

<p>They institutionalized racial discrimination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Bantu Education Act (1953)?

<p>To establish a separate and inferior educational system for African students (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the apartheid laws on the social structure of South Africa?

<p>They created a deeply divided society (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid laws on economic opportunities in South Africa?

<p>They facilitated economic inequalities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid laws on the political power of non-white South Africans?

<p>They disenfranchised and excluded non-white South Africans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the international response to the apartheid laws in South Africa?

<p>They led to international sanctions and isolation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the apartheid government's introduction of the Bantu Authorities Act in 1951?

<p>To increase government control over rural areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's centralization of control in rural areas?

<p>Widespread discontent among the rural population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act in 1959?

<p>To establish homelands for different ethnic groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's use of the Congress of the People and the Freedom Charter as grounds for arrest?

<p>Temporary weakening of the resistance movements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Sharpeville Massacre on the anti-apartheid struggle?

<p>It marked a significant shift from non-violent resistance to armed struggle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the government's declaration of a state of emergency in 122 districts?

<p>Key resistance leaders and activists were detained (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Unlawful Organizations Act of 1960 on the ANC and PAC?

<p>It banned them, significantly hampering their ability to organize and coordinate resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's efforts to suppress opposition?

<p>The resistance movements adapted and eventually gained enough momentum to challenge and overturn apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Treason Trial on the Congress Alliance and white voters?

<p>It led to a heavy financial and psychological toll on the Congress Alliance and increased support for the National Party (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Sharpeville Massacre in South African history?

<p>It marked a significant turning point in the anti-apartheid struggle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influenced future resistance movements and led to the founding of the Natal Indian Congress?

<p>Gandhi's non-violent methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the SANNC's efforts in the early 20th century?

<p>Persuasion through delegations and petitions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Defiance Campaign?

<p>The campaign significantly raised the political profile of the ANC (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the reaction of the apartheid government to the Defiance Campaign?

<p>They arrested the leaders of the Defiance Campaign (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's reaction to the Defiance Campaign?

<p>The leaders received suspended prison sentences and additional restrictions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Public Safety Act and the Criminal Law Amendment Act?

<p>To allow the government to declare a state of emergency and impose severe penalties for protests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Defiance Campaign on the apartheid government's tactics?

<p>The government became more conciliatory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the ANC's shift towards a more dynamic approach in the 1940s?

<p>The ANC became more radical (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the ANC Youth League (ANCYL) establishment in 1944?

<p>It advocated for more radical measures, leading to a revitalization of the ANC's strategy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the collective contribution of the early resistance movements to the struggle against apartheid?

<p>They laid the groundwork for more intensive anti-apartheid activities in the 1950s and beyond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the eugenics movement during the Nazi regime?

<p>To improve the genetic quality of the human population (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate goal of the Nazi racial ideology?

<p>To eradicate groups deemed inferior to the 'Aryan' race (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Nuremberg Laws of 1935?

<p>They stripped Jews of their citizenship and prohibited intermarriage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Nazi regime's racial policies?

<p>The systematic murder of over six million Jews and millions of others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which groups were targeted by the Nazi regime's racial ideology?

<p>Jews, Romani people, disabled individuals, and others deemed inferior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of Adolf Hitler's regime in promoting racial ideology?

<p>It propagated the belief in the racial purity of the 'Aryan' race (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the institutionalization of racism and discrimination?

<p>The legal basis for the mass extermination of Jews and other groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Holocaust in modern history?

<p>It was one of the most horrific events in modern history (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Africanist nationalism?

<p>The rights and liberation of the black majority (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event marked the beginning of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>The Great Trek (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Purified National Party's rise to power in 1948?

<p>The institutionalization of apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Afrikaner Broederbond?

<p>To unify Afrikaner identity around the principles of racial purity and divine providence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Afrikaner Language Movement?

<p>It promoted Afrikaans language and culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the eugenics movement in Europe?

<p>To improve the genetic quality of the human population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'White Australia Policy' aimed at maintaining?

<p>A homogeneous white society (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marked the decline of Afrikaner nationalism?

<p>The end of apartheid in 1994 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of Jim Crow laws in the United States?

<p>They enforced racial segregation and disenfranchised Black Americans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1913 Land Act in South Africa?

<p>Black Africans were restricted to certain designated areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Urban Areas Act of 1923 in South Africa?

<p>To designate urban areas as 'white' spaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Ku Klux Klan?

<p>To promote Anglo-Saxon and Protestant superiority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of JBM Hertzog's policies in South Africa?

<p>Entrenched segregation and protected white employment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of racism and segregation?

<p>Widespread discrimination and human rights violations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the transformation from the 'Gold Coast' to Ghana?

<p>The emergence of a more democratic and inclusive political landscape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of eugenics in popular culture?

<p>To justify discriminatory practices against minorities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the forced removal of Aboriginal children from their families in Australia?

<p>They were assimilated into white society (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Industrial Conciliation Act of 1924 in South Africa?

<p>To legalize white-only trade unions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1923 Native Urban Areas Act in South Africa?

<p>Black Africans were subjected to stringent pass laws (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of the 'White Australia Policy' in terms of immigration?

<p>To restrict non-European immigration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of labor camps in the Nazi regime?

<p>To exploit the forced labor of prisoners under brutal conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the direct outcome of Afrikaner nationalism in South Africa?

<p>The formalization of apartheid in 1948 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the medical experimentation conducted on prisoners in the Nazi regime?

<p>To advance racial and genetic research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the African People's Organisation (APO)?

<p>To advocate for the rights of all oppressed racial groups in South Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1946 Miners' Strike?

<p>It was a pivotal event that demonstrated the growing unrest and militancy among black workers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Nazi regime's racial policies on global discourse?

<p>It led to the development of the Genocide Convention and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Afrikaner nationalism in South Africa?

<p>To unite Afrikaners to gain and maintain political power within the framework of a racially segregated society (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of World War II on African nationalism?

<p>It fueled nationalist sentiments and raised expectations for self-determination and equal rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Natal Indian Congress (NIC)?

<p>To advocate for Indian rights and laid the groundwork for non-racial African nationalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary driver of African nationalism in South Africa?

<p>The exploitation and marginalization of black South Africans under colonial rule and subsequent white minority governments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Nazi regime's racial policies and the resultant atrocities?

<p>The development of the Genocide Convention and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Defiance Campaigns?

<p>They marked a shift towards more direct confrontation with apartheid laws, using tactics of civil disobedience and non-cooperation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Nazi regime's racial policies on German society?

<p>It created an atmosphere of fear and mistrust, fragmenting German society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC)?

<p>It was renamed the African National Congress (ANC) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the African National Congress (ANC)?

<p>To advocate for the rights of all oppressed racial groups in South Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the SS in the Nazi regime?

<p>To enforce Nazi racial policies with brutal efficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1913 Land Act?

<p>It restricted black South Africans to owning land only in designated reserves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the integration of racial ideologies into every facet of German life?

<p>It effectively indoctrinated the German public into fervent belief in the supremacy of the Aryan race (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of colonial dynamics on the development of African nationalism in South Africa?

<p>It led to the emergence of African nationalism as a response to colonial rule and discriminatory policies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary characteristic of African nationalism in South Africa by the 1950s?

<p>It was characterized by two main strands: inclusive, non-racial nationalism and exclusive, racial nationalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the apartheid policy in South Africa?

<p>To promote racial segregation and discrimination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1948 National Party victory in South Africa?

<p>It led to the institutionalization of racism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Native Trust and Land Act of 1936?

<p>To restrict non-white ownership of land (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of apartheid policies on the non-white population in South Africa?

<p>It restricted their movement and access to education (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main recommendation of the Sauer Commission?

<p>Formalized and entrenched segregation, or apartheid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the National Party's victory in the 1948 elections?

<p>The institutionalization of apartheid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main feature of the Native Economic Commission established in 1932?

<p>Restricting non-whites to rural reserves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of apartheid on South Africa's international relations?

<p>It resulted in South Africa's isolation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Fagan Commission's recommendations?

<p>It advocated for limited integration and economic cooperation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the alliance between the National Party and the Afrikaner Party?

<p>The National Party's victory in the 1948 elections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the National Party's campaign in South Africa?

<p>To capitalize on fears of a black uprising and economic competition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act in South Africa?

<p>To prohibit marriage between whites and individuals from other races (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Population Registration Act in South Africa?

<p>It categorized all South Africans by race (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Group Areas Act in South Africa?

<p>To segregate residential areas by race (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Reservation of Separate Amenities Act in South Africa?

<p>It mandated racially separate public facilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Bantu Education Act in South Africa?

<p>To establish a separate and inferior educational system for African students (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of apartheid laws on non-white South Africans?

<p>They systematically disadvantaged non-white South Africans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the consequences of apartheid laws in South Africa?

<p>Economic disparities between whites and non-whites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of apartheid laws on the political process in South Africa?

<p>They disenfranchised non-white South Africans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the international response to apartheid in South Africa?

<p>International sanctions and isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act in 1949?

<p>To promote racial purity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Immorality Amendment Act of 1950?

<p>Widespread social discord and state surveillance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Population Registration Act of 1950?

<p>To classify the population by racial categories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Reservation of Separate Amenities Act of 1953?

<p>Institutionalized inequality with separate but unequal facilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Group Areas Act of 1950?

<p>To designate specific residential areas for different races (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Bantu Education Act of 1953?

<p>Ensured a substandard education for non-whites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Extension of University Education Act of 1959?

<p>To establish separate universities for different racial groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Native Resettlement Act of 1954 and the Native (Urban Areas) Amendment Act of 1955?

<p>Broke apart families and communities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed and implemented the satyagraha campaign of non-violent resistance in South Africa?

<p>Mahatma Gandhi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the early forms of resistance to apartheid in South Africa?

<p>To defy unjust laws through non-violent resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the international community's actions against South Africa?

<p>Global condemnation and isolation of South Africa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the term used to describe South Africa's pariah status?

<p>Polecat of the world (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Anti-Apartheid Movement?

<p>To raise awareness and lobby for international action against South Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the cultural and sports boycotts against South Africa?

<p>International sports and cultural organizations excluded South Africa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Bantu Authorities Act of 1951?

<p>It helped the apartheid government manage rural dissent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the trade embargoes and economic sanctions against South Africa?

<p>South Africa became isolated economically and politically (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act of 1959?

<p>To promote ethnic divisions and dilute African nationalism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Congress of the People and the adoption of the Freedom Charter in 1955?

<p>The arrest and charge of 156 activists with high treason in 1956. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the international community's actions against South Africa?

<p>It contributed to the global condemnation of apartheid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960?

<p>It marked a significant turning point in the anti-apartheid struggle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Unlawful Organizations Act of 1960?

<p>The African National Congress and the Pan Africanist Congress were banned. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's response to the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>The state of emergency was declared in 122 districts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Treason Trial on the resistance?

<p>It weakened the resistance by removing leaders from active participation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's use of legislative and judicial means?

<p>The apartheid government solidified its control over South Africa. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the shift from non-violent resistance to armed struggle?

<p>The African National Congress and the Pan Africanist Congress formed military wings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the Defiance Campaign launched in 1952?

<p>To deliberately violate apartheid laws and provoke arrest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's response to the growing unrest after the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>The state of emergency was declared in 122 districts, detaining thousands of people. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Defiance Campaign Trial in 1952?

<p>The leaders received suspended prison sentences and additional restrictions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the ANC Youth League (ANCYL) established in 1944?

<p>It advocated for more radical measures against apartheid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the All African Convention (AAC) formed in 1935?

<p>To unify African resistance against discriminatory policies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the apartheid government to the Defiance Campaign?

<p>It arrested leaders of the Defiance Campaign and restricted their movements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1946 miners' strike?

<p>The strike was violently suppressed by the apartheid government (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC) founded in 1912?

<p>It was the first African nationalist organization to resist colonial and apartheid policies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approach of the SANNC during its early years?

<p>It focused on persuasion through delegations and petitions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Workers' Party of South Africa and other groups in the 1930s?

<p>They called for democratic reforms and emphasized non-collaboration and boycotts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the apartheid government's response to resistance movements?

<p>It led to the escalation of violence and repression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the national referendum among white voters in South Africa in 1961?

<p>South Africa became a republic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the United Nations Security Council's adoption of Resolution 134 on April 1, 1960?

<p>The international community condemned apartheid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the Sharpeville Massacre on South Africa's international relations?

<p>South Africa's diplomatic isolation increased (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) and Poqo?

<p>The groups focused on sabotage and armed protest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Rivonia Trial?

<p>The defendants were sentenced to life imprisonment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Rivonia Trial on the ANC leadership?

<p>The ANC leadership was significantly disorganized (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the CPP's victory in the 1951 elections?

<p>Ghana gained independence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>It catalyzed a series of events that contributed to the downfall of apartheid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the UN condemnation of apartheid?

<p>The international community increased its scrutiny and criticism of South Africa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the apartheid government's strengthening of repressive policies?

<p>The anti-apartheid movement was weakened (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the imprisonment of ANC leaders during the Rivonia Trial?

<p>The armed struggle through MK intensified. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Rivonia Trial in the anti-apartheid movement?

<p>It marked a significant escalation in the anti-apartheid struggle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1948 election in South Africa?

<p>The National Party institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on apartheid?

<p>It underscored the rights and freedoms that apartheid denied. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Sharpeville Massacre?

<p>It marked a critical turning point in the international condemnation of apartheid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the term 'apartheid'?

<p>It became an internationally recognized term for racial segregation and discrimination. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the economic boom in South Africa during the 1960s?

<p>The National Party's grip on power was strengthened. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Rivonia Trial on the ANC's tactics?

<p>The ANC shifted from non-violent protest to armed struggle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the global reaction against apartheid?

<p>The apartheid regime was internationally isolated. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Nelson Mandela's speech during the Rivonia Trial?

<p>It was a defining moment in the fight against apartheid. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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